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Articles 361 - 388 of 388
Full-Text Articles in Law
Judicial Rule-Making Absent Legislative Review: The Limits Of Separation Of Powers, Kenneth S. Gallant
Judicial Rule-Making Absent Legislative Review: The Limits Of Separation Of Powers, Kenneth S. Gallant
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
Massachusetts And The Judges: Judicial Independence In Perspective, Barbara Aronstein Black
Massachusetts And The Judges: Judicial Independence In Perspective, Barbara Aronstein Black
Faculty Scholarship
This is an essay about an incident that took place in the Province of Massachusetts Bay during the period 1772-1774, an incident that I will call the Affair of the Royal Salary. Close relative of the Stamp Act Crisis, The Boston Tea Party, even the Boston Massacre, the Affair of the Royal Salary similarly involved a clash between the forces of popular government and those of imperial government; like its better known cousins it is part of the story of the coming of the American Revolution in Massachusetts. In addition, since the Salary around which the Affair developed was intended …
Court Trial Empirical Survey: Interview Responses From Trial Judges Explaining Their Experiences And Views Regarding The Trial Of Non-Jury Cases, John O. Sonsteng, Roger S. Haydock
Court Trial Empirical Survey: Interview Responses From Trial Judges Explaining Their Experiences And Views Regarding The Trial Of Non-Jury Cases, John O. Sonsteng, Roger S. Haydock
Faculty Scholarship
Knowing how a judge will react to certain trial techniques in a trial can greatly enhance an attorney's effectiveness in the courtroom. This article contains and explains the results of the authors' empirical survey. Fifty-nine judges serving in both criminal and civil court in the Minneapolis-St. Paul area were surveyed, with each judge responding to thirty-eight questions designed to obtain objective information concerning their experiences and views on effective trial advocacy. The survey covered eight topics: (1) trial briefs; (2) pretrial chambers discussions; (3) opening statements; (4) direct and cross-examinations; (5) evidentiary matters; (6) closing arguments; (7) findings of fact …
The Intellectual Development Of The American Doctrine Of Judicial Review, Pnina Lahav
The Intellectual Development Of The American Doctrine Of Judicial Review, Pnina Lahav
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
Grading The Judge, William W. Schwarzer
Modern Unilateral Contracts, Mark Pettit
Modern Unilateral Contracts, Mark Pettit
Faculty Scholarship
Why would anyone write about unilateral contracts today? After all, Karl Llewellyn argued convincingly more than forty years ago' that unilateral contracts are rare and unimportant and should be relegated to the "freak tent. ' 2 Academics, he said, created the "Great Dichotomy" between unilateral and bilateral contracts; lack of support for the unilateral contract idea in the cases required those academics to illustrate the concept with ridiculous hypotheticals about climbing greased flagpoles and crossing the Brooklyn Bridge. The drafters of the Second Restatement of Contracts thus considered it a step forward when they not only minimized the importance of …
Equal Divisions In The Supreme Court: History, Problems, And Proposals, William L. Reynolds, Gordon G. Young
Equal Divisions In The Supreme Court: History, Problems, And Proposals, William L. Reynolds, Gordon G. Young
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
Nineteenth Century Interpretations Of The Federal Contract Clause: The Transformation From Vested To Substantive Rights Against The State , James L. Kainen
Nineteenth Century Interpretations Of The Federal Contract Clause: The Transformation From Vested To Substantive Rights Against The State , James L. Kainen
Faculty Scholarship
During the early nineteenth century, the contract clause served as the fundamental source of federally protected rights against the state. Yet the Supreme Court gradually eased many of the restrictions on state power enforced in the contract clause cases while developing the doctrine of substantive due process after the Civil War. By the end of the nineteenth century, the due process clause had usurped the place of the contract clause as the centerpiece in litigation about individual rights. Most analyses of the history of federally protected rights against the state have emphasized the rise of substantive due process to the …
Techniques For Identifying And Narrowing Issues In Antitrust Cases, William W. Schwarzer
Techniques For Identifying And Narrowing Issues In Antitrust Cases, William W. Schwarzer
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
Two Modes Of Legal Thought, George P. Fletcher
Two Modes Of Legal Thought, George P. Fletcher
Faculty Scholarship
We should begin with a confession of ignorance. We have no jurisprudence of legal scholarship. Scholars expatiate at length on the work of other actors in the legal culture – legislators, judges, prosecutors, and even practicing lawyers. Yet we reflect little about what we are doing when we write about the law. We have a journal about the craft of teaching, but none about the craft of scholarship.
In view of our ignorance, we should pay particular heed to our point of departure. I start with the observation that legal scholarship expresses itself in a variety of verbal forms. Descriptive …
Democracy And Distrust: A Theory Of Judicial Review, Gerard E. Lynch
Democracy And Distrust: A Theory Of Judicial Review, Gerard E. Lynch
Faculty Scholarship
John Hart Ely's Democracy and Distrust is an ambitious attempt to create a new theory of judicial review, breaking away from both "interpretivism" and "noninterpretivism" – a division Professor Ely regards as a "false dichotomy" (p. vii). The book is brilliant and provocative, so much so that one fears less that its faults will be obscured – there is little danger that polemic critics will fail to pounce on them – than that the flash of Professor Ely's reasoning and the controversy it generates will distract us from the genuine importance of the insight that powers his analysis.
Letter To Hon. John H. Shenefield, William W. Schwarzer
Letter To Hon. John H. Shenefield, William W. Schwarzer
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
Fairness And Natural Justice In English And South African Law, Lawrence G. Baxter
Fairness And Natural Justice In English And South African Law, Lawrence G. Baxter
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
The Non-Precedential Precedent - Limited Publication And No-Citation Rules In The United States Courts Of Appeals, William L. Reynolds, William M. Richman
The Non-Precedential Precedent - Limited Publication And No-Citation Rules In The United States Courts Of Appeals, William L. Reynolds, William M. Richman
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
Judicial Overload: The Reasons And The Remedies , Maria Marcus
Judicial Overload: The Reasons And The Remedies , Maria Marcus
Faculty Scholarship
Animosity towards lawyers, perennial in our social history long before Watergate, parallels a contradictory and equally persistent belief in judges as problem-solvers for a variety of personal, economic, educational and political ills. An increasing number of litigants are bringing to the courts not only the class of disputes that has been the traditional fare of judicial decision-making, but also an array of issues that were formerly resolved in private meetings, at hospitals, in schools, or at home. The causes of this explosion of lawsuits and the possible buffers to an eventual implosion in our judicial system will be discussed below
Managing Civil Litigation: The Trial Judge's Role, William W. Schwarzer
Managing Civil Litigation: The Trial Judge's Role, William W. Schwarzer
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
The Standards' Recommendations On Dispositions: A Panel Discussion Panel Discussion, Stanley Z. Fisher
The Standards' Recommendations On Dispositions: A Panel Discussion Panel Discussion, Stanley Z. Fisher
Faculty Scholarship
ROFESSOR STANLEY FISHER, MODERATOR: Good evening. I'd like to welcome you all here. Of all of the volumes of the Juvenile Justice Standards Project, I suppose the most controversial are those dealing with the disposition stage. They have elicited a good deal of critical comment, even though they haven't yet been published, and many of the comments and criticisms have apparently been on the basis of speculation and rumor as to what the Standards actually say. We have with us tonight to discuss these Standards two persons who have a great deal of expertise in this field. The first, on …
Policy, Rights, And Judicial Decision, Kent Greenawalt
Policy, Rights, And Judicial Decision, Kent Greenawalt
Faculty Scholarship
H.L.A. Hart has rightly been recognized as the outstanding contemporary figure in Anglo-American jurisprudence. His deep insight, penetrating analysis, lucid and graceful expression, and wise judgment have illumined every subject to which he has put his hand, and all who are interested in the philosophy of law have been affected by his work. It is a special privilege for me to participate in this issue devoted to publication of his Sibley lecture, because I am one of those who have been fortunate enough to have studied under him. My early efforts were exposed to his searching, but always tactful and …
The Division Of Legal Labor In Rural Haiti, Pnina Lahav
The Division Of Legal Labor In Rural Haiti, Pnina Lahav
Faculty Scholarship
This paper explores the institutional facilities available to Haitian peasants for the settlement of their disputes. More specifically, it compares the institution of the Chef de Section - the lowest administrative appointee in the Haitian countryside and the Justice of the Peace - the lowest ranking judicial institution provided by the Haitian legal system. The paper further advances the hypothesis that at the present time there is a shift in the division of labor between the two institutions, in favor of the Justice of the Peace, and that this shift may be attributed to processes of social differentiation currently detectable …
Discretion And Judicial Decision: The Elusive Quest For The Fetters That Bind Judges, Kent Greenawalt
Discretion And Judicial Decision: The Elusive Quest For The Fetters That Bind Judges, Kent Greenawalt
Faculty Scholarship
"The Judge as a Legislator" is the subtitle of the third of Benjamin Cardozo's famous lectures on The Nature of the Judicial Process, delivered in 1921. Though emphasizing the restraints under which judges should act, Cardozo nevertheless compares the task of the judge with that of the legislator:
The choice of methods, the appraisement of values, must in the end be guided by like considerations for the one as for the other. Each indeed is legislating within the limits of his competence. No doubt the limits for the judge are narrower. He legislates only between gaps. He fills the open …
Private Use Of Public Facilities: A Comment On Gilmore V. City Of Montgomery, Larry Yackle
Private Use Of Public Facilities: A Comment On Gilmore V. City Of Montgomery, Larry Yackle
Faculty Scholarship
Perhaps the principal shortcoming of constitutional adjudication in the Supreme Court of the United States is the Court's recurrent failure to set forth principles of decision that rise above the result reached in any particular case.' The other branches of the national government, the states, the bar, and ultimately the public at large require guidance concerning the pressing constitutional issues of the day. That guidance can come only from the Supreme Court, for, to be sure, "[i]t is emphatically the province and duty of the judicial department to say what the law is."2 To the extent the Court shrinks from …
Constitutional Adjudication: The Who And When, Henry Paul Monaghan
Constitutional Adjudication: The Who And When, Henry Paul Monaghan
Faculty Scholarship
When the newly appointed Justices of the Supreme Court assembled in the Royal Exchange Building in New York for their first session on February 2, 1790, the most farsighted individual could not have foreseen what the future held for this tribunal. Now less than a generation short of its 200th anniversary, the Court is universally acknowledged to be the final and authoritative expositor of the Constitution. Yet after almost two centuries, questions concerning this power of the Court to interpret the Constitution remain. The first set of questions centers on the substantive standards for constitutional adjudication. The second, with which …
Searching For The Intent Of The Framers Of Fourteenth Amendment , Robert J. Kaczorowski
Searching For The Intent Of The Framers Of Fourteenth Amendment , Robert J. Kaczorowski
Faculty Scholarship
IN 1946 JUSTICE HUGO BLACK DECLARED that one of the objects of the fourteenth amendment was to apply the Bill of Rights to the States. He was confident that an analysis of the intent of the framers of the amendment would support his assertion. A few years later the Supreme Court requested such an investigation, but when the analysis was made and the results presented to it, the Supreme Court concluded that the framers' intent could not be determined. The uncertainty surrounding the intent of the framers of the fourteenth amendment has had profound implications on the application of that …
Chief Judge Stanley H. Fuld, Michael I. Sovern
Chief Judge Stanley H. Fuld, Michael I. Sovern
Faculty Scholarship
There were Whiz Kids before McNamara, and never more than during the tenure of the late Thomas E. Dewey as District Attorney of New York County. Only thirty-three years old when he became special prosecutor for the investigation of organized crime in New York and thirty-five when he took office as District Attorney in 1937, Dewey surrounded himself with a remarkably talented group of young lawyers. Frank Hogan, for example, was thirty-five in 1937, Charles Breitel all of twenty-eight. Stanley Howells Fuld, who had graduated from the Columbia Law School one year after the District Attorney, was thirty-four. Nine years …
Foreword: Waiver Of Constitutional Rights: Disquiet In The Citadel, Michael E. Tigar
Foreword: Waiver Of Constitutional Rights: Disquiet In The Citadel, Michael E. Tigar
Faculty Scholarship
Foreword to Harvard Law Review review of Supreme Court 1969 Term
The Governor's Private Eyes, Tamar Frankel
The Governor's Private Eyes, Tamar Frankel
Faculty Scholarship
In his inaugural speech on January 3, 1967, Florida Governor Claude Kirk declared a War on Crime. For this purpose he announced the creation of a unique War on Crime Program. Its activities were to include a Citizen's Awareness Program, but its main function was directed to the investigation of crimes. As the Program's director, the Governor appointed Mr. George Wackenhut, the president of the Wackenhut Corporation, a large private investigation firm. Mr. Wackenhut agreed to provide his services for one dollar a year; his corporation was simultaneously retained to supply the Program with the necessary administrative facilities and investigative …
Book Review, Michael E. Tigar
Book Review, William W. Van Alstyne
Book Review, William W. Van Alstyne
Faculty Scholarship
This review champions the editor’s use of Mr. Justice Black’s own opinions in showcasing his emphasis of the emancipating aspects of the Constitution. This work cautions the reader to avoid relying on this compilation as an accurate depiction of the state of the law, especially considering that most of the included opinions are dissents.