Computer Engineering Commons^™

Gen-Acceleration: Pioneering Work For Hardware Accelerator Generation Using Large Language Models, Durga Lakshmi Venkata Deepak Vungarala

Theses

Optimizing computational power is critical in the age of data-intensive applications and Artificial Intelligence (AI)/Machine Learning (ML). While facing challenging bottlenecks, conventional Von-Neumann architecture with implementing such huge tasks looks seemingly impossible. Hardware Accelerators are critical in efficiently deploying these technologies and have been vastly explored in edge devices. This study explores a state-of-the-art hardware accelerator; Gemmini is studied; we leveraged the open-sourced tool. Furthermore, we developed a Hardware Accelerator in the study we compared with the Non-Von-Neumann architecture. Gemmini is renowned for efficient matrix multiplication, but configuring it for specific tasks requires manual effort and expertise. We propose implementing …

Application Of Quantum Algorithms In The Synthesis Of Dynamic Objects, Noilakhon Yakubova

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

Around the world, the food industry is focusing on achieving energy and resource efficiency. One of the main challenges in the field of process automation is the creation of effective control systems using intelligent technologies to improve the quality of processes and achieve the production of high-quality products with less energy and resources. Therefore, it is necessary to work with a large amount of data. Particular attention is paid to the development of computational algorithms for automated high-speed computational analysis systems for processing this data at high speed. Therefore, the article discusses the use of quantum computing methods in controlling …

Reducing Food Scarcity: The Benefits Of Urban Farming, S.A. Claudell, Emilio Mejia

Journal of Nonprofit Innovation

Urban farming can enhance the lives of communities and help reduce food scarcity. This paper presents a conceptual prototype of an efficient urban farming community that can be scaled for a single apartment building or an entire community across all global geoeconomics regions, including densely populated cities and rural, developing towns and communities. When deployed in coordination with smart crop choices, local farm support, and efficient transportation then the result isn’t just sustainability, but also increasing fresh produce accessibility, optimizing nutritional value, eliminating the use of ‘forever chemicals’, reducing transportation costs, and fostering global environmental benefits.

Imagine Doris, who is …

Isolation And Characterization Of Caffeine-Degrading Bacteria From Coffee Plantation Areas In Malaysia, Elvina Clarie Dullah, Mohd Fazli Farida Asras

Makara Journal of Technology

Decaffeination by microbial degradation is currently the most optimal and low-cost approach, involving only microbial cells and/or their enzymes. The bacterium was characterized using a series of biochemical tests. Positive results were obtained from carbohydrate fermentation, citrate utilization, and catalase tests, while negative results were obtained from Voges-Proskauer (VP) and indole tests. Three different caffeine concentrations of 0.25%, 0.4%, and 2% were tested and measured through Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrophotometry (GC-MS) analysis. The highest caffeine reduction (89.25%) was found when 0.25% caffeine was used in the media. Only a small amount of caffeine was reduced to 0.4% and 2%, with 34.78% …

Optimization Of The Building Envelope And Roof Shading To Reduce The Energy Consumption Of College Low-Rise Buildings In Indonesia, Nasruddin Nasruddin, Azimil Gani Alam, Mohammad Imroz Sohel

Makara Journal of Technology

Energy consumption in buildings is a crucial concern globally, prompting researchers to explore innovative solutions to mitigate its impact. This study investigates the optimization of building envelopes and roof shading systems of existing buildings in Indonesia to realize notable energy savings. Multiple scenarios were explored, with modifications to building envelopes and roof shading, highlighting the overall thermal transfer value as a key parameter. Using EnergyPlus simulations, the efficacy of natural ventilation in corridors and roof shading modifications was assessed in reducing energy consumption. The findings revealed that renovating existing buildings by optimization of the building envelope and roof shading by …

Control Of Fully-Actuated Aerial Manipulators And Omni-Directional Multirotors, Riley M. Mccarthy

Mechanical Engineering ETDs

This thesis details the system modeling, design, control, simulation, construction, and
testing of both a fully-actuated and omni-directional multirotor aerial system created
for the primary purpose of performing active tasks with their environment. This work
verifies the capabilities of both systems through empirical testing, and demonstrates
how through the use of new control methods and physical designs multirotors can
expand their purpose from passive inspection based tasks to active contact based
tasks. These systems take advantage of newly implemented control allocation features present in the PX4 flight control software, version 1.14. The use of which makes designing controllers for such …

Ensuring Non-Repudiation In Long-Distance Constrained Devices, Ethan Blum

Undergraduate Honors Theses

Satellite communication is essential for the exploration and study of space. Satellites allow communications with many devices and systems residing in space and on the surface of celestial bodies from ground stations on Earth. However, with the rise of Ground Station as a Service (GsaaS), the ability to efficiently send action commands to distant satellites must ensure non-repudiation such that an attacker is unable to send malicious commands to distant satellites. Distant satellites are also constrained devices and rely on limited power, meaning security on these devices is minimal. Therefore, this study attempted to propose a novel algorithm to allow …

Renovating The Ipmu Via Internet Of Things For Pollutant Emission Estimations In Poultry Facilities, Joshua Dotto

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

The emissions of ammonia (NH₃), particulate matter (PM_2.5), and carbon dioxide (CO₂) are major concerns in poultry facilities. They can pose environmental concerns and nuances. Robust and affordable measurement systems are needed to accurately measure in-barn concentrations and quantify the emissions.

The Intelligent Portable Monitoring Unit (iPMU or PMU3) developed in 2016 was reconstructed into PMU4 to include upgraded NH₃ and PM_2.5 sensors and wireless connectivity for a low-cost, robust, and accurate air quality monitoring device with contactless data transfer using the concept of Internet of Things (IoT). In addition, a user-friendly …

Qasm-To-Hls: A Framework For Accelerating Quantum Circuit Emulation On High-Performance Reconfigurable Computers, Anshul Maurya

Theses and Dissertations

High-performance reconfigurable computers (HPRCs) make use of Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) for efficient emulation of quantum algorithms. Generally, algorithm-specific architectures are implemented on the FPGAs and there is very little flexibility. Moreover, mapping a quantum algorithm onto its equivalent FPGA emulation architecture is challenging. In this work, we present an automation framework for converting quantum circuits to their equivalent FPGA emulation architectures. The framework processes quantum circuits represented in Quantum Assembly Language (QASM) and derives high-level descriptions of the hardware emulation architectures for High-Level Synthesis (HLS) on HPRCs. The framework generates the code for a heterogeneous architecture consisting of a …

Amorphous Boron Carbide-Amorphous Silicon Heterojunction Devices, Vojislav Medic

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

This dissertation will show successful development and characterization of amorphous boron carbide-amorphous silicon heterojunction device with potential for neutron detection. The amorphous hydrogenated boron carbide (a-BC:H) has been extensively researched as a semiconductor for neutron voltaic device fabrication. Naturally occurring boron contains 19.8% of boron isotope B¹⁰ that has a high absorption cross section of thermal neutrons at lower energies, and boron carbide contains 14.7% of that B¹⁰ isotope. Therefore, as a semiconductor compound of boron a-BC:H has the ability to absorb radiation, generate charge carriers, and collect those carriers. Previous work on a-BC:H devices investigated the fabrication …

An Investigation Of Match For Lossless Video Compression, Brittany Sullivan-Reicks

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

A new lossless video compression technique, Match, is investigated. Match uses the similarity between the frames of a video or the slices of medical images to find a prediction for the current pixel. A portion of the previous frame is searched to find a matching context, which is the pixels surrounding the current pixel, within some distance centered on the current location. The best distance to use for each dataset is found experimentally. The matching context refers to the neighborhood of w, nw, n, and ne, where the pixel in the previous frame with the closest matching context becomes the …

Low-Power, Event-Driven System On A Chip For Charge Pulse Processing Applications, Joseph A. Schmitz

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

This dissertation presents an electronic architecture and methodology capable of processing charge pulses generated by a range of sensors, including radiation detectors and tactile synthetic skin. These sensors output a charge signal proportional to the input stimulus, which is processed electronically in both the analog and digital domains. The presented work implements this functionality using an event-driven methodology, which greatly reduces power consumption compared to standard implementations. This enables new application areas that require a long operating time or compact physical dimensions, which would not otherwise be possible. The architecture is designed, fabricated, and tested in the aforementioned applications to …

A Modular Framework For Surface-Embedded Actuation And Optical Sensing In Soft Robots., Paul Bupe Jr

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation explores the development and integration of modular technologies in soft robotics, with a focus on the OptiGap sensor system. OptiGap serves as a simple, flexible, cost-effective solution for real-time sensing of bending and deformation, validated through simulation and experimentation. Working as part of an emerging category of soft robotics called Soft, Curved, Reconfigurable, Anisotropic Mechanisms, or SCRAMs, this research also introduces the Thermally-Activated SCRAM Limb (TASL) technology, which employs shape-memory alloy (SMA) wire embedded in curved sheets for surface actuation and served as the initial inspiration for OptiGap. In addition, the EneGate system is presented as a complementary …

Accelerating Machine Learning Inference For Satellite Component Feature Extraction Using Fpgas., Andrew Ekblad

Theses and Dissertations

Running computer vision algorithms requires complex devices with lots of computing power, these types of devices are not well suited for space deployment. The harsh radiation environment and limited power budgets have hindered the ability of running advanced computer vision algorithms in space. This problem makes running an on-orbit servicing detection algorithm very difficult. This work proposes using a low powered FPGA to accelerate the computer vision algorithms that enable satellite component feature extraction. This work uses AMD/Xilinx’s Zynq SoC and DPU IP to run model inference. Experiments in this work centered around improving model post processing by creating implementations …

Melanoma Detection Based On Deep Learning Networks, Sanjay Devaraneni

Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations

Our main objective is to develop a method for identifying melanoma enabling accurate assessments of patient’s health. Skin cancer, such as melanoma can be extremely dangerous if not detected and treated early. Detecting skin cancer accurately and promptly can greatly increase the chances of survival. To achieve this, it is important to develop a computer-aided diagnostic support system. In this study a research team introduces a sophisticated transfer learning model that utilizes Resnet50 to classify melanoma. Transfer learning is a machine learning technique that takes advantage of trained models, for similar tasks resulting in time saving and enhanced accuracy by …

Machine Learning Based Bioinformatics Analysis Of Intron Usage Alterations And Metabolic Regulation In Adipose Browning, Hamza Umut Karakurt, Pinar Pi̇r

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Adipose tissue is the major energy depot of the body and is considered an endocrine organ. Adipose tissue involves many different cell types, first and foremost, the adipocytes. White adipose cells that store fat and brown adipocytes that take part in lipid oxidation and heat generation are the most common cell types in adipose tissue. Even though brown adipocytes which have a high number of mitochondria and high fat-burning capacity are rare in adults, they are abundant in newborns and rodents. White adipocytes can gain a temporal brown-like character with a process called browning, which can be induced with cold …

Fuzzycsampling: A Hybrid Fuzzy C-Means Clustering Sampling Strategy For Imbalanced Datasets, Abdullah Maraş, Çi̇ğdem Erol

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Classification model with imbalanced datasets is recently one of the most researched areas in machine learning applications since they induce to the emergence of low-performing machine learning models. The imbalanced datasets occur if target variables have an uneven number of examples in a dataset. The most prevalent solutions to imbalanced datasets can be categorized as data preprocessing, ensemble techniques, and cost-sensitive learning. In this article, we propose a new hybrid approach for binary classification, named FuzzyCSampling, which aims to increase model performance by ensembling fuzzy c-means clustering and data sampling solutions. This article compares the proposed approaches' results not only …

A Novel Computing Scheme Based On Pattern Matching For Identification Of Nephron Loss And Chronic Kidney Disease Stage, Rehan Ahmad, Basant Mohanty

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Nephrons are the basic filtering units of the kidneys. Progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) destroys nephrons permanently. Although there are many computing schemes suggested in recent years to identify CKD stages, no computing method has been suggested for identifying the nephron loss within kidney regions during CKD progression. In this paper, a novel pattern matching-based computation scheme is proposed to detect nephron loss in the kidney regions during CKD progression. We consider image registration (IR) with different transforms and a structural similarity index algorithm (SSIM) to match patterns of ultrasound images of kidney regions to identify the nephron loss. …

New Modified Carrier-Based Level-Shifted Pwm Control For Npc Rectifiers Considered For Implementation In Ev Fast Chargers, Merve Mollahasanoğlu, Hakki Mollahasanoğlu, Hali̇l İbrahi̇m Okumuş

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

In this study, the aim is to evaluate three-phase (3?) AC/DC neutral point-clamped (NPC) power factor corrected (PFC) multilevel converter performance for electric vehicle (EV) fast chargers. Power factor correction for EV fast chargers is very important in terms of efficient power usage and charger compatibility with the grid. Multilevel converters improve charging efficiency, reduce voltage stresses on components, minimize electromagnetic interference, and support high power capabilities. For this reason, multilevel converters with the PFC feature contribute to the reliable and effective operation of the fast-charging infrastructure. Rectifier analysis is tested with extensive simulations using a new modified carrier-based level-shifted …

A Comparative Study Of Blind Source Separation Methods, Burak Baysal, Mehmet Önder Efe

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Blind source separation is a popular research topic used for decomposing mixed signals, particularly in the field of music. In addition to exploring machine learning-based approaches, this study aims to examine the performance of classical algorithms in separating audio signal sources. The evaluation of different genres is a significant aspect of this study as the performance of the methods may vary across various musical genres and different audio components. This consideration provides a novel perspective and contributes to a comprehensive analysis of the algorithms. Using the MusDB-HQ dataset, we conducted experimental studies comparing classical algorithms, including FastICA, NMF, and DUET, …

A Comparative Study Of Yolo Models And A Transformer-Based Yolov5 Model For Mass Detection In Mammograms, Damla Coşkun, Dervi̇ş Karaboğa, Alper Baştürk, Bahri̇ye Akay, Özkan Ufuk Nalbantoğlu, Serap Doğan, İshak Paçal, Meryem Altin Karagöz

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Breast cancer is a prevalent form of cancer across the globe, and if it is not diagnosed at an early stage it can be life-threatening. In order to aid in its diagnosis, detection, and classification, computer-aided detection (CAD) systems are employed. You Only Look Once (YOLO)-based CAD algorithms have become very popular owing to their highly accurate results for object detection tasks in recent years. Therefore, the most popular YOLO models are implemented to compare the performance in mass detection with various experiments on the INbreast dataset. In addition, a YOLO model with an integrated Swin Transformer in its backbone …

Charge Transfer Evaluation In Solid Insulating Materials Encapsulating The Gaseous Voids Of Submillimeter Dimensions Using Transmission Line Method, Amin Shamsi, Alireza Ganjovi, Amir Abas Shayegani Akmal

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

In this work, using a lumped RC circuit model which is based on transmission line modeling (TLM) method, the charge transfer in a solid insulating system encapsulating a gaseous void of submillimeter dimensions is evaluated. Here, both the dielectric material and gaseous void are considered simultaneously as a transmission line. The transmission line includes the capacitive and resistance elements and, the obtained circuit equations were coupled with the continuity and kinetic energy equations for charged species along with Poisson's equation. These equations are solved via 4th order Runge-Kutta method and, the electric field and potential, density of all the charged …

Lsav: Lightweight Source Address Validation In Sdn To Counteract Ip Spoofing-Based Ddos Attacks, Ali̇ Karakoç, Fati̇h Alagöz

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

In this paper, we propose a design to detect and prevent IP spoofing-based distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks on software-defined networks (SDNs). DDoS attacks are still one of the significant problems for internet service providers (ISPs) and individual users. These attacks can disrupt customer services by targeting the availability of the system, and in some cases, they can completely shut down the target infrastructure. Protecting the system against DDoS attacks is therefore crucial for ensuring the reliability and availability of internet services. To address this problem, we propose a lightweight source address validation (LSAV) framework that leverages the flexibility …

Exploring The Impact Of Training Datasets On Turkish Stance Detection, Muhammed Sai̇d Zengi̇n, Berk Utku Yeni̇sey, Mücahi̇d Kutlu

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Stance detection has garnered considerable attention from researchers due to its broad range of applications, including fact-checking and social computing. While state-of-the-art stance detection models are usually based on supervised machine learning methods, their effectiveness is heavily reliant on the quality of training data. This problem is more prevalent in stance detection task because the stance of a text is intimately tied to the target under consideration. While numerous datasets exist for stance detection, determining their suitability for a specific target can be challenging. In this work, we focus on Turkish stance detection and explore the impact of training data …

A Practical Low-Dimensional Feature Vector Generation Method Based On Wavelet Transform For Psychophysiological Signals, Erdem Erkan, Yasemi̇n Erkan

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

High-dimensional feature vectors entail computational cost and computational complexity. However, a successful classification can be obtained with an optimally sized feature vector consisting of distinctive features. With the widespread use of the internet and mobile devices, the need for systems with low computational costs is increasing day by day. In this study, starting from the idea that each motor imagery is represented as a subject-specific pattern in the brain, we propose a new and practical method that can generate a low-dimensional feature vector based on wavelet transform. The feature vector is obtained from the correlation between each trial and each …

Feature Selection Optimization With Filtering And Wrapper Methods: Two Disease Classification Cases, Serhat Ati̇k, Tuğba Dalyan

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Discarding the less informative and redundant features helps to reduce the time required to train a learning algorithm and the amount of storage required, improving the learning accuracy as well as the quality of results. In this study, we present different feature selection approaches to address the problem of disease classification based on the Parkinson and Cardiac Arrhythmia datasets. For this purpose, first we utilize three filtering algorithms including the Pearson correlation coefficient, Spearman correlation coefficient, and relief. Second, metaheuristic algorithms are compared to find the most informative subset of the features to obtain better classification accuracy. As a final …

Kwad - Ksu All Weather Autonomous Drone, Nick Farinacci, Sebastian Gomez, Stewart Baker, Ed Sheridan

Symposium of Student Scholars

"KWAD" or "KSU all-Weather Autonomous Drone" project was sponsored by Ultool, LLC to the KSU Research and Service Foundation to create a lightweight drone capable of capturing HD video during all-weather operations. The conditions of all-weather operation include rainfall of one inch per hour and wind speeds of up to twenty miles per hour. In addition, a global minimum structural safety factor of two is required to ensure the system's integrity in extreme weather conditions. Potential mission profiles include autonomous aerial delivery, topological mapping in high moisture areas, security surveillance, search and rescue operations, emergency transportation of medical supplies, and …

The Roadmap To An Improved Braille Display Design, Emma Garofalo, Trey Alexander, Luke Shankland, Michael Smith, Michael Cheng, Michael Bishai, Lauren Sun

Student Scholar Symposium Abstracts and Posters

Our innovative braille display, focused on affordability and education, fills a notable void in the market of refreshable braille displays, which are typically costly and not designed primarily for educational use. This product stands out as an economical educational aid for people with visual impairments. It features a system where pressing a keyboard alphabet key corresponds to specific braille pins, allowing for the display of letters or characters. Additionally, our design can represent simple geometric shapes, like circles or squares, using the braille pins. When these pins are raised, the user can feel the braille representation of the character or …

The Effects Of Engineering Summer Camps On Middle And High School Students’ Engineering Interest And Identity Formation: A Multi-Methods Study, Timothy Robinson, Adam Kirn, Jenny Amos, Indira Chatterjee

Journal of Pre-College Engineering Education Research (J-PEER)

This multi-methods study explores changes in engineering interest and identity of middle and high school students (n = 79) attending introductory-level engineering summer camps at a large western land grant university. Middle school is a critical time when student interest, identity, and subsequently career choice begin to emerge and hence it is important that at this age students are given accurate information about engineering majors in college and future career opportunities in engineering. Data were collected over a period of two years in six summer camps. Three separate populations of middle and high school students participated in the summer …

Poster: Optimising Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure In Dublin Using Geecharge, Alexander Mutiso Mutua, Ruairí De Fréin, Ali Malik, Kibanza Eliel, Sahbane Marco, Pantel Maxime

Conference papers

Range anxiety is a significant challenge affecting electric vehicles use as drivers fear running out of charge without finding a charging point on time. We develop methods to optimise the distribution of charging points. EV portacharge and GEECharge solutions distribute charging points in a city by considering the population density and Points Of Interest (POI) or road traffic. This paper focuses on (1) developing and evaluating methods to distribute Charging Points (CPs) in Dublin city; (2) optimising CP allocation; (3) visualising paths in the graph network to show the most used roads and points of interest; (4) describing a way …