Computer Engineering Commons^™

Volume Holographic Optical Elements, Ching-Cherng Sun, Partha P. Banerjee

Partha Banerjee

The final two papers are concerned with the analysis of novel holograms. Banerjee et al. investigate holographic recording and reconstruction for edge-lit holograms recorded in a 90-degree geometry. Various cases of recording and readout that incorporate propagational diffraction have been modeled. It is shown that the 90-degree geometry can result in beam shaping, as evidenced through preliminary experimental results with photorefractive lithium niobate. Nguyen et al. propose a new approach for designing computer-generated holograms. An artificial neural network is used to initiate the genetic algorithm so that the high computation cost of genetic algorithms for synthesizing holograms is significantly reduced …

Chemical Dynamics Of Aluminum Nanoparticles In Ammonium Nitrate And Ammonium Perchlorate Matrices: Enhanced Reactivity Of Organically Capped Aluminum, William K. Lewis, Barbara A. Harruff-Miller, Joseph R. Gord, Andrew T. Rosenberger, Thomas M. Sexton, Elena A. Guliants, Christopher E. Bunker

Elena A. Guliants

Aluminum nanoparticles have been a subject of active investigation in recent years because of their potential to enhance the energy content of energetic materials. The associated kinetics of the chemical reaction and energy release are, in many cases, governed by the properties of the passivation layer protecting the particle rather than those of the underlying metal core. The passivation layer of Al particles is typically an oxide shell several nanometers thick, but other possibilities are now available. We have previously developed synthesis routes to produce air-stable Al nanoparticles that are capped by oleic acid. In the present study, we examine …

Carbon Nanoparticles As Visible-Light Photocatalysts For Efficient Co2 Conversion And Beyond, Li Cao, Sushant Sahu, Parambath Anilkumar, Christopher E. Bunker, Juan Xu, K. A. Shiral Fernando, Ping Wang, Elena A. Guliants, Kenneth N. Tackett Ii, Ya-Ping Sun

Elena A. Guliants

Increasing atmospheric CO2 levels have generated much concern, driving the ongoing carbon sequestration effort. A compelling CO2 sequestration option is its photocatalytic conversion to hydrocarbons, for which the use of solar irradiation represents an ultimate solution. Here we report a new strategy of using surface-functionalized small carbon nanoparticles to harvest visible photons for subsequent charge separation on the particle surface in order to drive the efficient photocatalytic process. The aqueous solubility of the catalysts enables photoreduction under more desirable homogeneous reaction conditions. Beyond CO2 conversion, the nanoscale carbon-based photocatalysts are also useful for the photogeneration of H2 from water under …

Platform-Specific Code Generation From Platform-Independent Timed Models, Baekgyu Kim, Lu Feng, Oleg Sokolsky, Insup Lee

Oleg Sokolsky

Many safety-critical real-time embedded systems need to meet stringent timing constraints such as preserving delay bounds between input and output events. In model-based development, a system is often implemented by using a code generator to automatically generate source code from system models, and integrating the generated source code with a platform. It is challenging to guarantee that the implemented systems preserve required timing constraints, because the timed behavior of the source code and the platform is closely intertwined. In this paper, we address this challenge by proposing a model transformation approach for the code generation. Our approach compensates the platform-processing …

From Requirements To Code: Model Based Development Of A Medical Cyber Physical System, Anitha Murugesan, Mats Heimdahl, Michael Whalen, Sanjai Rayadurgam, John Komp, Lian Duan, Baekgyu Kim, Oleg Sokolsky, Insup Lee

Oleg Sokolsky

The advanced use of technology in medical devices has improved the way health care is delivered to patients. Unfortunately, the increased complexity of modern medical devices poses challenges for development, assurance, and regulatory approval. In an e ort to improve the safety of advanced medical devices, organizations such as FDA have supported exploration of techniques to aid in the development and regulatory approval of such systems. In an ongoing research project, our aim is to provide effective development techniques and exemplars of system development artifacts that demonstrate state of the art development techniques.

In this paper we present an end-to-end …

Verified Ros-Based Deployment Of Platform-Independent Control Systems, Wenrui Meng, Junkil Park, Oleg Sokolsky, Stephanie Weirich, Insup Lee

Oleg Sokolsky

The paper considers the problem of model-based deployment of platform-independent control code on a specific platform. The approach is based on automatic generation of platform-specific glue code from an architectural model of the system. We present a tool, ROSGen, that generates the glue code based on a declarative specification of platform interfaces. Our implementation targets the popular Robot Operating System (ROS) platform. We demonstrate that the code generation process is amenable to formal verification. The code generator is implemented in Coq and relies on the infrastructure provided by the CompCert and VST tool. We prove that the generated code always …

Verified Ros-Based Deployment Of Platform-Independent Control Systems, Wenrui Meng, Junkil Park, Oleg Sokolsky, Stephanie Weirich, Insup Lee

Oleg Sokolsky

The paper considers the problem of model-based deployment of platform-independent control code on a specific platform. The approach is based on automatic generation of platform-specific glue code from an architectural model of the system. We present a tool, ROSGen, that generates the glue code based on a declarative specification of platform interfaces. Our implementation targets the popular Robot Operating System (ROS) platform. We demonstrate that the code generation process is amenable to formal verification. The code generator is implemented in Coq and relies on the infrastructure provided by the CompCert and VST tool. We prove that the generated code always …

Automatic Verification Of Linear Controller Software, Miroslav Pajic, Junkil Park, Insup Lee, George Pappas, Oleg Sokolsky

Oleg Sokolsky

We consider the problem of verification of software implementations of linear time-invariant controllers. Commonly, different implementations use different representations of the controller’s state, for example due to optimizations in a third-party code generator. To accommodate this variation, we exploit input-output controller specification captured by the controller’s transfer function and show how to automatically verify correctness of C code controller implementations using a Frama-C/Why3/Z3 toolchain. Scalability of the approach is evaluated using randomly generated controller specifications of realistic size.

From Requirements To Code: Model Based Development Of A Medical Cyber Physical System, Anitha Murugesan, Mats Heimdahl, Michael Whalen, Sanjai Rayadurgam, John Komp, Lian Duan, Baekgyu Kim, Oleg Sokolsky, Insup Lee

Oleg Sokolsky

The advanced use of technology in medical devices has improved the way health care is delivered to patients. Unfortunately, the increased complexity of modern medical devices poses challenges for development, assurance, and regulatory approval. In an e ort to improve the safety of advanced medical devices, organizations such as FDA have supported exploration of techniques to aid in the development and regulatory approval of such systems. In an ongoing research project, our aim is to provide effective development techniques and exemplars of system development artifacts that demonstrate state of the art development techniques.

In this paper we present an end-to-end …

Platform-Specific Code Generation From Platform-Independent Timed Models, Baekgyu Kim, Lu Feng, Oleg Sokolsky, Insup Lee

Oleg Sokolsky

Many safety-critical real-time embedded systems need to meet stringent timing constraints such as preserving delay bounds between input and output events. In model-based development, a system is often implemented by using a code generator to automatically generate source code from system models, and integrating the generated source code with a platform. It is challenging to guarantee that the implemented systems preserve required timing constraints, because the timed behavior of the source code and the platform is closely intertwined. In this paper, we address this challenge by proposing a model transformation approach for the code generation. Our approach compensates the platform-processing …

A Data-Driven Behavior Modeling And Analysis Framework For Diabetic Patients On Insulin Pumps, Sanjian Chen, Lu Feng, Michael Rickels, Amy Peleckis, Oleg Sokolsky, Insup Lee

Oleg Sokolsky

About 30%-40% of Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) patients in the United States use insulin pumps. Current insulin infusion systems require users to manually input meal carb count and approve or modify the system-suggested meal insulin dose. Users can give correction insulin boluses at any time. Since meal carbohydrates and insulin are the two main driving forces of the glucose physiology, the user-specific eating and pump-using behavior has a great impact on the quality of glycemic control.

In this paper, we propose an “Eat, Trust, and Correct” (ETC) framework to model the T1D insulin pump users’ behavior. We use machine learning …

Session D-4: Coolhub.Imsa: Collaborative Innovation In Action, Carl Heine, James Gerry

Carl Heine

Transform STEM teaching and learning with CoolHub.IMSA, a free virtual platform where youth and adults collaborate on projects they create. Explore the site through the eyes of project members and discover powerful ways to collaborate, innovate and network for learning.

Enhancing Classroom Learning Experience By Providing Structures To Microblogging-Based Activities, Tian Luo, Fei Gao

Fei Gao

Microblogging tools such as Twitter have been frequently adopted in educational settings to facilitate learning in recent years. Although the original purpose of microblogging tools is to connect with others in a wide network and instantly share what is happening to them with the rest of the world, educators have vigorously attempted to repurpose the utilization of the tool and integrate it into various educational settings to promote student learning. The purpose of this study is to examine student learning experience under a set of structured microblogging-based activities and to identify the affordances and constraints of the technology. Students participated …

Designing A Discussion Environment To Enhance Connectivity And Sustainability In Asynchronous Online Discussion, Fei Gao

Fei Gao

Lack of connectivity and sustainability are two common problems in asynchronous online discussions. In this paper, the author proposes that the two problems may have to do with the structure of threaded forums, that is, the design of threaded forums may constrain participants from having well-connected and sustained discussions. A new discussion environment was developed to promote the connectivity and sustainability of discussion in an online course, and an exploratory study was conducted to test the effectiveness of the new environment.

Achieving Consistency In An Fk/Ik Interface For A Seven Degree Of Freedom Kinematic Chain, John Mcdonald, Rosalee Wolfe, Karen Alkoby, Roymeico Carter, Mary Jo Davidson, Jacob Furst, Damien Hinkle, Bret Knoll, Glenn Lancaster, Lori Smallwood, Nedjla Ougouag, Jerry Schnepp

Jerry C Schnepp

Conference proceedings from the 13th International Conference in Central Europe on Computer Graphics, Visualization and Interactive Digital Media-2005. Plzen, Czech Republic, February 2005, pp 171-179.

Using Essence Reflection Meetings In Team-Based Project Courses, Todd Sedano, Cécile Péraire

Cécile Péraire

No abstract provided.

Towards Generating Essence Kernels Using Genetic Algorithms, Todd Sedano, Cécile Péraire

Cécile Péraire

The Software Engineering Method and Theory (SEMAT) community created the Essence kernel as a unifying framework for describing and analyzing software engineering endeavors. The Essence kernel is based upon human experience and judgment, not empirical data.

Background: At Carnegie Mellon University in Silicon Valley, we have collected data from masters of science in software engineering students as they complete a team-based project course as their capstone or practicum project using the Essence kernel. Each week, the team recorded their progress in an Essence Reflection meeting. This data serves as training data for evaluating the Essence kernel and alternative candidate kernels. …

Embodied Interaction With Visualization And Spatial Navigation In Time-Sensitive Scenarios, Yu-Ting Li, Juan Wachs

Yu-Ting Li

Paraphrasing the theory of embodied cognition, all aspects of our cognition are determined primarily by the contextual information and the means of physical interaction with data and information. In hybrid human-machine systems involving complex decision making, continuously maintaining a high level of attention while employing a deep understanding concerning the task performed as well as its context are essential. Utilizing embodied interaction to interact with machines has the potential to promote thinking and learning according to the theory of embodied cognition proposed by Lakoff. Additionally, the hybrid human-machine system utilizing natural and intuitive communication channels (e.g., gestures, speech, and body …

Sensor Data As A Service - A Federated Platform For Mobile Data-Centric Service Development And Sharing, Jia Zhang, Bob Iannucci, Mark Hennessy, Kaushik Gopal, Sean Xiao, Sumeet Kumar, David Pfeffer, Basmah Aljedia, Yuan Ren, Martin Griss, Steven Rosenberg, Jordan Cao, Anthony Rowe

Jia Zhang

The Internet of Things (IoT) offers the promise of integrating the digital world of the Internet with the phys-ical world in which we live. But realizing this promise necessitates a systematic approach to integrating the sensors, actuators, and information on which they operate into the Internet we know today. This paper reports the design and development of an open community-oriented platform aiming to support federated sensor data as a service, featuring interoperability and reusability of heterogeneous sensor data and data services. The concepts of virtual sensors and virtual devices are identified as central autonomic units to model scalable and context-aware …

Bridging Vistrails Scientific Workflow Management System To High Performance Computing, Jia Zhang, Petr Votava, Tsengdar J. Lee, Owen Chu, Clyde Li, David Liu, Kate Liu, Norman Xin, Ramakrishna Nemani

Jia Zhang

NASA Earth Exchange (NEX) is a collaboration platform whose goal is to accelerate Earth science research, by leveraging NASA’s vast collections of global satellite data together with access to NASA’s High-End Computing (HEC) facilities. NEX also aims to facilitate the sharing of experimental results as well as scientific processes (workflows) with the Earth science community through integration with VisTrails workflow management system. While VisTrails is used internally, it is not easily accessible from remote computers without directly logging into the NASA HEC systems through two-factor authentication and a bastion host. This paper describes the initial design of an extensible architecture …

A Technique Of Analyzing Trust Relationships To Facilitate Scientific Service Discovery And Recommendation, Jia Zhang, Petr Votava, Tsengdar J. Lee, Shrikant Adhikarla, Isaraporn Kulkumjon, Matthew Schlau, Divya Natesan, Ramakrishna Nemani

Jia Zhang

Most of the existing service discovery methods focus on finding candidate services based on functional and non-functional requirements. However, while the open science community engenders many similar scientific services, how to differentiate them remains a challenge. This paper proposes a trust model that leverages the implicit human factor to help quantify the trustworthiness of candidate services. A hierarchical Knowledge-Social-Trust (KST) network model is established to draw hidden information from various publication repositories (e.g., DBLP) and social networks (e.g., Twitter). As a proof of concept, a prototyping service has been developed to help scientists evaluate and visualize trust of services. The …

1891 Eruption Of Foerstner Volcano (Pantelleria, Sicily): Insights Into The Vent Structure Of Basaltic Balloon Eruptions, J. Kelly, S. Carey, K. Croff-Bell, C. Roman, M. Rosi, M. Marani, M. Pistolesi, E. Baker

Christopher N. Roman

AGU session number V21A-2750.

At The Tone, The Time Will Be... Unknown – A Perspective On The Evolution Of Time In Telecommunications, Robert Iannucci

Robert A Iannucci

No abstract provided.

A Pipeline For Structured Light Bathymetric Mapping, Gabrielle Inglis, Clara Smart, J. Vaughn, Chris Roman

Christopher N. Roman

This paper details a methodology for using structured light laser imaging to create high resolution bathymetric maps of the sea floor. The system includes a pair of stereo cameras and an inclined 532nm sheet laser mounted to a remotely operated vehicle (ROV). While a structured light system generally requires a single camera, a stereo vision set up is used here for in-situ calibration of the laser system geometry by triangulating points on the laser line. This allows for quick calibration at the survey site and does not require precise jigs or a controlled environment. A batch procedure to extract the …

International Ict Research Collaboration: Experiences And Recommendations, Erich Prem, Emma Barron, Arcot Desai Narasimhalu, Ian Morgan

Arcot Desai NARASIMHALU

This paper presents results of a study into the collaboration experiences of researchers. The focus is on long-distance collaboration in information and communication technologies (ICT) research and technology development, i.e. between the EU on the one side and Australia, Singapore or New Zealand on the other. The aim of the study was to provide useful recommendations for researchers who engage in international collaboration and to improve the quality of international co-operation projects. The emphasis here is on the views and experiences of Europe"s international partners. The paper analysis collaboration motives, challenges, co-operation types and provides recommendations for project initiation, networking, …

Lachesis: A Job Scheduler For The Cray T3e, Allen B. Downey

Allen B. Downey

This paper presents the design and implementation of Lachesis, a job scheduler for the Cray T3E. Lachesis was developed at the San Diego Supercomputer Center (SDSC) in an attempt to correct some problems with the scheduling system Cray provides with the T3E.

A Long-Duration Study Of User-Trained 802.11 Localization, Andrew Barry, Benjamin Fisher, Mark Chang

Mark L. Chang

We present an indoor wireless localization system that is capable of room-level localization based solely on 802.11 network signal strengths and user-supplied training data. Our system naturally gathers dense data in places that users frequent while ignoring unvisited areas. By utilizing users, we create a comprehensive localization system that requires little off-line operation and no access to private locations to train. We have operated the system for over a year with more than 200 users working on a variety of laptops. To encourage use, we have implemented a live map that shows user locations in real-time, allowing for quick and …

Low-Cost Stereo Vision On An Fpga, Chris A. Murphy, Daniel Lindquist, Ann Marie Rynning, Thomas Cecil, Sarah Leavitt, Mark L. Chang

Mark L. Chang

We present a low-cost stereo vision implementation suitable for use in autonomous vehicle applications and designed with agricultural applications in mind. This implementation utilizes the Census transform algorithm to calculate depth maps from a stereo pair of automotive-grade CMOS cameras. The final prototype utilizes commodity hardware, including a Xilinx Spartan-3 FPGA, to process 320times240 pixel images at greater than 150 frames per second and deliver them via a USB 2.0 interface.

Automated Least-Significant Bit Datapath Optimization For Fpgas, Mark L. Chang, Scott Hauck

Mark L. Chang

In this paper, we present a method for FPGA datapath precision optimization subject to user-defined area and error constraints. This work builds upon our previous research which presented a methodology for optimizing the dynamic range- the most significant bit position. In this work, we present an automated optimization technique for the least-significant bit position of circuit datapaths. We present results describing the effectiveness of our methods on typical signal and image processing kernels.

A User-Defined Exception Handling Framework In The View Scientific Workflow Management System, Dong Yuan, Shiyong Lu, Aravind Mohan, Xubo Fei, Jia Zhang

Jia Zhang

With the advances of e-Science, scientific workflow has become an important tool for researchers to explore scientific discoveries. Although several scientific workflow management systems (SWFMSs) have been developed, their support of exception handling is still limited. In this paper, we introduce our approach of exception handling in the VIEW scientific workflow management system. We propose an exception handling language for scientific workflows based on our workflow model. Both syntax and semantics rules of our language are presented. Different exception handling primitives, such as retry, alternative, and repeat, are supported in our language with flexibility for their composition to provide a …