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Articles 151 - 165 of 165
Full-Text Articles in Law
Child Welfare Decisionmaking: In Search Of The Least Drastic Alternative, Marsha Garrison
Child Welfare Decisionmaking: In Search Of The Least Drastic Alternative, Marsha Garrison
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
Contributions Of Victimization To Delinquency In Inner Cities, Jeffery Fagan, Elizabeth S. Piper, Yu-Teh Cheng
Contributions Of Victimization To Delinquency In Inner Cities, Jeffery Fagan, Elizabeth S. Piper, Yu-Teh Cheng
Faculty Scholarship
The relationship between victimization and criminality has been widely cited in recent years. Early thinking and public perceptions about crime intuitively presumed that criminals were distinct from their victims. Crime control policies resulted which promoted the physical separation of victims from predatory offenders through "target hardening" and "defensible space." Such distinctions, however, ignored the empirical evidence on the considerable overlap between offender and victim profiles and distorted the reality of events in which persons are labelled as victims or victimizers based only on the consequences of the event. Given the homogeneous relation between victim and offender, theories of crime that …
Disabled Newborns And The Federal Child Abuse Amendments: Tenuous Protection, Steven R. Smith
Disabled Newborns And The Federal Child Abuse Amendments: Tenuous Protection, Steven R. Smith
Faculty Scholarship
This Article first explores the scope of the problem of withholding lifesaving treatment from seriously impaired infants. Next, the Article examines the interests involved in decisions to withhold treatment and the rationales for them. It contends that there are limitations on parental child-rearing rights and suggests standards to define when treatment may be withheld. The Article then reviews recent efforts to protect disabled newborns and points out a shift in the focus of these efforts toward a reliance on child abuse and neglect laws. Next, the Article surveys the development of federal and state child abuse and neglect statutes. The …
Sociological And Human Developmental Explanations Of Crime: Conflict Or Consensus , Deborah W. Denno
Sociological And Human Developmental Explanations Of Crime: Conflict Or Consensus , Deborah W. Denno
Faculty Scholarship
This paper examines multidisciplinary correlates of delinquency in an attempt to integrate sociological and environmental theories of crime with human developmental and biological explanations of crime. Structural equation models are applied to assess links among biological, psychological, and environmental variables collected prospectively from birth through age 17 on a sample of 800 black children at high risk for learning and behavioral disorders. Results show that for both males and females, aggression and disciplinary problems in school during adolescence are the strongest predictors of repeat offense behavior. Whereas school achievement and family income and stability are also significant predictors of delinquency …
The "Discovery" Of Sexual Abuse: Experts' Role In Legal Policy Formulation, D. Kelly Weisberg
The "Discovery" Of Sexual Abuse: Experts' Role In Legal Policy Formulation, D. Kelly Weisberg
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
Children Of The Night: The Adequacy Of Statutory Treatment Of Juvenile Prostitution, D. Kelly Weisberg
Children Of The Night: The Adequacy Of Statutory Treatment Of Juvenile Prostitution, D. Kelly Weisberg
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
Sexual Abuse Of Children: Recent Developments In The Law Of Evidence, D. Kelly Weisberg
Sexual Abuse Of Children: Recent Developments In The Law Of Evidence, D. Kelly Weisberg
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
Rethinking Joint Custody, Elizabeth S. Scott, Andre Derdeyn
Rethinking Joint Custody, Elizabeth S. Scott, Andre Derdeyn
Faculty Scholarship
A small revolution has begun in child custody law, and as yet its dimensions and ultimate direction are uncertain. Joint custody, the sharing of legal authority by divorced or separated parents over their children, is gaining acceptance as the best arrangement for most children when their parents divorce. The legal system is embracing this arrangement with remarkable enthusiasm, although until recently it was viewed as being of questionable legality and antithetical to the best interest of the child. Today, thirty states have joint custody laws, most of which have been enacted since 1980. A growing number of the more recent …
Life And Death Decisions In The Nursery: Standards And Criteria For Withholding Lifesaving Treatment From Infants, Steven R. Smith
Life And Death Decisions In The Nursery: Standards And Criteria For Withholding Lifesaving Treatment From Infants, Steven R. Smith
Faculty Scholarship
That the conduct of human affairs does not always conform to the requirements of the law is a surprise to no one. But in few areas of critical life and death decisions is there such a disparity between commonly recognized principles of law and developing medical practice as exists in the area of withholding lifesaving medical care from infants, notably defective infants. The law is said to restrict physicians and parents from withholding lifesaving treatment from infants for the purpose of causing their deaths. Yet it is reported that it is not uncommon for lifesaving treatment to be denied severely …
Impact Of A Youth Service Center, Deborah W. Denno
Impact Of A Youth Service Center, Deborah W. Denno
Faculty Scholarship
This study evaluates the impact of a Youth Service Center (YSC) in South Philadelphia, using methods which consider both the Center's goals and relevant developments within its target area. The YSC is a delinquency-prevention program housed in the South Philadelphia Community Center (SPCC), a general recreation facility which evolved from the Philadelphia Boys' Club in 1974. The YSC program was added in June 1975 to "prevent and limit youth from becoming involved in the Juvenile Justice System, police courts, and institutions". Program referrals comprise area youths between the ages of 10 and 18 who have been arrested and are in …
The Insanity Defense In Juvenile Delinquency Proceedings, Maxine M. Harrington, Ann O'Regan Keary
The Insanity Defense In Juvenile Delinquency Proceedings, Maxine M. Harrington, Ann O'Regan Keary
Faculty Scholarship
The insanity defense in delinquency proceedings poses an important legal dilemma concerning the rights of children in the juvenile justice system. Indeed, beyond the purely legal concerns of the rights of an accused juvenile, the concept of criminal responsibility in the context of juvenile court proceedings raises perhaps an even more important issue of what is the best model for dealing with mentally ill juvenile offenders, both from the juvenile's viewpoint and that of society as a whole. It is our opinion that not only does the insanity defense have an appropriate role in juvenile proceedings, but that legal as …
Families With Service Needs: The Newest Euphemism, Stanley Z. Fisher
Families With Service Needs: The Newest Euphemism, Stanley Z. Fisher
Faculty Scholarship
Juvenile court jurisdiction over "status offenders" - juveniles engaging in noncriminal misconduct such as truancy, running away, and "incorrigibility" - has become the subject of national debate. Most participants in the many-sided discussion agree that the system needs reform. The major disagreement, however, is between those who wish merely to reform the court's jurisdiction over this conduct, and those who would substantially eliminate it. This article concerns the newest reform proposal: to revise status offense jurisdiction under a new category entitled "Families With Service Needs" (FWSN). Proposed in 1977 by a federally funded task force, 5 the FWSN concept has …
Privacy Versus Parens Patriae The Role Of Police Records In The Sentencing And Surveillance Of Juveniles, John C. Coffee Jr.
Privacy Versus Parens Patriae The Role Of Police Records In The Sentencing And Surveillance Of Juveniles, John C. Coffee Jr.
Faculty Scholarship
The purpose of this article is to examine juvenile record systems maintained by police authorities. A primary thesis is that current procedures governing the creation and dissemination of such records are so severely misguided by underlying parens patriae concepts that they often result in the purposeless stigmatization of a far greater range of youths than the juvenile justice system has any justification in attempting to deal with. Indeed, increasing evidence suggests that the net effect of such record keeping is to ensure that many of the subject juveniles will mature into confirmed delinquents.
The Relationship Between Promise And Performance In State Intervention In Family Life, Peter L. Strauss, Millard L. Midonick, Nanette Dembitz, Harriet F. Pilpel, David J. Rothman
The Relationship Between Promise And Performance In State Intervention In Family Life, Peter L. Strauss, Millard L. Midonick, Nanette Dembitz, Harriet F. Pilpel, David J. Rothman
Faculty Scholarship
JUDGE MIDONICK: We have a fantastic representation of our alumni here and we've overdone our 10:00 starting time and we're supposed to stop at 12:00 promptly in order for us to go to the Low Memorial Library for lunch, for those who are having lunch with us. In order to be on time for this afternoon's extravaganza we really ought to begin now. You must understand this program is entirely unrehearsed and therefore will be more interesting. We have with us today a panel of four whom I will introduce as they are to speak. The first speaker will speak …
Criminal Procedure For Juvenile Offenders In Ethiopia, Stanley Z. Fisher
Criminal Procedure For Juvenile Offenders In Ethiopia, Stanley Z. Fisher
Faculty Scholarship
The purpose of this article is to set out, in summary fashion, the law concerning juvenile offenders in Ethiopia. Our focus will be on procedural rather than substantive aspects-insofar as it is possible to separate the two-and particularly upon the enforcement of constitutional guarantees in the process.