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An Empirical Model For Build-Up Of Sodium And Calcium Ions In Small Scale Reverse Osmosis, Subriyer Nasir
An Empirical Model For Build-Up Of Sodium And Calcium Ions In Small Scale Reverse Osmosis, Subriyer Nasir
Makara Journal of Technology
A simple models for predicting build-up of solute on membrane surface were formulated in this paper. The experiments were conducted with secondary effluent, groundwater and simulated feed water in small-scale of RO with capacity of 2000 L/d. Feed water used in the experiments contained varying concentrations of sodium, calcium, combined sodium and calcium. In order to study the effect of sodium and calcium ions on membrane performance, experiments with ground water and secondary effluent wastewater were also performed. Build-up of salts on the membrane surface was calculated by measuring concentrations of sodium and calcium ions in feed water permeate and …