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Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering Commons™
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Articles 1 - 9 of 9
Full-Text Articles in Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering
Development Of A Lab-On-A-Chip Device For Rapid Nanotoxicity Assessment In Vitro, Pratikkumar Shah
Development Of A Lab-On-A-Chip Device For Rapid Nanotoxicity Assessment In Vitro, Pratikkumar Shah
FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Increasing useof nanomaterials in consumer products and biomedical applications creates the possibilities of intentional/unintentional exposure to humans and the environment. Beyond the physiological limit, the nanomaterialexposure to humans can induce toxicity. It is difficult to define toxicity of nanoparticles on humans as it varies by nanomaterialcomposition, size, surface properties and the target organ/cell line. Traditional tests for nanomaterialtoxicity assessment are mostly based on bulk-colorimetric assays. In many studies, nanomaterials have found to interfere with assay-dye to produce false results and usually require several hours or days to collect results. Therefore, there is a clear need for alternative tools that can …
Movement Effects On The Flow Physics And Nutrient Delivery In Engineered Valvular Tissues, Manuel Salinas
Movement Effects On The Flow Physics And Nutrient Delivery In Engineered Valvular Tissues, Manuel Salinas
FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Mechanical conditioning has been shown to promote tissue formation in a wide variety of tissue engineering efforts. However the underlying mechanisms by which external mechanical stimuli regulate cells and tissues are not known. This is particularly relevant in the area of heart valve tissue engineering (HVTE) owing to the intense hemodynamic environments that surround native valves. Some studies suggest that oscillatory shear stress (OSS) caused by steady flow and scaffold flexure play a critical role in engineered tissue formation derived from bone marrow derived stem cells (BMSCs). In addition, scaffold flexure may enhance nutrient (e.g. oxygen, glucose) transport. In this …
Neuromuscular Changes In Older Adults During The Lateral Step Task, Tatiana Bejarano
Neuromuscular Changes In Older Adults During The Lateral Step Task, Tatiana Bejarano
FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Older adults may have trouble when performing activities of daily living due to decrease in physical strength and degradation of neuromotor and musculoskeletal function. Motor activation patterns during Lateral Step Down and Step Up from 4-inch and 8-inch step heights was assessed in younger (n=8, 24.4 years) and older adults (n=8, 58.9 years) using joint angle kinematics and electromyography of lower extremity muscles. Ground reaction forces were used to ascertain the loading, stabilization and unloading phases of the tasks. Older adults had an altered muscle activation sequence and significantly longer muscle bursts during loading for the tibialis anterior, gastrocnemius, vastus …
Optimization Of Cooling Protocols For Hearts Destined For Transplantation, Abas Abdoli
Optimization Of Cooling Protocols For Hearts Destined For Transplantation, Abas Abdoli
FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Design and analysis of conceptually different cooling systems for the human heart preservation are numerically investigated. A heart cooling container with required connections was designed for a normal size human heart. A three-dimensional, high resolution human heart geometric model obtained from CT-angio data was used for simulations. Nine different cooling designs are introduced in this research. The first cooling design (Case 1) used a cooling gelatin only outside of the heart. In the second cooling design (Case 2), the internal parts of the heart were cooled via pumping a cooling liquid inside both the heart’s pulmonary and systemic circulation systems. …
Covalent Ir820-Peg -Diamine Nanoconjugates For Theranostic Applications In Cancer, Alicia Fernandez-Fernandez, Romila Manchanda, Denny A. Carvajal, Tingjun Lei, Supriya Srinivasan, Anthony J. Mcgoron
Covalent Ir820-Peg -Diamine Nanoconjugates For Theranostic Applications In Cancer, Alicia Fernandez-Fernandez, Romila Manchanda, Denny A. Carvajal, Tingjun Lei, Supriya Srinivasan, Anthony J. Mcgoron
Department of Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications
Near-infrared dyes can be used as theranostic agents in cancer management, based on their optical imaging and localized hyperthermia capabilities. However, their clinical translatability is limited by issues such as photobleaching, short circulation times, and nonspecific biodistribution. Nanoconjugate formulations of cyanine dyes, such as IR820, may be able to overcome some of these limitations. We covalently conjugated IR820 with 6 kDa polyethylene glycol (PEG)-diamine to create a nanoconjugate (IRPDcov) with potential for in vivo applications. The conjugation process resulted in nearly spherical, uniformly distributed nanoparticles of approximately 150 nm diameter and zeta potential -0.4±0.3 mV. The IRPDcov formulation retained the …
Immuno Nanoparticles Integrated Electrical Control Of Targeted Cancer Cell Development Using Whole Cell Bioelectronic Device, Evangelia Hondroulis, Rui Zhang, Chengxiao Zhang, Chunying Chen, Kosuke Ino, Tomokazu Matsue, Chen-Zhong Li
Immuno Nanoparticles Integrated Electrical Control Of Targeted Cancer Cell Development Using Whole Cell Bioelectronic Device, Evangelia Hondroulis, Rui Zhang, Chengxiao Zhang, Chunying Chen, Kosuke Ino, Tomokazu Matsue, Chen-Zhong Li
Department of Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications
Electrical properties of cells determine most of the cellular functions, particularly ones which occur in the cell’s membrane. Manipulation of these electrical properties may provide a powerful electrotherapy option for the treatment of cancer as cancerous cells have been shown to be more electronegative than normal proliferating cells. Previously, we used an electrical impedance sensing system (EIS) to explore the responses of cancerous SKOV3 cells and normal HUVEC cells to low intensity (<2 V/cm) AC electric fields, determining that the optimal frequency for SKOV3 proliferation arrest was 200 kHz, without harming the non-cancerous HUVECs. In this study, to determine if these effects are cell type dependant, human breast adenocarcinoma cells (MCF7) were subjected to a range of frequencies (50 kHz–2 MHz) similar to the previously tested SKOV3. For the MCF7, an optimal frequency of 100 kHz was determined using the EIS, indicating a higher sensitivity towards the applied field. Further experiments specifically targeting the two types of cancer cells using HER2 antibody functionalized gold nanoparticles (HER2-AuNPs) were performed to determine if enhanced electric field strength can be induced via the application of nanoparticles, consequently leading to the killing of the cancerous cells without affecting non cancerous HUVECs and MCF10a providing a platform for the development of a non-invasive cancer treatment without any harmful side effects. The EIS was used to monitor the real-time consequences on cellular viability and a noticeable decrease in the growth profile of the MCF7 was observed with the application of the HER2-AuNPs and the electric fields indicating specific inhibitory effects on dividing cells in culture. To further understand the effects of the externally applied field to the cells, an Annexin V/EthD-III assay was performed to determine the cell death mechanism indicating apoptosis. The zeta potential of the SKOV3 and the MCF7 before and after incorporation of the HER2-AuNPs was also obtained indicating a decrease in zeta potential with the incorporation of the nanoparticles. The outcome of this research will improve our fundamental understanding of the behavior of cancer cells and define optimal parameters of electrotherapy for clinical and drug delivery applications.
Lyophilized Kit For The Preparation Of The Pet Perfusion Agent [68ga]-Maa, Alejandro Amor-Coarasa, Andrew Milera, Denny Carvajal, Seza Gulec, Anthony J. Mcgoron
Lyophilized Kit For The Preparation Of The Pet Perfusion Agent [68ga]-Maa, Alejandro Amor-Coarasa, Andrew Milera, Denny Carvajal, Seza Gulec, Anthony J. Mcgoron
Department of Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications
Rapid developments in the field of medical imaging have opened new avenues for the use of positron emitting labeled microparticles. The radioisotope used in our research was 68Ga, which is easy to obtain from a generator and has good nuclear properties for PET imaging. Methods. Commercially available macroaggregated albumin (MAA) microparticles were suspended in sterile saline, centrifuged to remove the free albumin and stannous chloride, relyophilized, and stored for later labeling with 68Ga. Labeling was performed at different temperatures and times. 68Ga purification settings were also tested and optimized. Labeling yield and purity of relyophilized MAA microparticles were compared with …
Investigating The Role Of A Less Uranium Tolerant Strain, Isolated From The Hanford Site Soil, On Uranium Interaction In Polyphosphate Remediation Technology, Paola Sepulveda Medina
Investigating The Role Of A Less Uranium Tolerant Strain, Isolated From The Hanford Site Soil, On Uranium Interaction In Polyphosphate Remediation Technology, Paola Sepulveda Medina
FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Bacteria are key players in the processes that govern fate and transport of contaminants. Previous assessment showed that the Arthrobacter oxydans (A.oxydans) G968 strain has a lower ability to tolerate U(VI) toxicity in bicarbonate-free media compared to other isolate A.oxydans G975. The study experimentally investigated several parameters such as the potential of bicarbonate to accelerate U(VI) release from autunite mineral in the presence of a less U(VI) tolerant bacterial strain, in the conditions mimicking Hanford Site subsurface environments. Results showed that despite morphological differences between the two bacterial strains, A.oxydans G968 and G975, they are able to dissolute uranium at …
A Methodology For Fast Assessments To The Electrical Activity Of Barrel Fields In Vivo: From Population Inputs To Single Unit Outputs, Jorge Riera, Takakuni Goto, Ryuta Kawashima
A Methodology For Fast Assessments To The Electrical Activity Of Barrel Fields In Vivo: From Population Inputs To Single Unit Outputs, Jorge Riera, Takakuni Goto, Ryuta Kawashima
Department of Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications
Here we propose a methodology to analyze volumetric electrical activity of neuronal masses in the somatosensory barrel field of Wistar rats. The key elements of the proposed methodology are a three-dimensional microelectrode array, which was customized by our group to observe extracellular recordings from an extended area of the barrel field, and a novel method for the current source density analysis. By means of this methodology, we were able to localize single barrels from their event-related responses to single whisker deflection. It was also possible to assess the spatiotemporal dynamics of neuronal aggregates in several barrels at the same time …