Chemical Engineering Commons^™

My Cv 2010, Sandip K. Lahiri

Dr. Sandip Kumar Lahiri

No abstract provided.

Development Of Support Vector Regression Based Soft Sensor, Sunil Kumar Sawke Mr.

Sunil Kumar Sawke

This article describes a systematic approach to the inferential measurement developments of carbonate and bicarbonate ratio, using support vector regression (SVR) analysis. Given historic process data, a simple SVR based soft sensor model is found capable of identifying and capturing the cause and effect relationship between operating variables (model input) and QC variables so that the final correlation and regression coefficient was understood by process engineers.

Fractional Factorial Design Optimization Of Nontraditional Completion Fluid For Perforation With Underbalance, Abdul Aziz Abdul Raman

Abdul Aziz Abdul Raman

Optimal well performance is always associated with the creation of a clean and undamaged connection between wellbore and reservoir. However, it is apparent that the use of shaped-charge perforating tends to produce perforation-induced formation damage. This damage impairs fluid flow and decreases well productivity. To minimize and eliminate this damage, underbalance perforating should be considered. Underbalance perforating has been considered as one of the best means of providing a transient surge flow for tunnel cleanup. This paper introduces the formulation of super lightweight completion to achieve underbalance condition. The formulation was optimized using fractional factorial design. The result indicates that …

Leaching Mechanism Of Semiconducting Minerals, Fathi Habashi

Fathi Habashi

The mechanism of leaching of semiconducting minerals such as PbS, ZnS, UO2, etc., has been the subject of intensive speculation by hydrometallurgists in the early 1950s. The electrochemical mechanism proposed in 1970 by the author in volume 2 of his Principles of Extractive Metallurgy avoids the assumption of forming intermediate complexes that cannot be isolated or identified.

Molecular Dynamics Simulation Of Fractal Aggregate Diffusion, Gaurav Pranami, Monica H. Lamm, R. Dennis Vigil

R. Dennis Vigil

The diffusion of fractal aggregates constructed with the method by Thouy and Jullien [J. Phys. A 27, 2953 (1994)] comprised of Np spherical primary particles was studied as a function of the aggregate mass and fractal dimension using molecular dynamics simulations. It is shown that finite-size effects have a strong impact on the apparent value of the diffusion coefficient (D), but these can be corrected by carrying out simulations using different simulation box sizes. Specifically, the diffusion coefficient is inversely proportional to the length of a cubic simulation box, and the constant of proportionality appears to be independent of …

Potassium Hydroxide Catalyst Supported On Palm Shell Activated Carbon For Transesterification Of Palm Oil, Abdul Aziz Abdul Raman

Abdul Aziz Abdul Raman

In this study, potassium hydroxide catalyst supported on palm shell activated carbon was developed for transesterification of palm oil. The Central Composite Design (CCD) of the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was employed to investigate the effects of reaction temperature, catalyst loading and methanol to oil molar ratio on the production of biodiesel using activated carbon supported catalyst. The highest yield was obtained at 64.1 °C reaction temperature, 30.3 wt.% catalyst loading and 24:1 methanol to oil molar ratio. The physical and chemical properties of the produced biodiesel met the standard specifications. This study proves that activated carbon supported potassium hydroxide …

Mechanical Properties Of High Blaine Portland Cement, Masoud Rastegar, Kamran Rahmati Shadbad, Ali Hadidi

Masoud Rastegar

No abstract provided.

Regulating Factors In Anthocyanin Biosynthesis, Gregory Keith Bartley Jr.

Gregory Keith Bartley Jr.

No abstract provided.

Kinetics Of The Transesterification Reaction Catalyzed By Solid Base In A Fixed-Bed Reactor, Yang Xiao, Guomin Xiao

Yang Xiao

Operating Parameters And Selectivity In Batch Reactive Distillation, W. Qi, M. F. Malone

Michael F. Malone

This Article provides new predictions for selectivity in batch reactive distillation, identifying the reflux or reboil ratio and a Damkhler number (Da) as the key operating parameters. The dimensionless Da incorporates the influence of liquid holdup, vapor rate, and rate of reaction. Example results for a system of serial isomerization reactions and for the synthesis of ethylene glycol are provided. The results show that selectivity improvements in BRD are limited for high values of Da or for high values of the reflux or reboil ratio and that selectivity is enhanced as Da or reflux or reboil ratio is decreased. However, …

Do Surfaces With Mixed Hydrophilic And Hydrophobic Areas Enhance Pool Boiling?, Amy Rachel Betz, Jie Xu, Huihe Qiu, Daniel Attinger

Daniel Attinger

We demonstrate that smooth and flat surfaces combining hydrophilic and hydrophobicpatterns improve pool boiling performance. Compared to a hydrophilicsurface with 7° wetting angle, the measured critical heat flux and heat transfer coefficients of the enhanced surfaces are, up to respectively, 65% and 100% higher. Different networks combining hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions are characterized. While all tested networks enhance the heat transfer coefficient, large enhancements of critical heat flux are typically found for hydrophilic networks featuring hydrophobic islands. Hydrophilic networks indeed are shown to prevent the formation of an insulating vapor layer.

A Short-Distance Integral-Balance Solution To A Strong Subdiffusion Equation: A Weak Power-Law Profile, Jordan Hristov

Jordan Hristov

The work presents an integral solution of the time-fractional subdiffusion through a preliminary defined profile with unknown coefficients and the concept of penetration layer well known from the heat diffusion The profile satisfies the boundary conditions imposed at the boundary of the boundary layer in a weak form that allows its coefficients to be expressed through the boundary layer depth as unique parameter describing the profile. The technique is demonstrated by a solution of a time fractional subdiffusion equation in rectilinear 1-D conditions.

Some Features Of The Concentration Oscillations In The Phenylacetylene Oxidative Carbonylation Reaction (In Russian), Sergey N. Gorodsky

Sergey N. Gorodsky

Some modes of concentration oscillations in the homogeneous system KI-PdI2-CO-O2-CH3OH are described in this paper.

Use Of A Porous Membrane For Gas Bubble Removal In Microfluidic Channels: Physical Mechanisms And Design Criteria, Jie Xu, Regis Vaillant, Daniel Attinger

Daniel Attinger

We demonstrate and explain a simple and efficient way to remove gas bubbles from liquid-filled microchannels, by integrating a hydrophobic porous membrane on top of the microchannel. A prototype chip is manufactured in hard, transparent polymer with the ability to completely filter gas plugs out of a segmented flow at rates up to 7.4 μl/s/mm2 of membrane area. The device involves a bubble generation section and a gas removal section. In the bubble generation section, a T-junction is used to generate a train of gas plugs into a water stream. These gas plugs are then transported toward the gas removal …

Organic Chemistry , Yu Zhu

Yu Zhu

No abstract provided.

Nano Letters , Yu Zhu

Yu Zhu

No abstract provided.

Nature , Yu Zhu

Yu Zhu

No abstract provided.

Uv-Absorption Of Silica/Titania Colliods Using A Core-Shell Approach, Mark Soucek

Mark D. Soucek

Metal-oxo-colloids have been prepared using tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) oligomers with titanium tetra-i-propoxide (TIP) or titanium (di-i-propoxide) bis(acetylacetonate) (TIA) precursors. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), FTIR, UV-Vis, and photoluminescence spectroscopy were used to investigate the composition, the size, and optical properties of the Si/Ti core–shell colloids. The presence of hetero-bonded silicate structure (Si–O–Ti) was indicated by FTIR spectroscopy. The size of Si/TIP system ranged from 55 to 120 nm and Si/TIA system ranged from 220 to 250 nm. The TEM data indicated that the size of colloids can be controlled by the TIP or TIA content. The Si/Ti system exhibited strong absorption in …

High Quality Biodiesel And Its Diesel Engine Application: A Review, Abdul Aziz Abdul Raman

Abdul Aziz Abdul Raman

The continuous increasing demand for energy and the diminishing tendency of petroleum resources has led to the search for alternative renewable and sustainable fuel. Biodiesel is best substitute for petro-diesel and also most advantageous over petro-diesel for its environmental friendliness. The quality of biodiesel fuel was found to be significant for its successful use on compression ignition engines and subsequent replacement of non-renewable fossil fuels. Conventional biodiesel separation and purification technologies were noticed to yield lower quality biodiesel fuel with resultant excessive energy and water consumptions. Membrane technology showed more potential for effective and efficient separation and purification of biodiesel. …

Energetyka Niskoemisyjna, Wojciech M. Budzianowski

Wojciech Budzianowski

No abstract provided.

Dynamic Flux Balance Modeling Of Microbial Co-Cultures For Efficient Batch Fermentation Of Glucose And Xylose Mixtures, Timothy J. Hanly, Michael A. Henson

Michael A Henson

Sequential uptake of pentose and hexose sugars that compose lignocellulosic biomass limits the ability of pure microbial cultures to efficiently produce value-added bioproducts. In this work, we used dynamic flux balance modeling to examine the capability of mixed cultures of substrate-selective microbes to improve the utilization of glucose/xylose mixtures and to convert these mixed substrates into products. Co-culture simulations of Escherichia coli strains ALS1008 and ZSC113, engineered for glucose and xylose only uptake respectively, indicated that improvements in batch substrate consumption observed in previous experimental studies resulted primarily from an increase in ZSC113 xylose uptake relative to wild-type E. coli. …

Interfacial Temperature Measurements, High-Speed Visualization And Finite-Element Simulations Of Droplet Impact And Evaporation On A Solid Surface, Rajneesh Bhardwaj, Jon P. Longtin, Daniel Attinger

Daniel Attinger

The objective of this work is to investigate the coupling of fluid dynamics, heat transfer and mass transfer during the impact and evaporation of droplets on a heated solid substrate. A laser-based thermoreflectance method is used to measure the temperature at the solid–liquid interface, with a time and space resolution of 100 μs and 20 μm, respectively. Isopropanol droplets with micro- and nanoliter volumes are considered. A finite-element model is used to simulate the transient fluid dynamics and heat transfer during the droplet deposition process, considering the dynamics of wetting as well as Laplace and Marangoni stresses on the liquid–gas …

Comparison Of Theory And Experiments For Dispersion In Homogeneous Porous Media, Mark Porter, Francisco Valdes-Parada, Brian Wood

Francisco J. Valdes-Parada

Modeling dispersion in homogeneous porous media with the convection–dispersion equation commonly requires computing effective transport coefficients. In this work, we investigate longitudinal and transverse dispersion coefficients arising from the method of volume averaging, for a variety of periodic, homogeneous porous media over a range of particle Péclet (Pep) numbers. Our objective is to validate the upscaled transverse dispersion coefficients and concentration profiles by comparison to experimental data reported in the literature, and to compare the upscaling approach to the more common approach of inverse modeling, which relies on fitting the dispersion coefficients to measured data. This work is unique in …

Absolute Ground-State Nitrogen Atom Density In A N2/Ch4 Late Afterglow: Talif Experiments And Modelling Studies, Et. Es-Sebbar, M.-C. Gazeau, Y. Benilan, A. Jolly, C D. Pintassilgo

Dr. Et-touhami Es-sebbar

Following a first study on a late afterglow in flowing pure nitrogen post discharge, we report new two-photon absorption laser-induced fluorescence (TALIF) measurements of the absolute ground-state atomic nitrogen density N(4S) and investigate the influence of methane introduced downstream from the discharge by varying the CH4 mixing ratio from 0% up to 50%. The N (4S) maximum density is about 2.2 × 1015 cm−3 in pure N2 for a residence time of 22 ms and does not change significantly for methane mixing ratio up to ~15%, while above, a drastic decrease is observed. The influence of the residence time has …

Assessing Misconceptions Of Undergraduate Engineering Students In The Thermal Sciences, Michael Prince, M. Vigeant, K. Nottis

Michael J. Prince

No abstract provided.

Bacterial Chemotaxis In Porous Media: Theory Derivation And Comparison With Experiments, Francisco J. Valdes-Parada, Mark L. Porter, Brian D. Wood

Francisco J. Valdes-Parada

Chemotaxis is the movement of organisms toward or away from the concentration gradient of a chemical species. Microbial chemotaxis has been shown to significantly increase contaminant degradation in subsurface environments with respect to traditional methods such as pump-and-treat. This type of transport phenomena often involves diffusion and convection along several scales. In this work we use the method of volume averaging to upscale the governing equations for in situ bioremediation by bacterial chemotaxis. The results are effective medium mass balance equations for both the bacteria and the chemical attractant. These equations are expressed in terms of average transport coefficients, which …

Experimental And Theoretical Studies On Nitrogen Plasma And Methane Photolysis: Implications For Laboratory Simulations Of Titan’S Atmosphere, M-C. Gazeau, Y. Benilan, E. Arzoumanian, Et. Es-Sebbar, A. Jolly

Dr. Et-touhami Es-sebbar

No abstract provided.

Spectroscopic Studies Applied To Uvis Observations Of Titan, Y. Benilan, F. Capalbo, Et. Es-Sebbar, N. Fray, A. Jolly, M-C. Gazeau, J-C. Guillemin, M. Schwell

Dr. Et-touhami Es-sebbar

No abstract provided.

Talif Investigation And Modelling Of The Absolute N(4s) Density In A N2-Ch4 Late Afterglow, C.D. Pintassilgo, Et. Es-Sebbar, Y. Benilan, M-C. Gazeau, A. Jolly

Dr. Et-touhami Es-sebbar

The purpose of the present work is the experimental and numerical study of the absolute ground-state nitrogen atoms density N(4S) in the late afterglow of a pure N2 flowing microwave discharge in which different amounts of CH4 have been injected at 25 cm downstream from the nitrogen discharge. The absolute N(4S) concentrations have been measured using Two-photon Absorption Laser-Induced Fluorescence (TALIF), while a detailed kinetic model has been developed to simulate both the discharge and the post-discharge regions. Theoretical predictions are then compared to experimental measurements.

Combined Experimental And Theoretical Studies On Methane Photolysis At 121.6 Nm And 248 Nm- Implications On A Program Of Laboratory Simulations Of Titan’S Atmosphere, C. Romanzin, E. Arzoumanian, Et. Es-Sebbar, A. Jolly, S. Perrier, M.-C. Gazeau, Y. Bénilan

Dr. Et-touhami Es-sebbar

Methane is, together with N2, the main precursor of Titan’s atmospheric chemistry. In our laboratory, we are currently developing a program of laboratory simulations of Titan’s atmosphere, where methane is intended to be dissociated by multiphotonic photolysis at 248 nm. A preliminary study has shown that multiphotonic absorption of methane at 248 nm is efficient and leads to the production of hydrocarbons such as C2H2 (Romanzin et al., 2008). Yet, at this wavelength, little is known about the branching ratios of the hydrocarbon radicals (CH3, CH2 and CH) and their following photochemistry. This paper thus aims at investigating methane photochemistry …