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Articles 1 - 30 of 36
Full-Text Articles in Electrical and Computer Engineering
Evaluating Testing Procedures For Openflow Controller Network Re-Provisioning Time, Steven J. Jensen
Evaluating Testing Procedures For Openflow Controller Network Re-Provisioning Time, Steven J. Jensen
Theses and Dissertations
Software-Defined Networking promises several advantages over traditional networking architectures, but has seen little adoption. Recently codified controller evaluation methodologies have seen little validation without strong statistical analysis of the results. The research developed an environment testing implementing a published Network Re-provisioning Time methodology to evaluate five OpenFlow controllers. The methodology is strong with required parameters but had issues with some edge cases. Further refinement and adding a convergence metric may close the gaps.
Simulating A Mobile Wireless Sensor Network Monitoring The Air Force Marathon, Matthew D. Eilertson
Simulating A Mobile Wireless Sensor Network Monitoring The Air Force Marathon, Matthew D. Eilertson
Theses and Dissertations
This thesis explores the feasibility of deploying a mobile Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) to the Air Force (AF) Marathon in support of Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) research of sensor and networking infrastructure in denied or degraded environments. A simulation called MarathonSim is developed in the Objective Modular Network Testbed in C++ (OMNeT++) Discrete Event Simulator to test the performance of a mobile WSN. A full factorial design using numbers of runners, transmission powers, and routing protocols is executed to measure Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR) to a central database, average end-to-end delay of application packets, and average power consumed per …
Autonomous Association Of Geo Rso Observations Using Deep Neural Networks, Ian W. Mcquaid
Autonomous Association Of Geo Rso Observations Using Deep Neural Networks, Ian W. Mcquaid
Theses and Dissertations
Ground-based non-resolved optical observations of resident space objects (RSOs) in geosynchronous orbit (GEO) represent the majority of the space surveillance network’s (SSN’s) deep-space tracking. Reliable and accurate tracking necessitates temporal separation of the observations. This requires that subsequent observations be associated with prior observations of a given RSO before they can be used to create or refine that RSO’s ephemeris. The use of astrometric data (e.g. topocentric angular position) alone for this association task is complicated by RSO maneuvers between observations, and by RSOs operating in close proximity. Accurately associating an observation with an RSO thus motivates the use of …
Evaluation Of Resiliency In A Wide-Area Backup Protection System Via Model Checking, Kolby H. Elliot
Evaluation Of Resiliency In A Wide-Area Backup Protection System Via Model Checking, Kolby H. Elliot
Theses and Dissertations
Modern civilization relies heavily on having access to reliable power sources. Recent history has shown that present day protection systems are not adequate. Numerous backup protection (BP) systems have been proposed to mitigate the impact of primary protection system failures. Many of these novel BP systems rely on autonomous agents communicating via wide-area networks. These systems are highly complex and their control logic is based on distributed computing. Model checking has been shown to be a powerful tool in analyzing the behavior of distributed systems. In this research the model checker SPIN is used to evaluate the resiliency of an …
Bandwidth Analysis Of A Tightly-Packed Crossed-Dipole Array For Satellite Communications, Lawrence J. Lee
Bandwidth Analysis Of A Tightly-Packed Crossed-Dipole Array For Satellite Communications, Lawrence J. Lee
Theses and Dissertations
A bandwidth analysis of a tightly-packed crossed-dipole array antenna is presented in this thesis. A parametric study is described which varies the element spacing in the array and the resulting change in the terminal impedances is reported. The increased mutual coupling seen by the elements as a result of smaller element spacings is shown to minimize the variation in the value of the elements terminal currents across a 0.3 GHz to 3.0 GHz frequency range. This small variation in current translates into a minimal variation in the terminal impedances for a fixed excitation voltage. This is shown to be an …
Framework For Industrial Control System Honeypot Network Traffic Generation, Htein A. Lin
Framework For Industrial Control System Honeypot Network Traffic Generation, Htein A. Lin
Theses and Dissertations
Defending critical infrastructure assets is an important but extremely difficult and expensive task. Historically, decoys have been used very effectively to distract attackers and in some cases convince an attacker to reveal their attack strategy. Several researchers have proposed the use of honeypots to protect programmable logic controllers, specifically those used to support critical infrastructure. However, most of these honeypot designs are static systems that wait for a would-be attacker. To be effective, honeypot decoys need to be as realistic as possible. This paper introduces a proof-of-concept honeypot network traffic generator that mimics genuine control systems. Experiments are conducted using …
Applying Cyber Threat Intelligence To Industrial Control Systems, Matthew P. Sibiga
Applying Cyber Threat Intelligence To Industrial Control Systems, Matthew P. Sibiga
Theses and Dissertations
A cybersecurity initiative known as cyber threat intelligence (CTI) has recently been developed and deployed. The overall goal of this new technology is to help protect network infrastructures. Threat intelligence platforms (TIPs) have also been created to help facilitate CTI effectiveness within organizations. There are many benefits that both can achieve within the information technology (IT) sector. The industrial control system (ICS) sector can also benefit from these technologies as most ICS networks are connected to IT networks. CTI and TIPs become resourceful when using indicators of compromise (IOCs) from known ICS malware attacks and an open source intrusion detection …
A Framework For Categorization Of Industrial Control System Cyber Training Environments, Evan G. Plumley
A Framework For Categorization Of Industrial Control System Cyber Training Environments, Evan G. Plumley
Theses and Dissertations
First responders and professionals in hazardous occupations undergo training and evaluations for the purpose of mitigating risk and damage. For example, helicopter pilots train with multiple categorized simulations that increase in complexity before flying a real aircraft. However in the industrial control cyber incident response domain, where incident response professionals help detect, respond and recover from cyber incidents, no official categorization of training environments exist. To address this gap, this thesis provides a categorization of industrial control training environments based on realism. Four levels of environments are proposed and mapped to Blooms Taxonomy. This categorization will help organizations determine which …
Scalable System Design For Covert Mimo Communications, Jason R. Pennington
Scalable System Design For Covert Mimo Communications, Jason R. Pennington
Theses and Dissertations
In modern communication systems, bandwidth is a limited commodity. Bandwidth efficient systems are needed to meet the demands of the ever-increasing amount of data that users share. Of particular interest is the U.S. Military, where high-resolution pictures and video are used and shared. In these environments, covert communications are necessary while still providing high data rates. The promise of multi-antenna systems providing higher data rates has been shown on a small scale, but limitations in hardware prevent large systems from being implemented.
Passive Mimo Radar Detection, Daniel E. Hack
Passive Mimo Radar Detection, Daniel E. Hack
Theses and Dissertations
Passive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar is a sensor network comprised of multiple distributed receivers that detects and localizes targets using the emissions from multiple non-cooperative radio frequency transmitters. This dissertation advances the theory of centralized passive MIMO radar (PMR) detection by proposing two novel generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT) detectors. The first addresses detection in PMR networks without direct-path signals. The second addresses detection in PMR networks with direct-path signals. The probability distributions of both test statistics are investigated using recent results from random matrix theory. Equivalence is established between PMR networks without direct-path signals and passive source localization (PSL) …
Learning Enterprise Malware Triage From Automatic Dynamic Analysis, Jonathan S. Bristow
Learning Enterprise Malware Triage From Automatic Dynamic Analysis, Jonathan S. Bristow
Theses and Dissertations
Adversaries employ malware against victims of cyber espionage with the intent of gaining unauthorized access to information. To that end, malware authors intentionally attempt to evade defensive countermeasures based on static methods. This thesis analyzes a dynamic analysis methodology for malware triage that applies at the enterprise scale. This study captures behavior reports from 64,987 samples of malware randomly selected from a large collection and 25,591 clean executable files from operating system install media. Function call information in sequences of behavior generate feature vectors from behavior reports from the les. The results of 64 experiment combinations indicate that using more …
Emulation Of Industrial Control Field Device Protocols, Robert M. Jaromin
Emulation Of Industrial Control Field Device Protocols, Robert M. Jaromin
Theses and Dissertations
It has been shown that thousands of industrial control devices are exposed to the Internet, however, the extent and nature of attacks on such devices remains unknown. The first step to understanding security problems that face modern supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) and industrial controls networks is to understand the various attacks launched on Internet-connected field devices. This thesis describes the design and implementation of an industrial control emulator on a Gumstix single-board computer as a solution. This emulator acts as a decoy field device, or honeypot, intended to be probed and attacked via an Internet connection. Evaluation techniques …
Using Reputation Based Trust To Overcome Malfunctions And Malicious Failures In Electric Power Protection Systems, Jose E. Fadul
Using Reputation Based Trust To Overcome Malfunctions And Malicious Failures In Electric Power Protection Systems, Jose E. Fadul
Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation advocates the use of reputation-based trust in conjunction with a trust management framework based on network flow techniques to form a trust management toolkit (TMT) for the defense of future Smart Grid enabled electric power grid from both malicious and non-malicious malfunctions. Increases in energy demand have prompted the implementation of Smart Grid technologies within the power grid. Smart Grid technologies enable Internet based communication capabilities within the power grid, but also increase the grid's vulnerability to cyber attacks. The benefits of TMT augmented electric power protection systems include: improved response times, added resilience to malicious and non-malicious …
Malicious And Malfunctioning Node Detection Via Observed Physical Layer Data, Tyler J. Hardy
Malicious And Malfunctioning Node Detection Via Observed Physical Layer Data, Tyler J. Hardy
Theses and Dissertations
There are many mechanisms that can cause inadequate or unreliable information in sensor networks. A user of the network might be interested in detecting and classifying specific sensors nodes causing these problems. Several network layer based trust methods have been developed in previous research to assess these issues; in contrast this work develops a trust protocol based on observations of physical layer data collected by the sensors. Observations of physical layer data are used for decisions and calculations, and are based on just the measurements collected by the sensors. Although this information is packaged and distributed on the network layer, …
Creating A Network Model For The Integration Of Dynamic And Static Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition (Scada) Test Environment, Marlon Coerbell
Creating A Network Model For The Integration Of Dynamic And Static Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition (Scada) Test Environment, Marlon Coerbell
Theses and Dissertations
Since 9/11 protecting our critical infrastructure has become a national priority. Presidential Decision Directive 63 mandates and lays a foundation for ensuring all aspects of our nation's critical infrastructure remain secure. Key in this debate is the fact that much of our electrical power grid fails to meet the spirit of this requirement. My research leverages the power afforded by Electric Power and Communication Synchronizing Simulator (EPOCHS) developed with the assistance of Dr. Hopkinson, et al. The power environment is modeled in an electrical simulation environment called PowerWorld©. The network is modeled in OPNET® and populated with self-similar network and …
Evaluating Information Assurance Control Effectiveness On An Air Force Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition (Scada) System, Jason R. Nielsen
Evaluating Information Assurance Control Effectiveness On An Air Force Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition (Scada) System, Jason R. Nielsen
Theses and Dissertations
Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems are increasingly being connected to corporate networks which has dramatically expanded their attack surface to remote cyber attack. Adversaries are targeting these systems with increasing frequency and sophistication. This thesis seeks to answer the research question addressing which Information Assurance (IA) controls are most significant for network defenders and SCADA system managers/operators to focus on in order to increase the security of critical infrastructure systems against a Stuxnet-like cyber attack. This research applies the National Institute of Science and Technology (NIST) IA controls to an attack tree modeled on a remote Stuxnet-like cyber …
Routing Uavs To Co-Optimize Mission Effectiveness And Network Performance With Dynamic Programming, Spenser D. Lee
Routing Uavs To Co-Optimize Mission Effectiveness And Network Performance With Dynamic Programming, Spenser D. Lee
Theses and Dissertations
In support of the Air Force Research Laboratory's (AFRL) vision of the layered sensing operations center, command and control intelligence surveillance and reconnaissance (C2ISR) more focus must be placed on architectures that support information systems, rather than just the information systems themselves. By extending the role of UAVs beyond simply intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) operations and into a dual-role with networking operations we can better utilize our information assets. To achieve the goal of dual-role UAVs, a concrete approach to planning must be taken. This research defines a mathematical model and a non-trivial deterministic algorithmic approach to determining UAV …
Applying Image Matching To Video Analysis, Adam J. Behring
Applying Image Matching To Video Analysis, Adam J. Behring
Theses and Dissertations
Dealing with the volume of multimedia collected on a daily basis for intelligence gathering and digital forensics investigations requires significant manual analysis. A component of this problem is that a video may be reanalyzed that has already been analyzed. Identifying duplicate video sequences is difficult due to differences in videos of varying quality and size. This research uses a kd-tree structure to increase image matching speed. Keypoints are generated and added to a kd-tree of a large dimensionality (128 dimensions). All of the keypoints for the set of images are used to construct a global kd-tree, which allows nearest neighbor …
Attaining Realistic Simulations Of Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks, Derek J. Huber
Attaining Realistic Simulations Of Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks, Derek J. Huber
Theses and Dissertations
Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANET) are comprised of wireless systems that communicate without the assistance of centrally managed routers or base stations. MANET research and development has increased due to computing technologies offering smaller, faster, smarter, and more power efficient platforms to operate on. Largely the testing and evaluation of new and existing MANET protocols has resided in simulation environments. This is due in part to the complexities and expenses incurred when conducting real world tests. Many researchers have come to recognize that these current simulations tend to assume away critical components of the MANET domain. These assumptions are made either …
Reputation-Based Trust For A Cooperative, Agent-Based Backup Protection Scheme For Power Networks, John F. Borowski
Reputation-Based Trust For A Cooperative, Agent-Based Backup Protection Scheme For Power Networks, John F. Borowski
Theses and Dissertations
This thesis research explores integrating a reputation-based trust mechanism with an agent-based backup protection system to improve the performance of traditional backup relay methods that are currently in use in power transmission systems. Integrating agent technology into relay protection schemes has been previously proposed to clear faults more rapidly and to add precision by enabling the use of adaptive protection methods. A distributed, cooperative trust system such as that used in peer-to-peer file sharing networks has the potential to add an additional layer of defense in a protection system designed to operate with greater autonomy. This trust component enables agents …
Static And Dynamic Component Obfuscation On Reconfigurable Devices, Camdon R. Cady
Static And Dynamic Component Obfuscation On Reconfigurable Devices, Camdon R. Cady
Theses and Dissertations
Computing systems are used in virtually every aspect of our lives. Technology such as smart phones and electronically controlled subsystems in cars is becoming so commonly used that it is virtually ubiquitous. Sometimes, this technology can be exploited to perform functions that it was never intended to perform, or fail to provide information that it is supposed to protect. X-HIA was shown to be effective at identifying several circuit components in a significantly shorter time than previous identification methods. Instead of requiring a number of input/output pairings that grows factorially or exponentially as the circuit size grows, it requires only …
Modeling Computer Communication Networks In A Realistic 3d Environment, Charles R. Rowell Jr.
Modeling Computer Communication Networks In A Realistic 3d Environment, Charles R. Rowell Jr.
Theses and Dissertations
Communication network simulations have typically been visualized in the past through 2D representations, but this is insufficient for battlefield network scenarios. Visual representations of battlefield networks greatly benefit from 3D visualization due to its ability to retain asset location. This research investigates the feasibility of modeling a typical battlefield communication network in a realistic 3D manner and discusses the effects of doing so. The result is an open source, 3D network visualization tool that can create highly intuitive connected battlefield scenes, enabling the user to quickly comprehend network state. It highlights mobile assets, packet movement, and node connectivity while allowing …
Decisive Routing And Admission Control According To Quality Of Service Constraints, Cindy C. Reese
Decisive Routing And Admission Control According To Quality Of Service Constraints, Cindy C. Reese
Theses and Dissertations
This research effort examines, models, and proposes options to enhance command and control for decision makers when applied to the communications network. My goal is to research the viability of combining three students’ past research efforts and expanding and enhancing those efforts. The area of this research is predicting a snapshot of the communications network, context-aware routing between network nodes, and Quality of Service-based routing optimization in order to create an intelligent routing protocol platform. It will consolidate efforts from an Intelligent Agent Based Framework to Maximize Information Utility by Captain John Pecarina, Dialable Cryptography for Wireless Networks by Major …
Using A Multiobjective Approach To Balance Mission And Network Goals Within A Delay Tolerant Network Topology, Anthony L. Larweck
Using A Multiobjective Approach To Balance Mission And Network Goals Within A Delay Tolerant Network Topology, Anthony L. Larweck
Theses and Dissertations
This thesis investigates how to incorporate aspects of an Air Tasking Order (ATO), a Communications Tasking Order (CTO), and a Network Tasking Order (NTO) within a cognitive network framework. This was done in an effort to aid the commander and or network operator by providing automation for battlespace management to improve response time and potential inconsistent problem resolution. In particular, autonomous weapon systems such as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) were the focus of this research This work implemented a simple cognitive process by incorporating aspects of behavior based robotic control principles to solve the multi-objective optimization problem of balancing both …
The Benefits Of A Network Tasking Order In Combat Search And Rescue Missions, Murat Gocmen
The Benefits Of A Network Tasking Order In Combat Search And Rescue Missions, Murat Gocmen
Theses and Dissertations
Networked communications play a crucial role in United States Armed Forces operations. As the military moves towards more network centric (Net-Centric) operations, it becomes increasingly important to use the network as effectively as possible with respect to the overall mission. This thesis advocates the use of a Network Tasking Order (NTO), which allows operators to reason about the network based on asset movement, capabilities, and communication requirements. These requirements are likely to be derived from the Air Tasking Order (ATO), which gives insight into the plan for physical assets in a military mission. In this research we illustrate the benefit …
Voice Traffic Over Mobile Ad Hoc Networks: A Performance Analysis Of The Optimized Link State Routing Protocol, Lady Noreen P. Santos
Voice Traffic Over Mobile Ad Hoc Networks: A Performance Analysis Of The Optimized Link State Routing Protocol, Lady Noreen P. Santos
Theses and Dissertations
This thesis investigates the performance of the Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR) protocol on Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) applications in Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs). Using VoIP over MANETs takes advantage of the mobility and versatility of a MANET environment and the flexibility and interoperability a digital voice format affords. Research shows that VoIP-like traffic can be routed through an ad hoc network using the Ad hoc On-demand Distance Vector routing protocol. This research determines the suitability of OLSR as a routing protocol for MANETs running VoIP applications. Representative VoIP traffic is submitted to a MANET and end-to-end delay …
Stochastic Estimation And Control Of Queues Within A Computer Network, Mingook Kim
Stochastic Estimation And Control Of Queues Within A Computer Network, Mingook Kim
Theses and Dissertations
Captain Nathan C. Stuckey implemented the idea of the stochastic estimation and control for network in OPNET simulator. He used extended Kalman filter to estimate packet size and packet arrival rate of network queue to regulate queue size. To validate stochastic theory, network estimator and controller is designed by OPNET model. These models validated the transient queue behavior in OPNET and work of Kalman filter by predicting the queue size and arrival rate. However, it was not enough to verify a theory by experiment. So, it needed to validate the stochastic control theory with other tools to get high validity. …
Optimized Robust Adaptive Networks In Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition Systems, Luis A. Oquendo Class
Optimized Robust Adaptive Networks In Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition Systems, Luis A. Oquendo Class
Theses and Dissertations
This thesis investigates the application of a Exponential Weighted Moving Average (EWMA) to be used as a memory buffer in conjunction with Special Protection Schemes (SPS) using the Electric Power and Communication Synchronizing Simulator (EPOCHS). It is proposed that using an SPS incorporating EWMA can compensate for the network layer lack of guarantee of packet delivery and provide for the stability and integrity of the power grid under a catastrophic event. The performance of the proposed SPS is evaluated using a discrete event computer simulation developed using the NS2 network simulator and the Power System Simulator for Engineering (PSS/E) power …
The Evaluation Of Rekeying Protocols Within The Hubenko Architecture As Applied To Wireless Sensor Networks, Cory J. Antosh
The Evaluation Of Rekeying Protocols Within The Hubenko Architecture As Applied To Wireless Sensor Networks, Cory J. Antosh
Theses and Dissertations
This thesis investigates the impact of using three different rekeying protocols–pair-wise, hierarchical, and Secure Lock within a wireless sensor network (WSN) under the Hubenko architecture. Using a Matlab computer simulation, the impact of the three rekeying protocols on the number of bits transmitted across the network and the amount of battery power consumed in WSN nodes during rekey operations is investigated. Baseline pair-wise rekeying performance can be improved by using either Secure Lock or hierarchical rekeying. The best choice depends on the size of the WSN and the size of the key used. Hierarchical rekeying is the best choice for …
Adaptive Control Of Woofer-Tweeter Adaptive Optics, Jimmie J. Perez
Adaptive Control Of Woofer-Tweeter Adaptive Optics, Jimmie J. Perez
Theses and Dissertations
Adaptive optics applies advanced sensing and control to improve the ability of optical systems to collect images through a turbulent atmosphere. The results of this research effort demonstrate that the combination of two recent approaches improves the performance of adaptive optics in directed energy and laser communication scenarios. The first approach is adaptive control, which offers improved performance over fixed-gain controllers in the presence of rapidly changing turbulence. The second approach incorporated into the study is a dual-mirror system. The two mirrors are a high-bandwidth, low-actuator-stroke (tweeter) mirror and a low-bandwidth, large actuator-stroke (woofer) mirror. The woofer-tweeter combination allows for …