Law Commons^™

Black-Boxing The Black Flag: Anonymous Sharing Platforms And Isis Content Distribution, Teodor E. Mitew, Ahmad Shehabat

Faculty of Law, Humanities and the Arts - Papers (Archive)

The study examines three anonymous sharing portals employed strategically by the Islamic State of Iraq and Sham (ISIS) to achieve its political ends. This study argues that anonymous sharing portals such as Sendvid.com, Justpast.it, and Dump.to have been instrumental in allowing individual jihadists to generate content, disseminate propaganda and communicate freely while routing around filtering practiced by popular social media networks. The study draws on Actor Network Theory (ANT) in examining the relationship between ISIS jihadists and the emergence of anonymous sharing portals. The study suggests that, even though used prior to the massive degrading operation across social media, anonymous …

Gender Bias In Medical Images Affects Students' Implicit But Not Explicit Gender Attitudes, Rhiannon Parker, Theresa A. Larkin, Jonathan P. Cockburn

Faculty of Law, Humanities and the Arts - Papers (Archive)

Medical education curricula have the potential to impact the gender attitudes of future healthcare providers. This study investigated whether gender-biased imagery from anatomy textbooks had an effect on the implicit and explicit gender attitudes of students. We used an online experimental design in which students (N = 456; 55% female) studying anatomy were randomly assigned to a visual priming task using either gender-neutral or gender-biased images. The impact of this priming task on implicit attitudes was assessed using the Implicit Association Test (IAT) and the impact on explicit attitudes was measured using the Gender Bias in Medical Education Scale. Viewing …

Evidence-Based Campaigning, Brian Martin

Faculty of Law, Humanities and the Arts - Papers (Archive)

Background: When promoting public health measures, such as reducing smoking, there are many different approaches, for example providing information, imposing legal restrictions, taxing products, and changing cultures. By analogy with evidence-based medicine, different approaches to campaigning for health promotion can be compared by obtaining evidence of effectiveness. However, evaluating the effectiveness of campaigning approaches is far more difficult than evaluating drugs or medical procedures, because controls are seldom possible, endpoints are difficult to specify, multiple factors influence outcomes, and the targets of campaigns are people or organizations that may resist.

Methods: Ten ideal campaigning types are proposed: positive …

Corporate Social Responsibility And Workplace Casualties In Bangladesh: An Appraisal Of Islamic Principles As A Potential Solution, S M. Solaiman

Faculty of Law, Humanities and the Arts - Papers (Archive)

Bangladesh is home to around 6,000 garment factories, which make the industry the second largest apparel manufacturer in the world just behind China. The garment industry as a single sector adds the highest amount of foreign currency1 to the gross domestic products (GDP) of the country.2 This sector alone earned more than US$24 billion out of the total export revenue of US$30.17 billion of Bangladesh in the fiscal year 2013-14.3 However, a Harvard conference lately reveals that India has surpassed Bangladesh by occupying the second position in the aftermath of the recent fatalities in the garment industry that appear to …

Some Implications Of High Biodiversity For Management Of Tropical Marine Ecosystems-An Australian Perspective, Richard Kenchington, Pat Hutchings

Faculty of Law, Humanities and the Arts - Papers (Archive)

While high biodiversity has been widely reported from the tropics, we suggest that in reality there is a considerable underestimate of the total biodiversity. We have concentrated on the tropical regions of Australia and the Coral Triangle. The best known groups are the corals, fish, and commercially important invertebrates. In considering whether this is true, we have concentrated on the diversity of benthic communities and water column communities which are poorly known. Yet at the bottom of the food chain these communities are highly dynamic and susceptible to the anthropogenic changes that are occurring with the rapid development in this …

A Record 29,000 Mexicans Were Murdered Last Year - Can Soldiers Stop The Bloodshed?, Luis Gomez Romero

Faculty of Law, Humanities and the Arts - Papers (Archive)

Exactly 234,966 people have died in Mexico's 11-year drug war. Now the government wants to deploy soldiers to criminal hot spots, a move many fear will just increase violence and weaken the police.

Mexico Seeks To Become 'Country Of Refuge' As Us Cracks Down On Migrants, Luis Gomez Romero

Faculty of Law, Humanities and the Arts - Papers (Archive)

Trump's anti-immigrant policies are leading more Central Americans to stay put in Mexico. Mexico's presidential candidates have a lot to say about that, and none of it involves mass deportations.

Massacres, Disappearances And 1968: Mexicans Remember The Victims Of A 'Perfect Dictatorship', Luis Gomez Romero

Faculty of Law, Humanities and the Arts - Papers (Archive)

Fifty years ago, soldiers gunned down hundreds of student protesters in a Mexico City plaza. It was neither the first nor the last time Mexico's army would be deployed against its own citizens.

Firm Performance And Market Behaviour: The Scholarship Of David Merrett, Simon Ville

Faculty of Law, Humanities and the Arts - Papers (Archive)

David Merrett's academic career as an economic historian began in the 1960s as a teaching fellow and master of economics candidate at Monash University. The social sciences were experiencing their postwar expansion (Macintyre, 2010); economic history was as an important component of this growth with an array of subjects offered, new appointments made, and a recently established (1967) specialist journal, the Australian Economic History Review. This was an exciting time to commence a career as an economic historian in Australia.

Implementing The Guiding Principles At The Domestic Level, Philip C. Orchard

Faculty of Law, Humanities and the Arts - Papers (Archive)

Examples from a number of States who have successfully implemented their own IDP laws and policies reveal several factors that can assist effective implementation.

Dozens Of Migrants Disappear In Mexico As Central American Caravan Pushes Northward, Luis Gomez Romero

Faculty of Law, Humanities and the Arts - Papers (Archive)

Two trucks carrying migrants have gone missing in Veracruz, Mexico. A witness says that '65 children and seven women were sold' to a band of armed men. Other caravan members have reached the border.

López Obrador Takes Power In Mexico After An Unstable Transition And Broken Campaign Promises, Luis Gomez Romero

Faculty of Law, Humanities and the Arts - Papers (Archive)

Mexicans want leftist Andrés Manuel López Obrador to transform the country. But the months leading up to his inauguration sent worrying signs about how he he will use the massive power of his office.

'Six O'Clock Is Late Enough': The 1947 New South Wales Liquor Referendum, Lauren Samuelsson

Faculty of Law, Humanities and the Arts - Papers (Archive)

This article considers the outcome of the controversial 1947 New South Wales liquor referendum. As part of proposed reforms to liquor legislation, the New South Wales government asked the people to decide whether evening trading hours for hotel bars should be extended from six o'clock to either nine or ten o'clock. Early closing was retained with a significant majority, despite widespread recognition that early closing had created a problematic binge-drinking culture. Drawing on newspaper articles, letters to the editor, advertisements, trade journals, parliamentary records and temperance literature, this article will examine why there was such extensive public support for six …

The Integrated Structure Of Consciousness: Phenomenal Content, Subjective Attitude, And Noetic Complex, Katsunori Miyahara, Olaf Witkowski

Faculty of Law, Humanities and the Arts - Papers (Archive)

We explore the integrated structure (or the unity) of consciousness by examining the "phenomenological axioms" of the "integrated information theory of consciousness (IIT)" from the perspective of Husserlian phenomenology. After clarifying the notion of phenomenological axioms by drawing on resources from Edmund Husserl and Maurice Merleau-Ponty (Section 1), we develop a critique of the integration axiom by drawing on phenomenological analyses developed by Aron Gurwitsch and Merleau-Ponty (Section 2 & 3). This axiom is ambiguous. It can be read either atomistically as claiming that the phenomenal content of conscious experience is an integrated complex and holistically as claiming that it …

Decentering The Brain: Embodied Cognition And The Critique Of Neurocentrism And Narrow-Minded Philosophy Of Mind, Shaun Gallagher

Faculty of Law, Humanities and the Arts - Papers (Archive)

Context: Challenges by embodied, enactive, extended and ecological approaches to cognition have provided good reasons to shift away from neurocentric theories.

Problem: Classic cognitivist accounts tend towards internalism, representationalism and methodological individualism. Such accounts not only picture the brain as the central and almost exclusive mechanism of cognition, they also conceive of brain function in terms that ignore the dynamical relations among brain, body and environment.

Method: I review four areas of research (perception, action/ agency, self, social cognition) where enactivist accounts have shown alternative ways of thinking about the brain.

Results: Taken together, such analyses …

What's In A Hashtag? Vulnerability As A Transformative Disposition Within Social Media, Cassandra E. Sharp

Faculty of Law, Humanities and the Arts - Papers (Archive)

This article focuses on the disposition of vulnerability as expressed within social media using hashtags. It argues that individuals use and facilitate emotion within social media narratives to frame and contextualise normative expectations of the legal system; and that these stories collectively create one narrative of transformative vulnerability. In particular, the author argues that in times of crisis, vulnerability is constituted and maintained through the prism of fear perpetuated in social media narratives. Yet, at the same time, these narratives also contain within them the blueprints for hope - through narratives of solidarity and unity - resistance to fear is …

#Vulnerability - Expectations Of Justice Through Accounts Of Terror On Twitter, Cassandra E. Sharp

Faculty of Law, Humanities and the Arts - Papers (Archive)

There is little doubt that new digital technologies have performed a dynamic function in transforming culture, both positively and negatively. In an increasingly networked world, social media platforms have not just transformed the way individuals communicate, but they have also amplified and intensified the way they interpret, critique and legitimise the achievement of law and justice within communities. Law now finds expression, facilitation and transformation in emerging digital media platforms and it is important to reflect on and explore the performance of social media in its role of challenging and transforming expectations of law and justice.

The Australian And Antarctic Perspective On Global Ocean Governance, Robin M. Warner

Faculty of Law, Humanities and the Arts - Papers (Archive)

Australia with its lengthy coastline, vast maritime jurisdiction, and multiple offshore territories undoubtedly fits the description of a maritime nation with an important stake in global ocean governance. It is surrounded on all sides by oceans and seas including the world's largest ocean, the Pacific Ocean, the Indian Ocean, the Southern Ocean, the Tasman Sea, the Coral Sea, the Timar Sea, and the Arafura Sea. There are abundant living and non-living resources in Australia's coastal and marine areas many of which are largely untapped. Maritime security is a prominent concern for Australia given its geographic position to the south of …

Food Security In Solomon Islands: A Survey Of Honiara Central Market: Preliminary Report, Nichole Georgeou, Charles Hawksley, James Monks, Anouk Ride, Melinda Ki'i, Liesje Barrett

Faculty of Law, Humanities and the Arts - Papers (Archive)

The Honiara Central Market (HCM) is the largest fresh produce market in Solomon Islands. Understanding the interactions taking place at HCM between rural farmers and urban consumers is important both for rural producers who sell their produce to create wealth, and for urban residents who need fresh food. This study focuses on the HCM and examines the factors that affect linkages between rural smallholders and urban consumers of fresh produce. The findings of the study will contribute to public policy formation in Solomon Islands on future food supply and food security needs by identifying potential areas where stakeholders (i.e. Solomon …

Unraveling The Blue Paradox: Incomplete Analysis Yields Incorrect Conclusions About Phoenix Islands Protected Area Closure, Quentin A. Hanich, Randi Rotjan, Transform Aqorau, Megan Bailey, Brooke M. Campbell, Noella Gray, Rebecca Gruby, John Hampton, Yoshitaka Ota, Hannah Parris, Chris Reid, Rashid Sumaila, Wilf Swartz

Faculty of Law, Humanities and the Arts - Papers (Archive)

In PNAS, McDermott et al. (1) analyze a 2014-2016 central Pacific fishing surge, focusing on the Phoenix Islands Protected Area (PIPA) inside the Kiribati exclusive economic zone (EEZ). The authors incorrectly attribute the surge to the anticipated industrial fishing closure of PIPA and describe the phenomenon as a blue paradox (i.e., an unintended negative consequence of a conservation policy). However, a broader analysis demonstrates that this surge was unrelated to the closure of PIPA and was due to a strong El Ni~no event that created a fishing surge across multiple EEZs and high seas, not just PIPA (2).

Sociodemographic Variation In Consumption Patterns Of Sustainable And Nutritious Seafood In Australia, Anna K. Farmery, Gilly Hendrie, Gabrielle M. O'Kane, Alexandra Mcmanus, Bridget S. Green

Faculty of Law, Humanities and the Arts - Papers (Archive)

National dietary guidelines (DGs) consistently recommend consuming seafood for health benefits, however, the sustainability of increasing seafood consumption is often challenged. Seafood products vary in environmental performance as well as health benefits, yet there is no information integrating the health and ecological impacts of different seafood choices. The first step in optimising improved health and environmental outcomes is to examine more closely the types of seafood being consumed at population and individual levels, to develop the means to increase the intake of seafood that is optimal for human health and the environment. The purpose of this analysis was to better …

Educating The Right Stuff: Lessons In Enactivist Learning, Shaun Gallagher

Faculty of Law, Humanities and the Arts - Papers (Archive)

On an enactivist conception of cognition, the unit of explanation is not just the brain, not just the body, and not just the environment, but the body-brain-environment understood as a dynamically coupled structure or gestalt. On this view, referencing Viktor von Weizsäcker's metaphor of the gestalt circle (Gestaltkreis), the brain is not in the center of a circle issuing radial commands to elements on the circumference; rather, it is one element on that circumference, along with body and environment. Taking this idea into the educational context implies that one can intervene at any point on the circle to get results. …

Can Women Share The Honour When Honour Has Historically Kept Women Away From Frontline Combat?, Sharon Crozier-De Rosa

Faculty of Law, Humanities and the Arts - Papers (Archive)

On Anzac Day, a day when many of my colleagues will be writing about the crucial issue of the place of indigenous Australians in commemorations of war, I will reflect on another issue, the role of gender in war. In particular, I will look at how emotional regimes, specifically honour codes, have been constructed to keep women away from frontline combat.

To Shame Or Not To Shame-That Is The Sanitation Question, Myles Bateman, Susan N. Engel

Faculty of Law, Humanities and the Arts - Papers (Archive)

The Community-Led Total Sanitation (CLTS) programme aims to end open defecation through facilitating activities that evoke a sense of shame, shock and disgust. The programme's initial success and low-cost design has seen it become hegemonic in donor-supported rural sanitation. However, the theoretical basis of the use of shame has not been critically evaluated. Supporters claim that shame helps form and maintain social relationships, yet contemporary psychosocial literature highlights that it is a volatile and often harmful emotion, particularly in conditions of poverty. Using a case study of Cambodia, which rejected the coercive elements of shame in CLTS, we explore the …