Mechanical Engineering Commons^™

Validation Of Energygauge® Usa Using The Hers Bestest, Florida Solar Energy Center, Philip Fairey

FSEC Energy Research Center®

This report presents results from the testing and validation of the EnergyGauge USA home energy rating software conducted using the HERS BESTEST procedures. The results show that EnergyGauge USA is an excellent and verifiable simulation program that is capable of meeting all national requirements for home energy rating software tools.

Cold Climate Case Study; High Efficiency North Dakota Twin Homes, Florida Solar Energy Center, David Chasar

FSEC Energy Research Center®

The Eastern Dakota Housing Alliance has completed 8 of 20 planned multi-family and single-family dwellings on Selkirk Circle in Grand Forks, North Dakota. Four twin-home (duplex) units were completed in March of 2003 (Phase I) and four more identical units were completed in February of 2004 (Phase II). Four additional units (Phase III) are due for completion by mid-summer, 2004. Design assistance and performance testing were provided by the Building America Industrialized Housing Project with the goal of achieving up to 50% energy savings over the 1993 Model Energy Code.

To approach this level of savings, various envelope and equipment …

Cooling Load Reduction And Air Conditioner Design In A 19th Century Florida House Museum, Florida Solar Energy Center, David Chasar

FSEC Energy Research Center®

Restoration plans at the H.S. Williams house included the installation of a space conditioning system. This contract report details how building envelope construction and air conditioner design were optimized as a system. Many aspects of the effort lent themselves to maintaining important "character-defining" features of the building including the resurrection of passive cooling attributes like light colored exterior paint and operable storm shutters. In addition, outside air infiltration was measured on the Williams house and six other balloon-frame homes to document this often significant cooling load component.

Japanese R&D On Large-Scale Co2 Capture, Takahisa Yokoyama

Separations Technology VI: New Perspectives on Very Large-Scale Operations

The Special Report on Carbon dioxide Capture and Storage was recently accepted by IPCC (1). In the context of optimization and integration of CO2 capture and sequestration, CO2 capture is a particularly important step. This paper presents a broad overview of key issues of CO2 capture technologies in the Japanese R&D, focusing on their application to large-scale power plants.

Performance And Applications Of Gossamer Wind Solar Powered Ceiling Fans, Florida Solar Energy Center

FSEC Energy Research Center®

Ceiling fans provide a cooling breeze, reduce temperature stratification and improve thermal comfort. Ceiling fans save energy in homes by improving thermal comfort, which results in changes to the thermostat set-point or reduced use of air conditioning.

Photovoltaics: Disaster And Energy Security Applications, Florida Solar Energy Center, William Young

FSEC Energy Research Center®

The modernization of our lives with the use of electronic devices has contributed to a steadily increasing dependence on electric power. The degree of importance of electricity is temporarily highlighted with any type of power outage, whether caused by an accident, a natural disaster or a terrorist attack. A disaster can leave many people without adequate medical services, potable water, electrical service and communications.

There is a value in applying photovoltaics (solar electric) to create disaster-resistant buildings and communities, which is to reduce losses and improve quality of life. Photovoltaics provide a viable source of electric power for energy security …

Geographic Variation In Potential Of Rooftop Residential Photovoltaic Electric Power Production In The United States, Florida Solar Energy Center, Matthew Lombardi

FSEC Energy Research Center®

This paper describes a geographic evaluation of Zero Energy Home (ZEH) potential, specifically an assessment of residential roof-top solar electric photovoltaic (PV) performance around the United States and how energy produced would match up with very-efficient and super-efficient home designs. We performed annual simulations for 236 TMY2 data locations throughout the United States on two highly-efficient one-story 3-bedroom homes with a generic grid-tied solar electric 2kW PV system. These annual simulations show how potential annual solar electric power generation (kWh) and potential energy savings from PV power vary geographically around the U.S. giving the user in a specific region an …

Energy Star Manufactured Homes: The Plant Certification Process, Florida Solar Energy Center, David Chasar

FSEC Energy Research Center®

In an on-going collaboration over the last ten years, researchers have worked with the manufactured housing industry offering building science advice and conducting diagnostic testing (Chandra et al 2002). This partnership resulted in the first two HUD code ENERGY STAR homes in 1997 and the development of standardized, in-plant Duct Blaster testing in 2001. One manufacturer is currently testing duct leakage on every home in 12 factories, representing over 8,000 homes per year.

In 2001, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) introduced the ENERGY STAR label for manufactured homes. Guidelines for this program focus on certification of the HUD-code plant …

Measured Energy And Peak Demand Reduction From High Efficiency Air Conditioner Replacement, Florida Solar Energy Center, John Masiello

FSEC Energy Research Center®

A utility load research project has monitored over 167 single-family residences in Central Florida collecting baseline 15-minute data on air conditioner (AC) power consumption, interior air temperatures and appliance loads over a two year period. Within the project we evaluated the impact of replacing older existing air conditioners with modern high efficiency equipment.

Preliminary Evaluation Of Performance Enhanced Relocatable Classrooms In Three Climates, Florida Solar Energy Center, Danny Parker

FSEC Energy Research Center®

A research project has monitored a specifically modified energy efficient portable classroom compared with a standard unit, in side-by-side installations in three states (NY, NC and FL). Energy performance data is summarized in this paper.

Assessing Six Residential Ventilation Techniques In Hot And Humid Climates, Florida Solar Energy Center, Neil Moyer

FSEC Energy Research Center®

The addition of mechanical ventilation air to "tight" homes in hot and humid climates may adversely impact health, building durability, comfort and energy use by raising indoor humidity levels (RH) above 50%. High indoor humidity has been linked to microbial growth, building material decay, discomfort, and increased energy use (Moyer, et al, 2001). High indoor humidity in "tight" homes with mechanical ventilation has been documented in various Building America projects in hot humid locations (Rudd 2003).

The research described here quantifies the energy use, and humidity impacts of six mechanical ventilation strategies installed serially in a new, Energy Star Manufactured …

A Review Of Hot Water Draw Profiles Used In Performance Analysis Of Residential Domestic Hot Water Systems, Florida Solar Energy Center, Philip Fairey

FSEC Energy Research Center®

As a result of efforts on the part of various organizations to improve the specifications for performance-based analysis of energy use in residences, the literature on residential hot water use has been reviewed, specifically as it relates to typical hot water use draw profiles. A number of daily hot water use draw profiles have been identified and reviewed.

Assuring Power In A Disaster And Providing Energy Security, Florida Solar Energy Center, William Young

FSEC Energy Research Center®

Daily use of a myriad of electrical and electronic devices has contributed to a steadily increasing dependence on electric power. The degree of importance of electricity is temporarily highlighted with any type of power outage, whether caused by a disaster as destructive as a Hurricane Andrew or as minor as an afternoon thunderstorm knocking down local utility lines. After September 11, terrorism added a new dimension to our definition of energy security. While the American public is dependent on utility providers to meet energy needs, it is the right and the responsibility of each citizen to become aware of energy …

Flexible Roofing Facility: 2003 Summer Test Results, Florida Solar Energy Center, Danny Parker

FSEC Energy Research Center®

The Flexible Roof Facility (FRF) is a test facility in Cocoa, Florida designed to evaluate five roofing systems at a time against a control roof with black shingles and vented attic (Figure E-1). The testing evaluates how roofing systems impact summer residential cooling energy use and peak demand. In the summer of 2003, the following roofing systems were tested: Galvalume® unfinished 5-vee metal with vented attic (2nd year of exposure); sealed attic with proprietary configuration; high reflectance brown metal shingle with vented attic; galvanized unfinished 5-vee metal with vented attic (2nd year of exposure); black shingles with standard attic ventilation …

Optimizing Manufactured Housing Energy Use, Florida Solar Energy Center, Mark Mcginley

FSEC Energy Research Center®

In partnership with the Florida Solar Energy Center (FSEC), two manufactured homes were located on North Carolina A&T State University's campus in Greensboro, NC and used in a side-by-side energy consumption comparison. One of the homes was built to the basic HUD code standard and the other was constructed with features expected to produce a home that was 50% more energy efficient.

FSEC and NCATSU began monitoring energy performance in both homes. In addition, the performance of each unit was evaluated using a DOE2 based computer energy analysis program developed by FSEC. A comparison of the performance of the units …

Nebraska Summary S466: Massey Ferguson 6480 Diesel 32-Speed, Nebraska Tractor Test Lab

Nebraska Tractor Tests

No abstract provided.

Standards For Clean Air Florida Homes, Florida Solar Energy Center, Subrato Chandra

FSEC Energy Research Center®

These standards are designed for new, slab on grade homes built in Florida. Changes to the standards may be necessary for other house construction types. These standards are not meant to be exclusionary. The home builder may submit alternative materials or design details which will result in equivalent performance. These standards complement all building codes and do not supersede any codes.

Atmospheric Ammonia Scavenging Mechanisms Around A Liquid Droplet In Convective Flow, Wei-Hsin Chen

Wei-Hsin Chen

No abstract provided.

Alleviating Moisture Problems Hot, Humid Climate Housing, Florida Solar Energy Center, Subrato Chandra

FSEC Energy Research Center®

The Southeastern U.S. experiences hot, humid conditions throughout the summer months and in Florida, one of the high growth states with large number of homes, these conditions can prevail throughout most of the year. As a result it is not uncommon to find extensive mold, soft drywall, buckled floors, damaged ceilings and other moisture problems in new and existing site built and manufactured homes. Since 1999, as a result of participation in the U.S. DOE funded Building America program, the authors have developed first hand experience and conducted research in these areas. This paper provides a brief summary of the …

Model Of Unsteadyn-Octanedroplet Burning Inhigh-Temperature Streams, Wei-Hsin Chen

Wei-Hsin Chen

No abstract provided.

Florida's Energy Future: Opportunities For Our Economy, Environment And Security - Executive Summary, Florida Solar Energy Center, Philip Fairey

FSEC Energy Research Center®

The future of Florida's economy, environment and security is inextricably intertwined with our energy use decisions. Our state has one of the nation's fastest growing populations, promoting rapid expansion of an energy industry that imports its fuel supplies. Florida exports approximately $32 billion per year for these energy fuels. Moreover, the Florida economy depends critically on tourism and agriculture, and the fuels and energy products that maintain them. Our pristine environment is the primary natural resource supporting this unique economic engine and the adverse effects of our rapidly growing energy use now stress it. Our State's economic well-being and security …

Florida's Energy Future: Opportunities For Our Economy, Environment And Security, Florida Solar Energy Center, Philip Fairey

FSEC Energy Research Center®

The future of Florida's economy, environment and security is inextricably intertwined with our energy use decisions. Our state has one of the nation's fastest growing populations, promoting rapid expansion of an energy industry that imports its fuel supplies. Florida exports approximately $32 billion per year for these energy fuels. Moreover, the Florida economy depends critically on tourism and agriculture, and the fuels and energy products that maintain them. Our pristine environment is the primary natural resource supporting this unique economic engine and the adverse effects of our rapidly growing energy use now stress it. Our State's economic well-being and security …

Florida's Energy Future: Opportunities For Our Economy, Environment And Security - Appendices, Florida Solar Energy Center, Philip Fairey

FSEC Energy Research Center®

The future of Florida's economy, environment and security is inextricably intertwined with our energy use decisions. Our state has one of the nation's fastest growing populations, promoting rapid expansion of an energy industry that imports its fuel supplies. Florida exports approximately $32 billion per year for these energy fuels. Moreover, the Florida economy depends critically on tourism and agriculture, and the fuels and energy products that maintain them. Our pristine environment is the primary natural resource supporting this unique economic engine and the adverse effects of our rapidly growing energy use now stress it. Our State's economic well-being and security …

Understanding Manufacturing Energy Use Through Statistical Analysis, J. Kelly Kissock, John Seryak

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Publications

Energy in manufacturing facilities is used for direct production of goods, space conditioning, and general facility support such as lighting. This paper presents a methodology for statistically analyzing plant energy use in terms of these major end uses. The methodology uses as few as 60 data points that are relatively easy for most plants to obtain. Multivariable change-point models of electricity and natural gas use as functions of outdoor air temperature and production data are then developed. The statistical models can be used to predict energy use for energy budgeting, measure savings, determine cost structures, and diagnostic purposes. Moreover, in …

Remotely Accessible Solar Energy Laboratory For High School Students, William J. Hutzel, David Goodman

School of Engineering Technology Faculty Publications

A remotely accessible solar energy laboratory has been developed for real-time experimentation using solar heating and photovoltaic equipment that is physically located at Purdue University. Indiana high school students are the first customers for this on-line resource. In addition to sensor data, the web-based laboratory includes lesson plans, tutorials, assessment questions, and a feedback utility. This project is helping science teachers meet new state science standards from the Indiana Department of Education, which call for hands-on laboratory activities and real time data analysis. Remotely accessed labs are becoming popular because they offer the opportunity for large numbers of students to …

Estimating Energy Savings In Compressed Air Systems, Chris Schmidt, J. Kelly Kissock

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Publications

Compressed air is typically one of the most expensive utilities in an industrial facility. As a result, potential savings opportunities are aggressively sought out and identified. Once identified, projected energy savings must be calculated in order to justify the cost of implementing the savings opportunity. It is important to calculate projected energy and cost savings as accurately as possible. Unfortunately, savings are frequently overestimated because the methods used to estimate savings neglect to consider important factors such as compressor control and type, storage, and multiple compressor operation.

In this paper, a methodology is presented for modeling air compressor performance and …

Optimisation Of Heat Transfer And Fluid Flow In The Cooling Of Building Integrated Photovoltaic Facades., Eoin Patrick Hodge

Theses

The aim of this research was to explore the effects of mature and developing technologies from aeronautical industries such as impingement and film cooling, and electronic cooling techniques, in the setting up of different laminar and turbulent flow regimes on PV cooling duct heat transfer rates, with air flow as that brought about with natural buoyancy effects in a vertical building facade. The problem of efficiency losses in PV panels, due to overheating, is one of the factors restricting the development and use of this renewable power source. PV panels can experience very high temperatures, due to the heat input …

Nebraska Summary: S544 Case-Ih Mxu115 Ltd, Nebraska Tractor Test Lab

Nebraska Tractor Tests

ABOUT THE TEST REPORT AND USE OF THE DATA The test data contained in this report are a tabulation of the results of a series of tests. Due to the restricted format of these pages, only a limited amount of data and not all of the tractor specifications are included. The full OECD report contains usually about 30 pages of data and specifications. The test data were obtained for each tractor under similar conditions and therefore, provide a means of comparison of performance based on a limited set of reported data. EXPLANATION OF THE TEST PROCEDURES Purpose The purpose of …

Test 1840: Agco Lt75 Diesel, Nebraska Tractor Test Lab

Nebraska Tractor Tests

No abstract provided.

Test 1841: Agco Lt90 Diesel, Nebraska Tractor Test Lab

Nebraska Tractor Tests

No abstract provided.