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Full-Text Articles in Materials Science and Engineering
Gas Measurement Device, Megan C. Frost, Weilue He
Gas Measurement Device, Megan C. Frost, Weilue He
Michigan Tech Patents
A device including a first chamber, a second chamber, and a membrane permeable to neutral gases but impermeable to water that is positioned between the first chamber and the second chamber. The membrane includes a first layer including PVDF and PDMS, and the PVDF has a plurality of pores at least partially filled with at least some of the PDMS.
Production Of Iron Using Environmentally-Benign Renewable Or Recycled Reducing Agents, Timothy C. Eisele, Surendra Komar Kawatra
Production Of Iron Using Environmentally-Benign Renewable Or Recycled Reducing Agents, Timothy C. Eisele, Surendra Komar Kawatra
Michigan Tech Patents
To produce metallic iron from iron ore, a composition comprising a mass of material formed from a mixture of iron ore particles and particles of a reductant that is either a biomass material in particulate form or a plastic resinous material in particulate form is used. The reductant can also be a mixture of biomass material and resin in any proportions. The mass of material comprises at least one body having a shape adapted for smelting such as pellets, briquettes, pieces or lumps. The pellets have sufficient cohesion to maintain the shape into which they have been formed. The invention …
Method Of Making Wood-Based Composite Board, Laurent Malanda Matuana, Julia A. King
Method Of Making Wood-Based Composite Board, Laurent Malanda Matuana, Julia A. King
Michigan Tech Patents
A wood composite board or panel, such as particleboard, fiberboard, oriented strand board or waferboard and a method of producing the same. The composite board or panel comprises a plurality of wood pieces, thermoset resin to bind the wood pieces and a filler having a high thermal conductivity. Examples of such a filler include natural and synthetic graphites, metal, carbon, silicon carbide and other similar compounds and their mixtures.
Compositions And Methods For Wood Preservation, Peter Laks, Patricia Heiden
Compositions And Methods For Wood Preservation, Peter Laks, Patricia Heiden
Michigan Tech Patents
The invention provides a method for incorporating biocides into wood or a wood product. The method comprises incorporating an additive into a nanoparticle, applying the nanoparticle to wood or a wood particle and applying sufficient pressure to force the nanoparticle to penetrate the wood or wood particle.
Apparatus And Method For Determining The Dynamic Indentation Hardness Of Materials, Ghatu Subhash, Abhijit Chandra, Brian J. Koeppel
Apparatus And Method For Determining The Dynamic Indentation Hardness Of Materials, Ghatu Subhash, Abhijit Chandra, Brian J. Koeppel
Michigan Tech Patents
An apparatus and method for determining dynamic indentation hardness values of a material using a propagating stress wave to make an indentation in the material. The invention provides such values without any prior knowledge of the material properties and enables the dynamic indentation hardness values to be directly compared to static indentation hardness values for the material.
Method For Producing Powder From Polycrystalline Inorganic Material, Surendra K. Kawatra, Timothy C. Eisele
Method For Producing Powder From Polycrystalline Inorganic Material, Surendra K. Kawatra, Timothy C. Eisele
Michigan Tech Patents
A method for producing powder from polycrystalline inorganic material by contacting polycrystalline inorganic material with the vapor of one or more reduced alkali metals in an environment substantially free of oxygen for a period of time sufficient to cause disintegration of the polycrystalline inorganic material into powder. The polycrystalline inorganic material may consist of one or more oxides, sulfides, or silicates, or combinations thereof. The poly crystalline inorganic material may also comprise a rock or mineral, such as basalt or pyrite.
Process For Producing High Strength Alumina, James M. Staehler, William W. Predebon, Bruce J. Pletka
Process For Producing High Strength Alumina, James M. Staehler, William W. Predebon, Bruce J. Pletka
Michigan Tech Patents
A vacuum hot pressed alumina material having small, isometric grains; a uniform distribution thereof; relatively low, predominantly transgranular porosity; and a density approaching the theoretical density of pure alumina produced by vacuum hot pressing alumina powder which contains at least 98.0% alumina, is substantially free of any sintering aids or any other additives, and has a median particle size less than about 3 microns, in a vacuum hot press operated at a temperature of at least about 1350° C. and a pressure of at least 28 MPa (3500 PSI) for a sintering period of at least 1.5 hours. The vacuum …
High Strength Alumina And Process For Producing Same, James M. Staehler, William W. Predebon, Bruce J. Pletka
High Strength Alumina And Process For Producing Same, James M. Staehler, William W. Predebon, Bruce J. Pletka
Michigan Tech Patents
A vacuum hot pressed alumina material having small, isometric grains; a uniform distribution thereof; relatively low, predominantly transgranular porosity; and a density approaching the theoretical density of pure alumina produced by vacuum hot pressing alumina powder which contains at least 98.0% alumina, is substantially free of any sintering aids or any other additives, and has a median particle size less than about 3 microns, in a vacuum hot press operated at a temperature of at least about 1350° C. and a pressure of at least 28 MPa (3500 PSI) for a sintering period of at least 1.5 hours. The vacuum …
Method For Making Reshapable Articles Containing Lignocellulose Utilizing Polyisocyanate Resins, Bernard C. Sun
Method For Making Reshapable Articles Containing Lignocellulose Utilizing Polyisocyanate Resins, Bernard C. Sun
Michigan Tech Patents
Reshapable composite material and/or articles formed from lignocellulose-containing materials and having improved strength and water resistance characteristics are made by applying about 7 to about 100 weight % of a polyisocyanate resin to fibers and/or fiber bundles of a lignocellulose-containing material. The resulting mixture or furnish is compression molded to form a composite material and/or article of the desired shape and dimensions.
Method Of Making High Strength Articles From Forged Powder Steel Alloys, Alfred A. Hendrickson, Darrell W. Smith
Method Of Making High Strength Articles From Forged Powder Steel Alloys, Alfred A. Hendrickson, Darrell W. Smith
Michigan Tech Patents
High strength steel parts or articles are made from a powder alloy by compacting the powder into a preform, sintering the preform in a sintering furnace or the like under a highly-reducing atmosphere and at a temperature of at least 1150° C., cooling the preform, preheating the sintered preform in a highly-reducing atmosphere, such as an inert gas-based atmosphere containing hydrogen or pure hydrogen, to a temperature of at least 1000° C. and transferring the preheated preform to an impact forging device and impacting the preform at a peak averaging forging pressure of at least about 1000 MPa to obtain …
Method For Compression Molding Articles From Lignocellulosic Materials, Robert D. Palardy, Bruce A. Haataja, Andrew D. Williams
Method For Compression Molding Articles From Lignocellulosic Materials, Robert D. Palardy, Bruce A. Haataja, Andrew D. Williams
Michigan Tech Patents
Flakeboard or particle board panels and other composite articles made from wood flakes or other particulate lignocellulosic materials having a relatively high internal bond and improved resistance to moisture are made from flakes or particles which have a moisture content of at least 15%. A catalyst capable of accelerating the reaction between the flakes or particles, the binder and water is applied to the flakes or particles prior to the addition of a moisture-tolerant particle board binder, such as an organic polyisocyanate. A mat of the resulting furnish is compression shaped under pressure and at a temperature less than 250° …
Reagents For Magnetizing Nonmagnetic Materials, Jiann-Yang Hwang
Reagents For Magnetizing Nonmagnetic Materials, Jiann-Yang Hwang
Michigan Tech Patents
Particles of a nonmagnetic material are rendered magnetic by contacting their surfaces with a magnetizing reagent comprising water containing particles of a magnetic material, each of which has a two layer surfactant coating including an inner layer and an outer layer. The inner layer covers the magnetic particle and is a mono- molecular layer of a first water soluble, organic, hetero- polar surfactant containing at least 3 carbon atoms and having a functional group on one end which bonds with the magnetic particle. The outer layer coats the inner layer and is a monomolecular layer of a second water soluble, …
Precipitation Of Scale-Forming Materials From Solution, William A. Hockings, Duane M. Thayer
Precipitation Of Scale-Forming Materials From Solution, William A. Hockings, Duane M. Thayer
Michigan Tech Patents
Scale-forming metal oxides and carbonates, such as cupric oxide, can be precipitated from an ammoniacal leaching solution with minimum scale buildup by distilling the solution in an externally heated distillation chamber mounted for rotation about a generally horizontal axis. The distillation chamber includes a plurality of axially spaced annular baffles defining a plurality of compartments containing a tumbling medium, such as spherical balls. The solution is continuously introduced into the inlet end of the chamber and heated under pressure to a temperature above its boiling point as it flows over the baffles toward the outlet end of the chamber. A …
Flake Aligner Including Reciprocating Baffles, Tauno B. Kilpela
Flake Aligner Including Reciprocating Baffles, Tauno B. Kilpela
Michigan Tech Patents
Apparatus for forming a loosely felted mat of elongated wood flakes, the wood flakes being aligned in parallel relation and parallel to the longitudinal direction of the mat. The apparatus includes a former for depositing wood flakes on a support surface in a uniformly dispersed, loosely felted relation, and a plurality of vertically oriented baffles positioned below the former and in mutually parallel alignment. The baffles are reciprocated in the direction of the mat to cause flakes lying across the baffles to fall between the baffles and to be aligned with the longitudinal direction of the mat.
Method For Reducing Macrosegregation In Alloys, Angus Hellawell
Method For Reducing Macrosegregation In Alloys, Angus Hellawell
Michigan Tech Patents
Macrosegregation in metal alloy castings and other alloys having similar solidification behavior is reduced by slowly rotating a mold or the like containing the liquid alloy about an axis at an acute angle to the vertical from the time the liquid alloy is poured into the mold until substantially all of the alloy has solidified. The mold is rotated at a speed below that which produces a centrifuging effect or causes stirring or agitation of the interdendritic liquid.
Method For Preparing Organic Hyponitrites, G. David Mendenhall
Method For Preparing Organic Hyponitrites, G. David Mendenhall
Michigan Tech Patents
Tertiary organic hyponitrite usable as initiators for polymerizing ethylenically unsaturated compounds are prepared by reacting an alkali metal, alkaline earth, ammonium or substituted ammonium salt of hyponitrite, such as sodium hyponitrite, with a tertiary organic halide, such as tert-butyl chloride, in the presence of one or more weak Friedel-Crafts catalysts, such as ferric or zinc chloride, and in a solution of a neutral solvent.
Method For Molding Articles Having Non-Planar Portions From Matted Wood Flakes, Bruce A. Haataja, Tauno B. Kilpela, Anders E. Lund, James F. Hamilton
Method For Molding Articles Having Non-Planar Portions From Matted Wood Flakes, Bruce A. Haataja, Tauno B. Kilpela, Anders E. Lund, James F. Hamilton
Michigan Tech Patents
An article having non-planar portions, such as a pallet having a substantially flat deck member and a plurality of hollow leg members projecting integrally from the deck member, is molded as a one-piece unit from a loosely-felted, layered mat formed from a mixture of a resinous particle board binder and flake-like wood particles. The wood flakes have an average length of about 11/4 to about 6 inches, preferably about 2 to about 3 inches, an average thickness of about 0.005 to about 0.075 inch, preferably about 0.015 to about 0.025 inch, and an average width of 3 inches or less …
Method And Apparatus For Making Aligned Flake Composite Wood Material Including Integral Baffles, Gordan P. Krueger, Anders E. Lund, Roy D. Adams
Method And Apparatus For Making Aligned Flake Composite Wood Material Including Integral Baffles, Gordan P. Krueger, Anders E. Lund, Roy D. Adams
Michigan Tech Patents
A method and apparatus for forming a loosely felted mat of elongated wood flakes mixed with a binder, the mat including a longitudinal axis and the wood flakes being aligned in mutually parallel relation and parallel to the longitudinal axis of the mat. The wood flakes are held in alignment in the mat by a plurality of closely spaced thin planar baffles, the baffles being comprised of a material which can form an integral part of the mat.
Molded Wood Particle Pallet Having Increased Bending Strength, Bruce A. Haataja
Molded Wood Particle Pallet Having Increased Bending Strength, Bruce A. Haataja
Michigan Tech Patents
The invention includes a molded unitarily formed pallet comprising wood particles bonded together by a cured binder in compressed relation and forming a deck having an upper surface supporting a load, and a plurality of elongated substantially parallel spaced channels supporting the deck. The channels extend from adjacent one edge of the pallet to adjacent an opposite edge. The channels each including spaced channel side walls extending downwardly from said deck and terminating in a planar bottom wall parallel to the deck. The side walls are integrally joined at their upper edges to the deck and integrally joined at their …
Molded Wood Particle Products Including Integrally Joined Intersecting Members, Bruce A. Haataja
Molded Wood Particle Products Including Integrally Joined Intersecting Members, Bruce A. Haataja
Michigan Tech Patents
A molded product formed from wood flakes intermixed with a binder and a first elongated member formed from elongated wood flakes compressed and bonded together with a binder, the wood flakes having a grain direction extending generally parallel to the longitudinal axis of the flakes and the flakes being generally oriented in alignment with the longitudinal axis of the first elongated member. A second elongated member intersects the first elongated member and is integrally joined to it. The second elongated member is also formed from elongated wood flakes compressed and bonded together with a binder, the wood flakes being generally …
Structural Members Comprised Of Composite Wood Material And Having Zones Of Diverse Density, Anders E. Lund, Gordan P. Krueger
Structural Members Comprised Of Composite Wood Material And Having Zones Of Diverse Density, Anders E. Lund, Gordan P. Krueger
Michigan Tech Patents
The disclosed invention includes an improved construction of structural members such as railroad crossties, highway spin posts and highway guard posts and to construction of said members from composite wood material including elongated wood flakes and to a method for making such improved structures.
Articles Molded From Papermill Sludge, Bruce A. Haataja, Anders E. Lund
Articles Molded From Papermill Sludge, Bruce A. Haataja, Anders E. Lund
Michigan Tech Patents
An article, such as a pallet having a substantially flat deck member and a plurality of hollow legs projecting from the deck member, is molded as a one-piece unit from a papermill sludge. Dried, comminuted papermill sludge is blended with a fibrous reinforcing material, preferably a cellulosic material such as fibrous bark particles, and a resinous particle board binder, the resulting mixture of furnish is formed into a loosely fitted mat, and the mat is placed between dyes of a mold and press and compressed to substantially the desired shape under temperature and pressure conditions sufficient to bond the sludge …
Fingerling Shear, Tauno B. Kilpela, Bruce A. Haataja
Fingerling Shear, Tauno B. Kilpela, Bruce A. Haataja
Michigan Tech Patents
A fingerling shear for shearing a length of wood in a plane transverse to the grain direction and for splitting the sheared length along the grain direction to form a plurality of fingerlings. The shear includes a planar shearing blade, supported for rotation about a generally vertical axis, the planar shearing blade including an involute cutting edge adapted to engage the elongated piece of wood during rotation of the blade and for shearing off a length of that piece of wood, and a plurality of splitting blades fixed to the lower surface of the planar shearing blade and spaced along …