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Articles 1 - 16 of 16
Full-Text Articles in Mechanical Engineering
Turbulent Mixers For Protein Folding Experiments, Venkatesh Inguva
Turbulent Mixers For Protein Folding Experiments, Venkatesh Inguva
Doctoral Dissertations
Protein folding studies require the development of micro-mixers that require less sample, mix at faster rates, and still provide a high signal to noise ratio. Chaotic to marginally turbulent micro-mixers are promising candidates for this application. In this study, various turbulence and unsteadiness generation concepts are explored that avoid cavitation. The mixing enhancements include flow turning regions, flow splitters, and vortex shedding. The relative effectiveness of these different approaches for rapid micro-mixing is discussed. Simulations found that flow turning regions provided the best mixing profile. Various turbulence models are simulated to determine appropriate model of the design requirements. Experimental validation …
Model-Based Predictive Analytics For Additive And Smart Manufacturing, Zhuo Yang
Model-Based Predictive Analytics For Additive And Smart Manufacturing, Zhuo Yang
Doctoral Dissertations
Qualification and certification for additive and smart manufacturing systems can be uncertain and very costly. Using available historical data can mitigate some costs of producing and testing sample parts. However, use of such data lacks the flexibility to represent specific new problems which decreases predictive accuracy and efficiency. To address these compelling needs, in this dissertation modeling techniques are introduced that can proactively estimate results expected from additive and smart manufacturing processes swiftly and with practical levels of accuracy and reliability. More specifically, this research addresses the current challenges and limitations posed by use of available data and the high …
Computational Exploration Of Flash-Boiling Internal Flow And Near-Nozzle Spray, Sampath K. Rachakonda
Computational Exploration Of Flash-Boiling Internal Flow And Near-Nozzle Spray, Sampath K. Rachakonda
Doctoral Dissertations
Gasoline engines operating under the principle of direct injection are susceptible to flash-boiling due to superheated nature of the fuel and the sub-atmospheric in-cylinder pressures during injection. A review of the literature on flash-boiling sprays shows that a majority of the studies have focused on the far-field regions of the spray, with limited attention given to understanding the influences of the injector geometry and the near-nozzle regions of the spray. Modeling the internal nozzle flow and the primary atomization, on which the far-field spray depends, is a challenge. This thesis, therefore, is aimed at understanding the complex flow through a …
Performance And Economic Analysis Of Hybrid Microhydro Systems, Ram Poudel
Performance And Economic Analysis Of Hybrid Microhydro Systems, Ram Poudel
Doctoral Dissertations
Microhydro (MHP) systems usually employ unregulated turbines and an electronic load controller, a demand-side control device. Existing analytical models for such systems are lacking details, especially supply-side flow control, for performance simulation at hourly or sub-hourly scales. This work developed stochastic models for downscaling of streamflow and an empirical model of MHP systems. We integrated these models within the framework of Hybrid2 tool to simulate the long-term performance of a tri-hybrid system consisting of hydropower, solar PV and wind turbine. Based on an additive model of time series decomposition, we develop a Multiple Input Single Output (MISO) model in order …
Electroplating Of Copper On Tungsten Powder, Richard Berdos
Electroplating Of Copper On Tungsten Powder, Richard Berdos
Masters Theses
Strengthening, resistant and shielding properties, to name a few, can be achieved by implementing a surface material coating onto an engineering component. Various elements of these compounded parts can augment the functionality of the part, such as, increased life time and more interactive surfaces. Tungsten has proven to be a challenge to plate with other metals, but if done correctly, the results can allow for the cold spray of tungsten. Cold spraying tungsten particles alone provides a challenge because the powder is too hard and instead of adhering, it erodes the surface it is attempting to plate. Coating tungsten in …
Thermal Radiation Measurement And Development Of Tunable Plasmonic Thermal Emitter Using Strain-Induced Buckling In Metallic Layers, Amir Kazemi-Moridani
Thermal Radiation Measurement And Development Of Tunable Plasmonic Thermal Emitter Using Strain-Induced Buckling In Metallic Layers, Amir Kazemi-Moridani
Masters Theses
An infrared radiometry setup has been developed based on a commercially available FTIR spectrometer for measuring mid-infrared thermal radiation. The setup was calibrated with a lab-built blackbody source. The setup was tested with a grating structure with 4-micron periodicity. Periodic microstructures using nickel and gold are fabricated on elastomeric substrates by use of strain-induced buckling of the nickel layer. The intrinsically low emissivity of gold in the mid-infrared regime is selectively enhanced by the surface plasmonic resonance at three different mid-infrared wavelengths, 4.5 µm, 6.3 µm, and 9.4 µm. As the thermal emission enhancement effect exists only for the polarization …
Application And Evaluation Of Lighthouse Technology For Precision Motion Capture, Soumitra Sitole
Application And Evaluation Of Lighthouse Technology For Precision Motion Capture, Soumitra Sitole
Masters Theses
This thesis presents the development towards a system that can capture and quantify motion for applications in biomechanical and medical fields demanding precision motion tracking using the lighthouse technology. Commercially known as SteamVR tracking, the lighthouse technology is a motion tracking system developed for virtual reality applications that makes use of patterned infrared light sources to highlight trackers (objects embedded with photodiodes) to obtain their pose or spatial position and orientation. Current motion capture systems such as the camera-based motion capture are expensive and not readily available outside of research labs. This thesis provides a case for low-cost motion capture …
A Numerical Flutter Predictor For 3d Airfoils Using The Onera Dynamic Stall Model, Pieter Boersma
A Numerical Flutter Predictor For 3d Airfoils Using The Onera Dynamic Stall Model, Pieter Boersma
Masters Theses
To be able to harness more power from the wind, wind turbine blades are getting longer. As they get longer, they get more flexible. This creates issues that have until recently not been of concern. Long flexible wind turbine blades can lose their stability to flow induced instabilities such as coupled-mode flutter. This type of flutter occurs when increasing wind speed causes a coupling of a bending and a torsional mode, which create limit cycle oscillations that can lead to blade failure. To be able to make the design of larger blades possible, it is important to be able to …
Microenvironment Regulates Fusion Of Breast Cancer Cells, Peiran Zhu
Microenvironment Regulates Fusion Of Breast Cancer Cells, Peiran Zhu
Masters Theses
Fusion of cancer cells has been observed in tumors for more than a century and is thought to contribute to tumor development and drug resistance. The low frequency of cell fusion events and the instability of fused cells have hindered our ability to understand the molecular mechanisms that govern cell fusion. We have developed a patterned gel system that can isolate cell fusion events and we demonstrate that several breast cancer cell lines can fuse into multinucleated giant cells in vitro, and the initiation and longevity of fused cells can be regulated solely by biophysical factors. Dynamically tuning the adhesive …
High Strain Rate Dynamic Response Of Aluminum 6061 Micro Particles At Elevated Temperatures And Varying Oxide Thicknesses Of Substrate Surface, Carmine Taglienti
High Strain Rate Dynamic Response Of Aluminum 6061 Micro Particles At Elevated Temperatures And Varying Oxide Thicknesses Of Substrate Surface, Carmine Taglienti
Masters Theses
Cold spray is a unique additive manufacturing process, where a large number of ductile metal micro particles are deposited to create new surface coatings or free-standing structures. Metallic particles are accelerated through a gas stream, reaching velocities of over 1 km/s. Accelerated particles experience a high-strain-rate microscopic ballistic collisions against a target substrate. Large amounts of kinetic energy results in extreme plastic deformation of the particles and substrate. Though the cold spray process has been in use for decades, the extreme material science behind the deformation of particles has not been well understood due to experimental difficulties arising from the …
Streamwise Flow-Induced Oscillations Of Bluff Bodies - The Influence Of Symmetry Breaking, Tyler Gurian
Streamwise Flow-Induced Oscillations Of Bluff Bodies - The Influence Of Symmetry Breaking, Tyler Gurian
Masters Theses
The influence of symmetry breaking on the flow induced oscillations of bluff bodies in the steamwise direction is studied. First, a series of experiments is conducted on a one-degree-of-freedom circular cylinder allowed to exhibit pure translational motion in the streamwise direction over a range of reduced velocities, 1.4 < U* < 4.4, corresponding to a Reynolds number range of 970 < Re < 3370. Two distinct regions of displacements were observed in reduced velocity ranges of 1.6 < U* < 2.5 and 2.75 < U* < 3.85. Measured force coefficients in the drag and lift direction were examined, along with the wake visualization, through the range of reduced velocities, to infer the resulting wake modes. A new Alternating Symmetric (AS) mode was found. This transition from symmetric to AS shedding occurred near the end of the first region of response. Similar tests were run with a square prism in the parameter space of 2.4 < U* < 5.8 and 757 < Re < 1900 over angles of incidence of 0° ≤ α ≤ 45°. A distinct region of lock-in is observed for α = 0°, 2.5°, 5°, 7.5° over 3.2 < U* < 5.4 for α = 0°, and decreasing with increasing α. The wake structures were found to be roughly symmetric for α = 0°, but transitioned towards asymmetry …
Design For Sustainability Through A Life Cycle Assessment Conceptual Framework Integrated Within Product Lifecycle Management, Renpeng Zou
Masters Theses
The need to include sustainable design principles during product realization poses several challenges in need of research. The demand for greener products has increased while competition has shortened product realization processes. Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) provides solutions in accelerating the development process and time to market by managing the information through a full life cycle of a product line. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) provides a way to predict the environmental impacts that should be expected over the complete life cycle of a given product, but LCA methods are not well suited to efficient comparison of product alternatives during early design …
The Effects Of Mechanical Loading And Tumor Factors On Osteocyte Dendrite Formation, Wenbo Wang
The Effects Of Mechanical Loading And Tumor Factors On Osteocyte Dendrite Formation, Wenbo Wang
Masters Theses
Advanced breast cancer predominantly metastasizes to the skeleton, at which point patients suffer bone loss, pain, heightened fracture risk and their prognosis significantly declines. The skeleton is sensitive to its highly dynamic mechanical environment whereby bone mass is increased when applied loads are increased whereas bone loss occurs when applied loads are reduced. Increased mechanical loading inhibited bone metastatic tumor formation and progression in vivo, but the underlying mechanisms are currently under investigation. Here, we focus on the osteocyte, a specialized bone cell well-known as the primary mechanosensor and director of remodeling in the skeleton. Osteocytic dendrites are important for …
Modeling Deformation Behavior And Strength Characteristics Of Sand-Silt Mixtures: A Micromechanical Approach, Mehrashk Meidani
Modeling Deformation Behavior And Strength Characteristics Of Sand-Silt Mixtures: A Micromechanical Approach, Mehrashk Meidani
Doctoral Dissertations
This dissertation is comprised of six chapters. In the first chapter the motivation of this research, which was modeling the deformation behavior and strength characteristics of soils under internal erosion, is briefly explained. In the second chapter a micromechanis-based stress-strain model developed for prediction of sand-silt mixtures behavior is presented. The components of the micromechanics-based model are described and undrained behavior of six different types of sand-silt mixtures is predicted for several samples with different fines contents. The need for a more comprehensive compression model for sand-silt mixtures is identified at the end of this chapter. This desired compression model …
Aeroelastic Simulation Of Wind Turbines Using Free Vortex Methods And Strategies For Accelerating The Computation, Shujian Liu
Aeroelastic Simulation Of Wind Turbines Using Free Vortex Methods And Strategies For Accelerating The Computation, Shujian Liu
Doctoral Dissertations
This dissertation integrated the free vortex method code Wake Induced Dynamics Simulator (WInDS), which was developed by Sebastian et al., into the open source and widely-used software FAST. A range of computational strategies including paral- lelization and Treecode algorithms are used to increase the computational efficiency of the software. Full aero-hydro-servo-elastic simulations with free vortex method are conducted, which focus on an in-depth study on the influence of the aeroelasticity of the wind turbine and platform motions on the unsteadiness of the aerodynamics, and the comparison of aeroelastic responses of two floating wind turbine concepts. This dissertation also applies long …
Supporting Engineering Design Of Additively Manufactured Medical Devices With Knowledge Management Through Ontologies, Thomas Hagedorn
Supporting Engineering Design Of Additively Manufactured Medical Devices With Knowledge Management Through Ontologies, Thomas Hagedorn
Doctoral Dissertations
Medical environments pose a substantial challenge for engineering designers. They combine significant knowledge demands with large investment for new product development and severe consequences in the case of design failure. Engineering designers must contend with an often-chaotic environment to which they have limited access and familiarity, a user base that is difficult to engage and highly diverse in many attributes, and a market structure that often pits stakeholders against one another. As medical care in general moves towards personalized models and surgical tools towards less invasive options emerging manufacturing technologies in additive manufacturing offer significant potential for the design of …