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2016

Chemistry

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Articles 1 - 30 of 51

Full-Text Articles in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology

Hydrogen Evolution Properties On Individual Mos2 Nanosheets, Yu Gao, Juan Zhou, Yu-Wen Liu, Sheng-Li Chen Dec 2016

Hydrogen Evolution Properties On Individual Mos2 Nanosheets, Yu Gao, Juan Zhou, Yu-Wen Liu, Sheng-Li Chen

Journal of Electrochemistry

Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) has been acknowledged to play important roles in hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) for hydrogen energy technology. Both computational and experimental results have suggested that the promising catalytic activity of MoS2 for the HER could be attributed to the sulfur edges of two-dimensional nanosheets, while their basal planes were catalytically inert. In order to verify this conclusion, we prepared single MoS2 sheet electrodes which were made of individual MoS2 sheets attached on the self-assembly monolayers (SAM) of SH(CH2)15COOH at Au ultramicroelectrodes (Au/SAM/MoS2). The single MoS2 sheet …

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Investigation On Laser Induced Deposition Of Cu-Based Materials At [Bmim]Bf4/Pt Electrode Interface, Min-Min Xu, Jin-Hua Mei, Jian-Lin Yao, Ren-Ao Gu Dec 2016

Investigation On Laser Induced Deposition Of Cu-Based Materials At [Bmim]Bf4/Pt Electrode Interface, Min-Min Xu, Jin-Hua Mei, Jian-Lin Yao, Ren-Ao Gu

Journal of Electrochemistry

By controlling the negative potential, Cu-based materials were deposited at the [BMIm]BF4/Pt electrode interface under the laser irradiation. The effects of laser power and irradiation time on the yield of deposition products were studied by using different laser powers and different irradiation time. The product yield could be directly determined by the size of deposition point through the observation from the optical microscope. Further mechanism study combined with the formula deduced that the thermal effect of the laser could make the electrode surface temperature rise 110 degrees, which can promote the occurrence of electrodeposition. By SEM characterization, the …

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Synthesis Of Ultrathin Co3O4 Nanoflakes Film Material For Electrochemical Sensing, Hui-Juan Wang Dec 2016

Synthesis Of Ultrathin Co3O4 Nanoflakes Film Material For Electrochemical Sensing, Hui-Juan Wang

Journal of Electrochemistry

Ultrathin cobalt oxide (Co3O4 ) nanoflakes film material was synthesized by using an electro-deposited cobalt layer as a raw material through a simple oxidation method and followed by a heat treatment at 350 oC. The physical characterizations of the Co3O4 nanoflakes film were performed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) technologies, and the electrochemical activity was measured by cyclic voltammetry (CV). As a promising material for electrochemical sensing, the as-synthesized ultrathin Co3O4 nanoflakes film material exhibited excellent electrochemical activity for H2O …

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Lithium-Sulfur (Selenium) Batteries: Interface Issues And Solving Strategies, Nian-Wu Li, Ya-Xia Yin, Yu-Guo Guo Dec 2016

Lithium-Sulfur (Selenium) Batteries: Interface Issues And Solving Strategies, Nian-Wu Li, Ya-Xia Yin, Yu-Guo Guo

Journal of Electrochemistry

The stable interface is still a challenge for lithium-sulfur (selenium) batteries because of the low conductivity of sulfur (selenium), dissolution of polysulfide (polyselenide), volume expansion of sulfur (selenium), and lithium dendrite growth. This review describers some recent developments in lithium-sulfur (selenium) batteries and highlights our efforts in this field. The possible strategies for building stable interface in the lithium-sulfur (selenium) batteries including nano-restriction effect, chemical bonding, interface adsorption, surface coating, electrolyte optimization, and Lithium anode treatment have been discussed.

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Stm Investigation Of Oxygen Reduction Reaction On Solid Interface In Fuel Cell, Zhen-Feng Cai, Bing Sun, Wen-Jie Jiang, Ting Chen, Dong Wang, Li-Jun Wan Dec 2016

Stm Investigation Of Oxygen Reduction Reaction On Solid Interface In Fuel Cell, Zhen-Feng Cai, Bing Sun, Wen-Jie Jiang, Ting Chen, Dong Wang, Li-Jun Wan

Journal of Electrochemistry

An electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is an important component for fuel cells. An investigation at interfacial electrochemical reactions toward ORR at a molecular scale benefits mechanistic understanding as well as rational design of catalysts. Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) has been proven to be a powerful tool to monitor chemical reactions and to provide in-situ information about the interfacial electrochemical reactions at a molecular level. This review summarizes the recent STM studies in monitoring the interface processes such as morphological changes, molecular changes, reaction intermediates, and oxidation products. The prospects of future development in this field are outlined.

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Syntheses Of Ag@Pd@Pt Nanoparticles With Tunable Shell Thickness For Electrochemical Oxidation Of Formic Acid, Xiao-Dong Lin, Du-Hong Chen, Zhong-Qun Tian Dec 2016

Syntheses Of Ag@Pd@Pt Nanoparticles With Tunable Shell Thickness For Electrochemical Oxidation Of Formic Acid, Xiao-Dong Lin, Du-Hong Chen, Zhong-Qun Tian

Journal of Electrochemistry

In an effort to lower cost of a catalyst, the silver (Ag) core with palladium (Pd) layer then platinum (Pt) island (Ag@Pd@Pt) nanoparticles were synthesized and the electrocatalytic activity of Ag@Pd@Pt nanoparticles on formic acid was compared with that of Au@Pd@Pt nanoparticles reported previously. The results showed that the existence of a small amount of Pt could significantly improve the activity of the catalyst. When the surface coverage of Pt approached 0.5 monolayers, the activity of Ag@Pd@Pt nanoparticles reached the maximum. Though the onset potential of the electro-oxidation was slightly more positive (about 50 mV), the overall electrocatalytic activity of …

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An Stm Study On The Structure Of Pt(100)/Ionic Liquid Omipf6 Interface, Jin Peng, Mian-Gang Li, Li-Qiang Xie, Jia-Wei Yan, Bing-Wei Mao Dec 2016

An Stm Study On The Structure Of Pt(100)/Ionic Liquid Omipf6 Interface, Jin Peng, Mian-Gang Li, Li-Qiang Xie, Jia-Wei Yan, Bing-Wei Mao

Journal of Electrochemistry

Potential-dependent structures of Pt(100)/ionic liquid 1-methyl-3-octylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (OMIPF6) interface have been studied by electrochemical scanning tunneling microscopy (ECSTM). The cation OMI+ forms ordered structure on Pt(100) surface, which exists in a potential region of about 1.2 V. When the potential is more negative than -0.6 V, it can be seen that the ordered structure transforms to disordered structure. When the potential shifts positively to +0.6 V, the desorption of cations OMI+ occurs, which indicates that strong electrostatic repulsion is needed to overcome chemical interaction between OMIPF6 and Pt(100) surface, leading to the desorption. The above results …

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Micro/Nano-Structured Electrode Materials For Sodium-Ion Batteries, Shuang Yuan, Yun-Hai Zhu, Sai Wang, Tao Sun, Xin-Bo Zhang, Qiang Wang Oct 2016

Micro/Nano-Structured Electrode Materials For Sodium-Ion Batteries, Shuang Yuan, Yun-Hai Zhu, Sai Wang, Tao Sun, Xin-Bo Zhang, Qiang Wang

Journal of Electrochemistry

Sodium has similar physics and chemical properties to lithium, alternatively, sodium (Na)-ion batteries have again aroused a great deal of interest recently, particularly for large-scale stationary energy storage applications due to the practically infinite sodium resources and low cost. However, the technics and materials for Na-ion batteries are immature. Therefore, development of advanced anode and cathode materials for Na-ion batteries is urgently desired but remains a great challenge. This paper briefly reviews some recent progresses in this field, addressing the morphology effects, as well as functions of carbon composite materials toward Na-ion batteries. Several electrode materials with micro/nano-structures based on …

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Construction And Sodium Storage Performance Of Complex One-Dimensional Nanomaterials, Yuan-Jie Zhang, Wei Li, Xuan-Peng Wang, Chao-Jiang Niu, Li-Qiang Mai Oct 2016

Construction And Sodium Storage Performance Of Complex One-Dimensional Nanomaterials, Yuan-Jie Zhang, Wei Li, Xuan-Peng Wang, Chao-Jiang Niu, Li-Qiang Mai

Journal of Electrochemistry

Abstract: One-dimensional nanomaterials have been widely studied in energy storage and conversion fields because of their unique structure and physicochemical properties. Sodium-ion batteries are highly promising and attractive for large-scale energy storage due to the truly abundant sodium resources and low cost. With the growing demand of energy and deepening of research, the evolution of structures and properties of one-dimensional nanomaterials are also experiencing from simplicity to complexity and from ordinary to excellence. Therefore, constructing complex superior one-dimensional nanomaterials has become one of the hotspot in energy storage. Based on the new advance in this field and Mai group’s work, …

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Template-Assisted Hydrothermal Synthesis Of Nio@Co3O4 Hollow Spheres With Hierarchical Porous Surfaces For Supercapacitor Applications, Wen Zhou, Xue-Feng Lu, Ming-Mei Wu, Gao-Ren Li Oct 2016

Template-Assisted Hydrothermal Synthesis Of Nio@Co3O4 Hollow Spheres With Hierarchical Porous Surfaces For Supercapacitor Applications, Wen Zhou, Xue-Feng Lu, Ming-Mei Wu, Gao-Ren Li

Journal of Electrochemistry

Hollow structures have shown great potentials in a variety of important applications, such as energy conversion and storage. In order to further enhance the performance, the rational design of hollow structures with higher complexity in terms of composition and structure is highly desirable and still remains a great challenge. In this work, an efficient strategy was established for the fabrication of novel NiO@Co3O4 hollow spheres (HSs) with hierarchical porous surfaces by silica spheres template-assisted hydrothermal synthesis. The as-fabricated NiO@Co3O4 HSs showed high specific surface area of 219.68 m2·g-1, and significant …

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The Study Of Dynamical Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy For Oxygen Reduction Reaction On Pt/C Catalyst, Kun-Ming Shi, Jian-Wei Guo, Jia Wang Oct 2016

The Study Of Dynamical Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy For Oxygen Reduction Reaction On Pt/C Catalyst, Kun-Ming Shi, Jian-Wei Guo, Jia Wang

Journal of Electrochemistry

With joint techniques of rotating disc electrode(RDE) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS), and further establishment on equivalent circuit model, this paper studied oxygen reduction reaction(ORR) on commercial Pt/C catalyst in acid medium. Our results found that the dynamical interface on Pt/C consists of two independent processes: 1) the PtO reduction from Pt surface, 2) the new PtO formation from ORR, thus providing key clues for catalyst stability and activity. This also implied that the dynamical interface facilitates reconstruction for porous electrode, and matches with mass transfer. One important issue is discovered that at high overpotential, the high reaction rate for ORR …

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Evolution From The Plasmon To Exciton State In Ligand-Protected Atomically Precise Gold Nanoparticles, Meng Zhou, Chenjie Zeng, Yuxiang Chen, Shuo Zhao, Matthew Y. Sfeir, Manzhou Zhu, Rongchao Jin Oct 2016

Evolution From The Plasmon To Exciton State In Ligand-Protected Atomically Precise Gold Nanoparticles, Meng Zhou, Chenjie Zeng, Yuxiang Chen, Shuo Zhao, Matthew Y. Sfeir, Manzhou Zhu, Rongchao Jin

Publications and Research

The evolution from the metallic (or plasmonic) to molecular state in metal nanoparticles constitutes a central question in nanoscience research because of its importance in revealing the origin of metallic bonding and offering fundamental insights into the birth of surface plasmon resonance. Previous research has not been able to probe the transition due to the unavailability of atomically precise nanoparticles in the 1-3 nm size regime. Herein, we investigate the transition by performing ultrafast spectroscopic studies on atomically precise thiolate-protected Au25, Au38, Au144, Au333, Au∼520 and Au∼940 nanoparticles. Our results …

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Metal-Organic Hybrid Nanocomposites For Energy Harvesting Applications, Thulitha Madawa Abeywickrama Oct 2016

Metal-Organic Hybrid Nanocomposites For Energy Harvesting Applications, Thulitha Madawa Abeywickrama

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Various synthetic methods have been developed to produce metal nanostructures including copper and iron nanostructures. Modification of nanoparticle surface to enhance their characteristic properties through surface functionalization with organic ligands ranging from small molecules to polymeric materials including organic semiconducting polymers is a key interest in nanoscience. However, most of the synthetic methods developed in the past depend widely on non-aqueous solvents, toxic reducing agents, and high temperature and high-pressure conditions. Therefore, to produce metal nanostructures and their nanocomposites with a simpler and greener method is indeed necessary and desirable for their nano-scale applications. Hence the objective of this thesis …

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Hydraulic And Electrokinetic Delivery Of Remediants For In-Situ Remediation, Ahmed I. A. Chowdhury Sep 2016

Hydraulic And Electrokinetic Delivery Of Remediants For In-Situ Remediation, Ahmed I. A. Chowdhury

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Nano-scale zero valent iron (nZVI) has shown promising mobility and in-situ reactivity with chlorinated volatile organic compounds when injected into saturated porous media. The current study evaluated nZVI mobility and subsequent reactivity with in-situ contaminants in a variably saturated porous media. The nZVI particles, synthesized onsite at subzero temperatures, demonstrated complete trichloroethene (TCE) degradation within the target area. Furthermore, a three dimensional finite difference model (CompSim) was utilized to investigate nZVI mobility in variably saturated zones. Model predicted well head data were in very good agreement with field observations. Simulation results showed that the injected slurry migrated radially outward from …

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Activation Effect Of Nano-Carbon Derived From Co2 On Lead Electrode In Sulfuric Aqueous Solution, Yu-Qiao Song, Hua Zhu, Guang-Jin Zhao, Wen-Long Wu, Shou-Bin Zhou, Di-Hua Wang Aug 2016

Activation Effect Of Nano-Carbon Derived From Co2 On Lead Electrode In Sulfuric Aqueous Solution, Yu-Qiao Song, Hua Zhu, Guang-Jin Zhao, Wen-Long Wu, Shou-Bin Zhou, Di-Hua Wang

Journal of Electrochemistry

Serious sulfation of the negative plate is one of the most popular reasons of the early failure of lead-acid battery. Addition of nano-carbon was proved to be effective for recovering the sulfated electrode and the property of the carbon material always plays an important role. In this work, a new kind of nano-carbon material with high electrical conductivity and good adsorption capability for heavy metal cations, which is electrochemically prepared from CO2 in molten carbonates, was tested as activation additive for the sulfated lead electrode by cyclic voltammetry and SEM measurements. The results showed that the as-prepared carbon can …

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Preparations And Photoelectrochemical Properties Of Phosphate Modified Rgo-Biobr Nanocomposites, Shuang-Ying Chen, Zhi-Jun Li, Xu-Liang Zhang, Kang Hu, Rui Yan, Li-Qiang Jing Aug 2016

Preparations And Photoelectrochemical Properties Of Phosphate Modified Rgo-Biobr Nanocomposites, Shuang-Ying Chen, Zhi-Jun Li, Xu-Liang Zhang, Kang Hu, Rui Yan, Li-Qiang Jing

Journal of Electrochemistry

The RGO-BiOBr nanocomposites have been successfully synthesized by a hydrothermal process, and then modified with phosphorous acids. The photoelectrochemical properties of the fabricated RGO-BiOBr nanocomposite films were studied. The results indicate that the photocurrent densities of RGO-BiOBr were much larger compared with those of the bare BiOBr, and interestingly, the photocurrent densities were further improved after phosphate modification. Based on the analyses of the produced hydroxyl radical amounts, the enhanced photocurrent densities could be attributed to the introduction of RGO and to the formed negative fields of modified phosphate groups, which are favorable for electrons to be transferred and for …

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WoX/Pedot:Pss Double-Layered Hole-Transport Layers For Efficient And Stable Planar Heterojunction Perovskite Solar Cells, Wen-Yuan Qiao, Qiang Guo, Cong Li, Shuang Ma, Fu-Zhi Wang, Song-Yuan Dai, Zhan-Ao Tan Aug 2016

WoX/Pedot:Pss Double-Layered Hole-Transport Layers For Efficient And Stable Planar Heterojunction Perovskite Solar Cells, Wen-Yuan Qiao, Qiang Guo, Cong Li, Shuang Ma, Fu-Zhi Wang, Song-Yuan Dai, Zhan-Ao Tan

Journal of Electrochemistry

Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) is a commonly used hole-transport material in the perovskite solar cells (PerSCs) structure of perovskite/fullerene planer heterojunction, but it also has a negative effect on the stability of device because of its acidity which will corrode metal oxide transparent electrodes. In this work, a WOx hole-transport layer with high work function was inserted into the PEDOT: PSS and FTO to enhance the stability and photovoltaic performance. The inserted WOx layer not only can avoid direct contact between PEDOT:PSS and FTO, but also can further reduce the contact barrier between the electrode interface. We studied the effect …

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Assembly Of Nucleic Acid-Based Nanoparticles By Gas-Liquid Segmented Flow Microfluidics, Matthew L. Capek, Ross Verheul, David H. Thompson Aug 2016

Assembly Of Nucleic Acid-Based Nanoparticles By Gas-Liquid Segmented Flow Microfluidics, Matthew L. Capek, Ross Verheul, David H. Thompson

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

The development of novel and efficient mixing methods is important for optimizing the efficiency of many biological and chemical processes. Tuning the physical and performance properties of nucleic acid-based nanoparticles is one such example known to be strongly affected by mixing efficiency. The characteristics of DNA nanoparticles (such as size, polydispersity, ζ-potential, and gel shift) are important to ensure their therapeutic potency, and new methods to optimize these characteristics are of significant importance to achieve the highest efficacy. In the present study, a simple segmented flow microfluidics system has been developed to augment mixing of pDNA/bPEI nanoparticles. This DNA and …

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Expanding The Versatility Of Nano Assembled Capsules As Platform Of Potential High Payload Mri Contrast Agents, Annah Farashishiko Jul 2016

Expanding The Versatility Of Nano Assembled Capsules As Platform Of Potential High Payload Mri Contrast Agents, Annah Farashishiko

Dissertations and Theses

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become a powerful clinical modality in diagnostic medicine. It is non-invasive and offers high spatial and temporal resolution. The goal of molecular imaging is to reveal the pathophysiology underlying the observed anatomy and diagnose diseases. The detection of pathological biomarkers can lead to early recognition of diseases and improved monitoring for recurrence. Clinically available contrast agents are limited in their discrimination of contrast between tissues and they tend to have very high detection limits. Because biomarkers are very low in concentration there is a need for high payload deposition of contrast agent (CA) and targeted …

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Predictive Coupled-Cluster Isomer Orderings For Some SiNCM (M, N ≤ 12) Clusters: A Pragmatic Comparison Between Dft And Complete Basis Limit Coupled-Cluster Benchmarks, Jason N. Byrd, Jesse J. Lutz, Duminda S. Ranasinghe, Yifan Jin, Ajith Perera, Xiaofeng F. Duan, Larry W. Burggraf, John A. Montgomery Jr. Jul 2016

Predictive Coupled-Cluster Isomer Orderings For Some SiNCM (M, N ≤ 12) Clusters: A Pragmatic Comparison Between Dft And Complete Basis Limit Coupled-Cluster Benchmarks, Jason N. Byrd, Jesse J. Lutz, Duminda S. Ranasinghe, Yifan Jin, Ajith Perera, Xiaofeng F. Duan, Larry W. Burggraf, John A. Montgomery Jr.

Faculty Publications

The accurate determination of the preferred Si12C12 isomer is important to guide experimental efforts directed towards synthesizing SiC nano-wires and related polymer structures which are anticipated to be highly efficient exciton materials for opto-electronic devices. In order to definitively identify preferred isomeric structures for silicon carbon nano-clusters, highly accurate geometries, energies and harmonic zero point energies have been computed using coupled-cluster theory with systematic extrapolation to the complete basis limit for set of silicon carbon clusters ranging in size from SiC3 to Si12C12. It is found that post-MBPT(2) correlation energy plays a …

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Electrospinning Of Polymeric Solutions Using Opuntia Ficus-Indica Mucilage And Iron Oxide For Nanofiber Membranes For Treating Arsenic Contaminated Water, Venkatesh Eppili Jun 2016

Electrospinning Of Polymeric Solutions Using Opuntia Ficus-Indica Mucilage And Iron Oxide For Nanofiber Membranes For Treating Arsenic Contaminated Water, Venkatesh Eppili

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Water is the essential part of every organism and it is also a vital constituent of healthy living and diet. Unfortunately water contamination over the past decade has increased dramatically leading to various diseases. As technology advances, we are detecting many pollutants at smaller levels of concentrations. Arsenic (As) is one of those major pollutants, and Arsenic poisoning is a condition caused due to excess levels of arsenic in the body. The main basis for Arsenic poisoning is from ground water which naturally contains high concentrations of arsenic. A case study from 2007 states that over 137 million people in …

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Uniform Nanoshells For Functional Materials：Constructions And Applications, Shu-Yi Duan, Wei Zhang, Jun-Yu Piao, An-Min Cao, Li-Jun Wan Jun 2016

Uniform Nanoshells For Functional Materials：Constructions And Applications, Shu-Yi Duan, Wei Zhang, Jun-Yu Piao, An-Min Cao, Li-Jun Wan

Journal of Electrochemistry

As a significant protocol for materials treatment, surface modification has found broad applications in different fields including catalyst, photochemistry, and electrochemistry. Herein, we introduced the representative synthetic methodologies for the constructions of different functional materials with a focus on their core-shell structures. By taking the electrode materials in lithium ion batteries as an example, we demonstrated the importance of surface modification on the electrode materials. Different coating materials ranging from metal oxides, metal phosphates to carbon have been discussed. We also showed that an accurate control on the surface layer can be crucial for optimizing the electrochemical performances of the …

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Electrochemical And In Situ X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure Study Of Li-Rich Cathode Materials, Meng-Yan Hou, Hong-Liang Bao, Ke Wang, Jian-Qiang Wang, Yong-Yao Xia Jun 2016

Electrochemical And In Situ X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure Study Of Li-Rich Cathode Materials, Meng-Yan Hou, Hong-Liang Bao, Ke Wang, Jian-Qiang Wang, Yong-Yao Xia

Journal of Electrochemistry

A series of the lithium-rich and manganese-based layered structure xLi2MnO3•(1-x)LiMn1/3Ni1/3Co1/3O2 (x = 0.3，0.5，0.7) materials were synthesized by a co-precipitation method, and followed by a solid-state reaction process. By comparing the first cycle efficiency, the reversible discharge capacity, the cycling stability and the voltage decay during the charge/discharge cycling process, the material with the composition of 0.5Li2MnO3•0.5LiMn1/3Ni1/3Co1/3O2was found to show the best electrochemical performance. The lithium storage mechanism and thermal stability of the de-lithiated compound were also investigated …

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Electrochemiluminescence Immunosensor Based On Platinum Nanoparticles For The Determination Of Apolipoprotein A1, Liao Ni, Zhuo Ying, Yuan Ruo Jun 2016

Electrochemiluminescence Immunosensor Based On Platinum Nanoparticles For The Determination Of Apolipoprotein A1, Liao Ni, Zhuo Ying, Yuan Ruo

Journal of Electrochemistry

In this paper, a novel electrochemiluminescence (ECL) immunosensor for the detection of apolipoprotein A1 was constructed based on flower-like platinum nanoparticles (PtNFs) via a one-pot chemical synthesis method. The PtNFs was used to immobilize the secondary antibody and enzyme (GOD). Then the prepared bioconjugates were introduced onto the electrode via sandwich immunoreactions. Accordingly, the ECL luminophore peroxydisulfate (S2O82- ) was presented in the working buffer solution containing an appropriate amount of glucose. Through the ECL responses of S2O82- and O2, a dramatically amplified ECL signal was obtained for the reason …

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Enhanced Adhesion Of Superhydrophobic Zno Surface, Liqiu Zheng Dr., Chan Kwaichow B. May 2016

Enhanced Adhesion Of Superhydrophobic Zno Surface, Liqiu Zheng Dr., Chan Kwaichow B.

Georgia Journal of Science

The superhydrophobicity and the strong solid-liquid adhesion of the dually structured ZnO surface are attributed to the suitable size of microstructure and nanostructure. This phenomenon, so different from the Lotus effect, can be called the Petal effect— the super hydrophobicity and the enhanced solid-liquid adhesion coexist on the same surface. The Cassie impregnating model was proposed to understand the underlying reason.

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Light-Activated Photocurrent Degradation And Self-Healing In Perovskite Solar Cells, Wanyi Nie, Jean-Christophe Blancon, Amanda J. Neukirch, Kannatassen Appavoo, Hsinhan Tsai, Manish Chhowalla, Muhammad A. Alam, Matthew Y. Sfeir, Claudine Katan, Jacky Even, Sergei Tretiak, Jared J. Crochet, Gautam Gupta, Aditya D. Mohite May 2016

Light-Activated Photocurrent Degradation And Self-Healing In Perovskite Solar Cells, Wanyi Nie, Jean-Christophe Blancon, Amanda J. Neukirch, Kannatassen Appavoo, Hsinhan Tsai, Manish Chhowalla, Muhammad A. Alam, Matthew Y. Sfeir, Claudine Katan, Jacky Even, Sergei Tretiak, Jared J. Crochet, Gautam Gupta, Aditya D. Mohite

Publications and Research

Solution-processed organometallic perovskite solar cells have emerged as one of the most promising thin-film photovoltaic technology. However, a key challenge is their lack of stability over prolonged solar irradiation. Few studies have investigated the effect of light soaking on hybrid perovskites and have attributed the degradation in the optoelectronic properties to photochemical or field-assisted ion migration. Here we show that the slow photocurrent degradation in thin-film photovoltaic devices is due to the formation of light-activated meta-stable deep-level trap states. However, the devices can self-heal completely by resting them in the dark for <1 min or the degradation can be completely prevented by operating the devices at 0°C. We investigate several physical mechanisms to explain the microscopic origin for the formation of these trap states, among which the creation of small polaronic states involving localized cooperative lattice strain and molecular orientations emerges as a credible microscopic mechanism requiring further detailed studies.

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Direct Band Gap Gallium Antimonide Phosphide (Gasbxp1-X) For Solar Fuels., Harry Benjamin Russell May 2016

Direct Band Gap Gallium Antimonide Phosphide (Gasbxp1-X) For Solar Fuels., Harry Benjamin Russell

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Photoelectrochemical water splitting has been identified as a promising route for achieving sustainable energy future. However, semiconductor materials with the appropriate optical, electrical and electrochemical properties have yet to be discovered. In search of an appropriate semiconductor to fill this gap, GaSbP, a semiconductor never tested for PEC performance is proposed here and investigated. Density functional theory (DFT+U) techniques were utilized to predict band gap and band edge energetics for GaSbP alloys with low amount of antimony. The overall objective of this dissertation is to understand the suitability of GaSbxP1-x alloys for photoelectrochemical water splitting application. Specifically, …

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Preparation Parameters Optimization And Electrocatalytic Properties Of Supported Au Nanoparticles, Rui Yao, Yu-Jiang Song, Huan-Qiao Li, Jia Li, Jian-Guo Liu Apr 2016

Preparation Parameters Optimization And Electrocatalytic Properties Of Supported Au Nanoparticles, Rui Yao, Yu-Jiang Song, Huan-Qiao Li, Jia Li, Jian-Guo Liu

Journal of Electrochemistry

Due to interesting size effect, physical and chemical properties, nano-scale gold materials have been commonly used to catalytic reactions. However, the application of gold nanomaterials in the field of electrocatalysis is limited. Herein, we report the synthesis of gold nanparticles supported on carbon through chemical reduction of HAuCl4 by NaBH4 under mild conditions in the presence of surfactants as soft templates, carbon black or graphene as a support. We investigated a series of key reaction parameters, including reagent concentration, temperature, the types of carbon supports and surfactants. With the optimum synthetic parameters, we successfully obtained supported 1 ~ …

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Preparation And Performance Of 3d Graphene Type Porous Carbon Employing Nano Fe(Oh)3 As Template For Oxygen Reduction Catalyst, Chong-Yun Sun, Zhong-Fang Li, Xue-Wei Lu, Xi-Zhan Zhong, Yu-Rong Liu Apr 2016

Preparation And Performance Of 3d Graphene Type Porous Carbon Employing Nano Fe(Oh)3 As Template For Oxygen Reduction Catalyst, Chong-Yun Sun, Zhong-Fang Li, Xue-Wei Lu, Xi-Zhan Zhong, Yu-Rong Liu

Journal of Electrochemistry

The 3D graphene type porous carbon was prepared using coal tar pitch as carbon source and nano Fe(OH)3 as template. Optimal conditions for the catalytic oxygen reduction performance were determined as: the mass ratio of coal tar, nano Fe(OH)3 and KOH is 6:8:4; the pyrolysis temperature is 800 oC. SEM images show that the products have uniformly porous structure. TEM images demonstrate that the products are porous with foam shapes. HRTEM images further indicate that the products have formed several-layers 3D graphene structure, which are also supported by XRD and Raman data, and the pore size mainly …

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Syntheses Of Carbon Paper Supported High-Index Faceted Pt Nanoparticles And Their Performance In Direct Formic Acid Fuel Cells, Long Huang, Mei Zhan, Yu-Cheng Wang, Yan-Fen Lin, Shuo Liu, Ting Yuan, Hui Yang, Shi-Gang Sun Apr 2016

Syntheses Of Carbon Paper Supported High-Index Faceted Pt Nanoparticles And Their Performance In Direct Formic Acid Fuel Cells, Long Huang, Mei Zhan, Yu-Cheng Wang, Yan-Fen Lin, Shuo Liu, Ting Yuan, Hui Yang, Shi-Gang Sun

Journal of Electrochemistry

Direct formic acid fuel fuels (DFAFCs) are promising energy source for portable electronic devices. Palladium (Pd) is more active than platinum (Pt) for the formic acid electrooxidation. However, the stability of Pd is much poorer than that of Pt. Unfortunately, the ultra-low natural abundance of the Pt makes it extremely expensive and limits its application as a fuel cell catalyst. Boosting both the activity and stability of Pt nanoparticles to enhance their efficiency is urgent. As previous works illustrated, nanoparticles enclosed with high-index facets usually bare a higher activity toward fuel cell related reactions than those nanoparticles with low-index facet. …

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