Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Institution
-
- University of Pennsylvania Carey Law School (402)
- University of Colorado Law School (369)
- University of Michigan Law School (279)
- University of Georgia School of Law (205)
- Maurer School of Law: Indiana University (191)
-
- Cornell University Law School (172)
- Georgetown University Law Center (150)
- University of Kentucky (131)
- American University Washington College of Law (116)
- University of Maryland Francis King Carey School of Law (114)
- Notre Dame Law School (113)
- Maurice A. Deane School of Law at Hofstra University (111)
- Columbia Law School (103)
- Duke Law (99)
- University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Law (99)
- University of Richmond (93)
- Boston University School of Law (75)
- University of Nevada, Las Vegas -- William S. Boyd School of Law (71)
- William & Mary Law School (67)
- University of Pittsburgh School of Law (65)
- University at Buffalo School of Law (60)
- Washington and Lee University School of Law (54)
- Roger Williams University (51)
- Fordham Law School (50)
- Northwestern Pritzker School of Law (47)
- New York Law School (46)
- UIC School of Law (45)
- University of Connecticut (43)
- University of Baltimore Law (41)
- University of Missouri School of Law (40)
- Keyword
-
- Legal history (343)
- History (246)
- Legal History (191)
- Constitutional law (149)
- Jurisprudence (132)
-
- Representatives (110)
- State government (110)
- Kentucky history (109)
- Senators (109)
- State legislature (109)
- Constitution (103)
- Supreme Court (91)
- Slavery (90)
- United States Supreme Court (81)
- Race (80)
- United States (76)
- Law (75)
- Civil rights (62)
- Congress (58)
- Constitutional Law (57)
- Trial (57)
- Famous Trials (52)
- Judicial review (50)
- Legal theory (49)
- Originalism (49)
- Courts (48)
- Legal education (48)
- International law (47)
- Antitrust (46)
- Judges (46)
- Publication Year
- Publication
-
- Faculty Scholarship (470)
- All Faculty Scholarship (424)
- Articles (279)
- Publications (243)
- Scholarly Works (187)
-
- Cornell Law Faculty Publications (159)
- Journal Articles (159)
- Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works (145)
- Articles by Maurer Faculty (133)
- Law Faculty Publications (111)
- Articles in Law Reviews & Other Academic Journals (110)
- Journals of the General Assembly of the Commonwealth of Kentucky (109)
- Faculty Publications (107)
- Faculty Works (98)
- Documents from Making Habeas Work: A Legal History (monograph) (83)
- Current and Historical Georgia Constitutions & Related Materials (68)
- Faculty Articles (64)
- Book Chapters (63)
- Scholarly Articles (57)
- Legal History Publications (50)
- Legal Oral History Project (47)
- Faculty Working Papers (45)
- UIC Law Open Access Faculty Scholarship (45)
- Faculty Articles and Papers (39)
- Other Publications (38)
- Reviews (34)
- UF Law Faculty Publications (33)
- Faculty Articles and Other Publications (32)
- New Sources of Water for Energy Development and Growth: Interbasin Transfers: A Short Course (Summer Conference, June 7-10) (29)
- Popular Media (26)
Articles 121 - 150 of 4398
Full-Text Articles in Law
What History Can Tell Us About The Future Of Insurance And Litigation After Covid-19, Kenneth S. Abraham, Tom Baker
What History Can Tell Us About The Future Of Insurance And Litigation After Covid-19, Kenneth S. Abraham, Tom Baker
All Faculty Scholarship
This Article, written for the annual Clifford Symposium on Tort Law and Social Policy, chronicles a series of developments in American history that profoundly influenced the course of insurance and insurance law, in order to predict the post-COVID-19 future of these fields. In each instance, there was a direct and decided cause-and-effect relationship between these developments and subsequent change in the world of insurance and insurance law. As important as the influence of COVID-19 is at present and probably will be in the future, in our view the COVID-19 pandemic will not be as significant an influence on insurance and …
Canadian Privacy Law And The Post-War Freedom Of Information Paradigm, Jonathon W. Penney
Canadian Privacy Law And The Post-War Freedom Of Information Paradigm, Jonathon W. Penney
Articles & Book Chapters
An overemphasis on technology among Canadian privacy scholars has neglected other important historical factors in the development of privacy law. The chapter aims to help fill that void through a case study examining how a broader Post War paradigm, centred on freedom of information, impacted on Canada's most important early privacy laws, including Canada's first privacy law - Part VI of the Canadian Human Rights Act (1977); the federal Privacy Act (1983); and the Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act (PIPEDA)(2000). The case study suggests that despite wider concerns about privacy when each law was enacted, those concerns were …
The Broken Fourth Amendment Oath, Laurent Sacharoff
The Broken Fourth Amendment Oath, Laurent Sacharoff
Sturm College of Law: Faculty Scholarship
The Fourth Amendment requires that warrants be supported by “Oath or affirmation.” Under current doctrine, a police officer may swear the oath to obtain a warrant merely by repeating the account of an informant. This Article shows, however, that the Fourth Amendment, as originally understood, required that the real accuser with personal knowledge swear the oath.
That real-accuser requirement persisted for nearly two centuries. Almost all federal courts and most state courts from 1850 to 1960 held that the oath, by its very nature, required a witness with personal knowledge. Only in 1960 did the Supreme Court hold in Jones …
Law Dean’S Letter Urges Confirmation Of Biden’S Historic Scotus Pick, Ketanji Brown Jackson, Angela Onwuachi-Willig
Law Dean’S Letter Urges Confirmation Of Biden’S Historic Scotus Pick, Ketanji Brown Jackson, Angela Onwuachi-Willig
Shorter Faculty Works
In a letter citing Black women’s underrepresentation on the federal bench, Angela Onwuachi-Willig, dean of the BU School of Law, and more than 200 other Black women law deans and professors urged the US Senate on Friday to confirm President Joe Biden’s nominee, Ketanji Brown Jackson, to the nation’s highest court “swiftly and with bipartisan support.”
A Reader’S Guide To Legal Orientalism, Teemu Ruskola
A Reader’S Guide To Legal Orientalism, Teemu Ruskola
All Faculty Scholarship
My book Legal Orientalism: China, the United States, and Modern Law (Harvard University Press 2013) was published in translation in China in 2016. This essay analyzes the Chinese reception of this book. Originally addressed to a North American readership, Legal Orientalism examines critically the asymmetric relationship in which Euro-American law and Chinese law stand to one another, the former regarding itself as an embodiment of universal values while viewing the latter’s as culturally particular ones. The essay explores what happens when a “Western” work of self-criticism is transmitted to an “Eastern” audience. In this context, it analyzes the politics of …
The History Wars And Property Law: Conquest And Slavery As Foundational To The Field, K-Sue Park
The History Wars And Property Law: Conquest And Slavery As Foundational To The Field, K-Sue Park
Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works
This Article addresses the stakes of the ongoing fight over competing versions of U.S. history for our understanding of law, with a special focus on property law. Insofar as legal scholarship has examined U.S. law within the historical context in which it arose, it has largely overlooked the role that laws and legal institutions played in facilitating the production of the two preeminent market commodities in the colonial and early Republic periods: expropriated lands and enslaved people. Though conquest and enslavement were key to producing property for centuries, property-law scholars have constructed the field of property law to be largely …
Yom Ha’Shoah In An Even More Special Context, Richard Weisberg
Yom Ha’Shoah In An Even More Special Context, Richard Weisberg
Faculty Online Publications
This always precious day of mournful memory is linked in 2022 to the 80th anniversary of the event that gave birth to all that unutterable sadness: the Wannsee Conference of 1942. In an otherwise innocuous building you can visit anytime you are in Berlin, a handful of men, over cakes and liqueur, devised the “Final Solution”. It took them around two days, well heated and protected from the ice and snow outdoors, to list mechanically their estimates of how many Jews lived in Europe’s various countries and how these Jews might be – though their written minutes never use …
The Progressives' Antitrust Toolbox, Herbert J. Hovenkamp
The Progressives' Antitrust Toolbox, Herbert J. Hovenkamp
All Faculty Scholarship
The period 1900 to 1930 was the Golden Age of antitrust theory, if not of enforcement. During that period courts and scholars developed nearly all of the tools that we use to this day to assess anticompetitive practices under the federal antitrust laws. In subsequent years antitrust policy veered to both the left and the right, but today seems to be returning to a position quite similar to the one that these Progressive adopted. Their principal contributions were (1) partial equilibrium analysis, which became the basis for concerns about economic concentration, the distinction between short- and long-run analysis, and later …
Monopolizing Digital Commerce, Herbert J. Hovenkamp
Monopolizing Digital Commerce, Herbert J. Hovenkamp
All Faculty Scholarship
Section 2 of the Sherman Act condemns firms who “monopolize,” “attempt to monopolize,” or “combine or conspire” to monopolize—all without explanation. Section 2 is the antitrust law’s only provision that reaches entirely unilateral conduct, although it has often been used to reach collaborative conduct as well. In general, § 2 requires greater amounts of individually held market power than do the other antitrust statutes, but it is less categorical about conduct. With one exception, however, the statute reads so broadly that criticisms of the nature that it is outdated cannot be based on faithful readings of the text.
The one …
The Complex Dualisms Of Corporations And Democracy, Franklin A. Gevurtz
The Complex Dualisms Of Corporations And Democracy, Franklin A. Gevurtz
McGeorge School of Law Scholarly Articles
These are perilous times for American democracy. Among the threats, many point to the power of corporations. This article examines that threat by considering a series of dualisms characterizing the relationship between corporations and democracy. This begins with a look at the anti- as well as the pro-democratic impacts of the earliest corporations and the paradoxes with respect to democracy created during the evolution of corporate law. The article then looks at internal corporate governance (so-called “corporate” or “shareholder democracy”) to show how, on the one hand, it contains features addressing some of the greatest current threats to American democracy, …
Citizenship, Race, And Statehood, Kristina M. Campbell
Citizenship, Race, And Statehood, Kristina M. Campbell
Journal Articles
This Article will discuss the interplay between citizenship, race, and ratification of statehood in the United States, both historically and prospectively. Part II will discuss the development and history of the Insular Cases and the creation of the Territorial Incorporation Doctrine (“TID”), focusing on the Territory of Puerto Rico and how the issues of citizenship, race, and statehood have evolved in shadow of empire as a result. Part III will look back on the admission to the Union of New Mexico and Arizona—the forty-seventh and forty-eighth states—and discuss the substantial difficulties these territories had in getting admitted for statehood due …
Back To The Sources? What’S Clear And Not So Clear About The Original Intent Of The First Amendment, John Witte Jr.
Back To The Sources? What’S Clear And Not So Clear About The Original Intent Of The First Amendment, John Witte Jr.
Faculty Articles
This Article peels through these layers of founding documents before exploring the final sixteen words of the First Amendment religion clauses. Part I explores the founding generation’s main teachings on religious freedom, identifying the major principles that they held in common. Part II sets out a few representative state constitutional provisions on religious freedom created from 1776 to 1784. Part III reviews briefly the actions by the Continental Congress on religion and religious freedom issued between 1774 and 1789. Part IV touches on the deprecated place of religious freedom in the drafting of the 1787 United States Constitution. Part V …
Turnover Taxes: Their Origin, Fall From Grace, And Resurrection, Richard Pomp
Turnover Taxes: Their Origin, Fall From Grace, And Resurrection, Richard Pomp
Faculty Articles and Papers
The turnover tax, a hallmark of developing nations and even once blamed for Spain’s decline, has made a comeback in the states, starting with Ohio.
A turnover tax is a gross receipts tax that is applied every time a good or service “turns over,” that is, every time the good or service transfers from one entity to another for consideration. The tax base is therefore turnover, and the measure of the tax is gross receipts.
In this article, Professor Richard Pomp examines the turnover tax’s deep roots dating back to ancient Athens, and tracks its course from the time the …
Feminist Legal History And Legal Pedagogy, Paula A. Monopoli
Feminist Legal History And Legal Pedagogy, Paula A. Monopoli
Faculty Scholarship
Women are mere trace elements in the traditional law school curriculum. They exist only on the margins of the canonical cases. Built on masculine norms, traditional modes of legal pedagogy involve appellate cases that overwhelmingly involve men as judges and advocates. The resulting silence signals that women are not makers of law—especially constitutional law. Teaching students critical modes of analysis like feminist legal theory and critical race feminism matters. But unmoored from feminist legal history, such critical theory is incomplete and far less persuasive. This Essay focuses on feminist legal history as foundational if students are to understand the implications …
Gender, Voting Rights, And The Nineteenth Amendment, Paula A. Monopoli
Gender, Voting Rights, And The Nineteenth Amendment, Paula A. Monopoli
Faculty Scholarship
One hundred years after the woman suffrage amendment became part of the United States Constitution, a federal court has held—for the first time—that a plaintiff must establish intentional discrimination to prevail on a direct constitutional claim under the Nineteenth Amendment. In adopting that threshold standard, the court simply reasoned by strict textual analogy to the Fifteenth Amendment and asserted that “there is no reason to read the Nineteenth Amendment differently from the Fifteenth Amendment.” This paper’s thesis is that, to the contrary, the Nineteenth Amendment is deserving of judicial analysis independent of the Fifteenth Amendment because it has a distinct …
Arthur A. Thomas: A Hero Of A Valet, Todd C. Peppers
Arthur A. Thomas: A Hero Of A Valet, Todd C. Peppers
Scholarly Articles
During his time on the Supreme Court, Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr. was the beneficiary of adulation from his legal secretaries (today we refer to them as law clerks) and young legal scholars, like Felix Frankfurter and Harold Laski. While the Justice basked in the warm glow of their hero worship, he was quick to point out to them that “no man is a hero to his valet.” The phrase was not original to Holmes, although the expression sounds like it sprang from his clever mind. The underlying meaning is simple—the servant tending daily to his employer sees flaws and …
The Chief Justice And The Page: Earl Warren, Charles Bush, And The Promise Of Brown V. Board Of Education, Todd C. Peppers
The Chief Justice And The Page: Earl Warren, Charles Bush, And The Promise Of Brown V. Board Of Education, Todd C. Peppers
Scholarly Articles
In October Term 1954, the Supreme Court heard oral arguments regarding the implementation of the Brown decision. The resulting opinion is commonly referred to as “Brown II.” In his unanimous opinion, Chief Justice Earl Warren ordered local school districts to desegregate their schools “with all deliberate speed.” Supporters of immediate integration were dismayed by the vague language, which ultimately allowed southern states to use a variety of tactics to deliberately evade and resist the Court’s mandate that public schools be desegregated.
What has been forgotten in the discussion of Brown II and the “all deliberate speed” standard is that …
Eminent Domain And Unfettered Discretion: Lessons From A History Of U.S. Territorial Takings, Jill M. Fraley
Eminent Domain And Unfettered Discretion: Lessons From A History Of U.S. Territorial Takings, Jill M. Fraley
Scholarly Articles
Eminent domain is a minimal constitutional protection for private property and one that is subject to far more discretion than previously recognized by scholars. This Article traces a novel legal history of land takings within the U.S. Territories, focusing on some of the most egregious and controversial incidents and problematic patterns originating within eminent domain law. Comparing this history to recent research that demonstrates how takings in the States have disproportionately impacted Black communities, this Article articulates three patterns of injustices in takings echoing between Black mainland communities and indigenous communities in the Territories: large-scale federally funded actions, local government …
Gertrude Jenkins, Unplugged, Todd C. Peppers
Gertrude Jenkins, Unplugged, Todd C. Peppers
Scholarly Articles
Gertrude Jenkins worked for U.S. Chief Justice Harlan Fiske Stone until his death in 1946. Adept at multi-tasking, she also ran a boarding house to make more money. A position as a floating secretary was created for Jenkins at the Court, and she worked in other chambers as well as the Court library until October 1949, when she accepted a position in Justice Frankfurter’s chambers. Jenkins retired in August 1953.
Gertrude Jenkins’s letters neither shed light on the grand constitutional issues of her day nor provide insights into the justices’ jurisprudential views. They will not cause historians to radically reevaluate …
The War On Drugs And Its Legal Effects On Black Americans, Alexia L. Howard-Mullins
The War On Drugs And Its Legal Effects On Black Americans, Alexia L. Howard-Mullins
2022 Symposium
The differences in treatment between Black and white Americans in the past fifty years has been a topic of thought in the minds of political and sociological scholars since the inception of the War on Drugs in 1971. These differences in treatment may lead to discrimination legally, resulting in longer prison sentences and a higher proportion of Black Americans in prison. This study analyzes the results of the War on Drugs that led to disproportionate imprisonment of Black Americans, including mandatory sentencing laws, drug classifications, and discrimination within law enforcement and the legal system. This study will use primary sources …
Unreasonable Risk: The Failure To Ban Asbestos And The Future Of Toxic Substances Regulation, Rachel Rothschild
Unreasonable Risk: The Failure To Ban Asbestos And The Future Of Toxic Substances Regulation, Rachel Rothschild
Law & Economics Working Papers
Every day, Americans are exposed to hundreds of chemicals in the air we breathe, the water we drink, and the products we use. The vast majority of these chemicals have never been tested for safety. Many have been shown to cause serious health harms, ranging from cancer to autoimmune illness to IQ loss. They also have disproportionate effects on some of the most vulnerable populations in our society, such as children, minorities, and industrial workers.
The law that is supposed to protect Americans from dangerous chemical exposures – the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) – was long considered a dead …
The Truman Show: The Fraudulent Origins Of The Former Presidents Act, Paul F. Campos
The Truman Show: The Fraudulent Origins Of The Former Presidents Act, Paul F. Campos
Publications
When President Donald Trump was impeached for a second time, many commenters pointed out that, if Trump were to be convicted by the Senate, he would likely lose millions of dollars in future taxpayer-funded benefits. These benefits are provided to ex-presidents by the Former Presidents Act, a 1958 statute of considerable political significance and ongoing controversy, that nevertheless has to this point been ignored completely by the legal academic literature.
This Article represents the first sustained discussion of the FPA in that literature. It concludes that the statute should be revoked — and it centers its critique on the law’s …
Standing, Equity, And Injury In Fact, Ernest A. Young
Standing, Equity, And Injury In Fact, Ernest A. Young
Faculty Scholarship
This contribution to the Notre Dame Law Review's annual Federal Courts symposium on "The Nature of the Federal Equity Power" asks what the traditions of equity can tell us about Article III standing. I take as my point of departure the observation by Professors Sam Bray and Paul Miller, in their contribution to the symposium, that equity does not have causes of action as such--or at least not in the same way as actions at law. This is potentially important for standing, as many academic critiques of the Supreme Court's standing jurisprudence have argued that standing should turn on whether …
The Lawfulness Of The Fifteenth Amendment, Travis Crum
The Lawfulness Of The Fifteenth Amendment, Travis Crum
Scholarship@WashULaw
One of the most provocative debates in constitutional theory concerns the lawfulness of the Reconstruction Amendments’ adoptions. Scholars have contested whether Article V permits amendments proposed by Congresses that excluded the Southern States and questioned whether those States’ ratifications were obtained through unlawful coercion. Scholars have also teased out differences in how States were counted for purposes of ratifying the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Amendments. This debate has focused exclusively on the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Amendments, dismissing the Fifteenth Amendment as a mere sequel.
As this Essay demonstrates, the unique issues raised by the Fifteenth Amendment’s ratification adds important nuance to …
Judge James A. Wynn, Originalism, And The Juridical/Judicial Role, Michael E. Tigar
Judge James A. Wynn, Originalism, And The Juridical/Judicial Role, Michael E. Tigar
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
Navassa: Property, Sovereignty, And The Law Of The Territories, Joseph Blocher, Mitu Gulati
Navassa: Property, Sovereignty, And The Law Of The Territories, Joseph Blocher, Mitu Gulati
Faculty Scholarship
The United States acquired its first overseas territory—Navassa Island, near Haiti—by conceptualizing it as a kind of property to be owned, rather than a piece of sovereign territory to be governed. The story of Navassa shows how competing conceptions of property and sovereignty are an important and underappreciated part of the law of the territories—a story that continued fifty years later in the Insular Cases, which described Puerto Rico as “belonging to” but not “part of” the United States.
Contemporary scholars are drawn to the sovereignty framework and the public-law tools that come along with it: arguments about rights and …
The Emergence Of Neutrality, Jud Campbell
The Emergence Of Neutrality, Jud Campbell
Law Faculty Publications
This Article traces two interwoven jurisprudential genealogies. The first of these focuses on the emergence of neutrality in speech and press doctrine. Content and viewpoint neutrality are now the bedrock principles of modern First Amendment law. Yet the history of these concepts is largely untold and otherwise misunderstood. Scholars usually assume that expressive-freedom doctrine was mostly undeveloped before the early twentieth century and that neutrality was central to its modern rebirth. But this view distorts and sometimes even inverts historical perspectives. For most of American history, the governing paradigm of expressive freedom was one of limited toleration, focused on protecting …
Edward S. Rogers, The Lanham Act, And The Common Law, Jessica Litman
Edward S. Rogers, The Lanham Act, And The Common Law, Jessica Litman
Book Chapters
This book chapter is a deep dive into the story of Edward Sidney Rogers's authorship of the legislation that became the Lanham Act. Because Rogers believed that Congress lacked the power to alter the substantive law of trademark and unfair competition, he crafted draft legislation that focused on registration and other procedural details rather than substantive rights and defenses. He sought to advance two incompatible goals: he hoped to preserve the robust common law of unfair competition while requiring, or at least encouraging, all trademark owners to register their marks. Both the supporters and the opponents of the bills that …
Of Rights And Regulation, Stephen W. Sawyer, William J. Novak
Of Rights And Regulation, Stephen W. Sawyer, William J. Novak
Book Chapters
This chapter explores the development of social provisioning as a matter not of right but of democratic administration in France and the United States in the nineteenth century. The authors take issue with conventional chronologies of rights development, which see civil and political rights being developed in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, with social rights appearing in the twentieth. Such categories and sequencing obscure the ways in which democratic administrations took the problem of social provisioning seriously. A history of socio-economic rights cannot be distinguished from the less formal technologies of socio-economic regulation that were an integral part of the …
Chapter Eight - Technology And The Law: The Automobile (By James Willard Hurst), Bj Ard, William J. Novak
Chapter Eight - Technology And The Law: The Automobile (By James Willard Hurst), Bj Ard, William J. Novak
Articles
In this chapter we are going to talk about some of the automobile effects that it has had. Upon the law, and some of the effects that the law has had upon the automobile. We could undoubtedly open up some worthwhile lines of thought, if we talked about the automobile in relation to, certain brooder problems of which it is a part: for example, the effects of the internal combustion the growth engine, or of all types of communication. But we shall have enough on our hands if we stick to the automobile, and even so in the limits of …