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Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering Commons™
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Articles 1 - 13 of 13
Full-Text Articles in Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering
Mechanoadaptation Of Feed Artery Smooth Muscle Cells In The Stem Of The Collateral Circulation, Allison Peck
Mechanoadaptation Of Feed Artery Smooth Muscle Cells In The Stem Of The Collateral Circulation, Allison Peck
Biomedical Engineering
Many patients suffering from peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD) experience intermittent claudication, pain during locomotion. Previous studies suggest that this symptom could be explained in part by impaired vasodilation in collateral arteries. In this study, femoral ligation was performed on a murine animal model, stimulating collateral outward remodeling. The mechanism by which a collateral increases its luminal diameter in response to the increase in blood flow following occlusion warrents further investigation due to impaired vasodilation following collateral remodeling. Specifically, resting diameter is elevated in the stem region of the collateral circuit, but this increase in vessel size cannot be explained …
Vascular Reactivity Of Immature Arterialized Capillaries, Sara Hellstrom
Vascular Reactivity Of Immature Arterialized Capillaries, Sara Hellstrom
Biomedical Engineering
Peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD) is a globally prevalent cardiovascular disease in which atherosclerotic plaques narrow arterial lumen diameters and restrict blood flow to down stream tissues. The impact of these occlusions can be mitigated by collateral vessels that connect parallel arterial branches and act as natural bypasses to maintain perfusion. Some patients with PAOD may not have robust collateral networks to accommodate ischemic tissues in the event of an occlusion and, therefore, may be more susceptible to hypoxia and tissue necrosis. In animal models that lack collateral arterioles, capillaries can arterialize and form functional collaterals; however, in the early …
Evaluation Of The Anterior Talofibular And Calcaneofibular Ligament In Relation To Supination Ankle Sprains, Peter Tran
Evaluation Of The Anterior Talofibular And Calcaneofibular Ligament In Relation To Supination Ankle Sprains, Peter Tran
Biomedical Engineering
Ankle injuries have always posed an issue to a number of athletes. Sports that involve running and jumping accumulate about 25% of injuries correlating to ankle sprains. In most ankle sprains the inversion (supination) of the ankle cause damage to lateral ligaments. The two most common lateral ligaments to experience damage are the anterior talofibular (ATFL) and calcaneofibular (CFL) ligaments. The methods of taping and ankle braces have allowed athletes to prevent recurring sprains from occurring. However, sprains can still occur even when one or both methods are applied. The purpose of each method is to restrict the range of …
Guidance System, Kayaking For The Visually Impaired, D. Ryan Kirtland, Ryan Phife, William Gardner, Amy Johnson
Guidance System, Kayaking For The Visually Impaired, D. Ryan Kirtland, Ryan Phife, William Gardner, Amy Johnson
Biomedical Engineering
Quality Life Plus is working with Team River Runner to develop an assistive guidance system for veterans who want to remain active by kayaking, after sustaining an injury that impairs vision. This system allows these veterans to complete a slalom speed race independent of a personal guide in the water. The system incorporates 3 stations that each contain a speaker connected to a microcontroller system covered by a Pelican Case on a custom made buoy. During the slalom race, a kayaker will travel from shore towards buoy #1 as it omits sound from the speaker. As the kayaker moves around …
Shelf Life Study Of Electrospun Plga Copolymers, Sean Youra, Nick Hudson
Shelf Life Study Of Electrospun Plga Copolymers, Sean Youra, Nick Hudson
Biomedical Engineering
Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) is one of the most commonly used copolymers for electrospinning in tissue engineering applications. However, most research has not focused on the copolymer itself in regards to how long it can be used effectively and if varying the concentrations of polylactic acid (PLA) and polyglycolic acid (PGA) affect the resulting properties. Electrospinning is the method we use to create the three-dimensional constructs, or “scaffolds”, for the blood vessel mimic (BVM) in the tissue engineering lab. The aim of our project was to investigate if the morphology and mechanical properties of the scaffolds changed over time when they …
Effect Of Oral Lipids On Blood Glucose, Tyler R. Knisley
Effect Of Oral Lipids On Blood Glucose, Tyler R. Knisley
Biomedical Engineering
Diabetes mellitus is a disease in which insulin hormone is ineffective or no longer produced. Multiple pathophysiologies can cause either insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) or insulin independent diabetes mellitus (IIDM), which can lead to chronic hyperglycemia and an array of short and long term health risks. Prior research has shown that IDDM patients have dyslipidemia, and experiments infusing lipids directly into the blood result in heightened insulin resistance. The hypothesis that dyslipidemia increases insulin resistance was tested by performing oral glucose tolerance tests across three treatment conditions. Participants were nondiabetic college-aged students. Data from a control group was gathered …
Analysis Of Acetabular Cup Orientation Effects On Stress Shielding In Total Hip Replacements Using Finite Element Methods, Brogan Mcguire, Jennifer Gemkow, Brad Gausewitz, Alex Georges
Analysis Of Acetabular Cup Orientation Effects On Stress Shielding In Total Hip Replacements Using Finite Element Methods, Brogan Mcguire, Jennifer Gemkow, Brad Gausewitz, Alex Georges
Biomedical Engineering
Improper positioning of the acetabular cup has been shown to contribute to issues such as high wear rates and dislocations in total hip replacements. The differences in contact mechanics due to varying orientation of the acetabular cup may also significantly affect strain distribution in the femur. This study examined these effects of acetabular orientation changes and their contribution to stress shielding using finite element analysis. A solid model of a cementless total hip implant was obtained using 3D point scanning and implanted virtually into a femur solid model. The implanted femur model was imported into ABAQUS and loaded with a …
A Mouse Model Of Aortic Endothelial Denudation And Neointimal Formation, Ashkon C. Nehzati
A Mouse Model Of Aortic Endothelial Denudation And Neointimal Formation, Ashkon C. Nehzati
Biomedical Engineering
More than 385,000 people die from coronary heart disease (CHD) annually and treatment costs $108.9 billion each year including the cost of health care services, medications, and lost productivity. CHD decreases heart function by limiting oxygen and nutrient transport carried through the coronary arteries. A complete block to the coronary arteries causes a myocardial infarction in response to an elimination of blood supply to cardiomyocytes. Partial occlusion results in insufficient blood supply to cardiomyocytes, producing myocardial ischemia and angina, which are usually treated with intravascular stents deployed percutaneously, before myocardial infarction occurs. Stents are the most common ways to expand …
Design Of An Experimental Approach To Study The Growth Of Biofilm On Polymethylmethacrylate, Eireen S. Escalona
Design Of An Experimental Approach To Study The Growth Of Biofilm On Polymethylmethacrylate, Eireen S. Escalona
Biomedical Engineering
Biofilms are present in virtually every solid-liquid contact surface and are partially responsible for some diseases and water cleaning. They are a community of a variety of organisms that live symbiotically and are bound together by extracellular polymeric substances, or EPS. Biofilms go through five stages of development. These include initial and irreversible attachments, maturations I and II, and dispersion. In the dental world, biofilms are often associated with mouth infections including dental caries, gingivitis and periodontitis. Elderly denture wearers are susceptible to the pathogen-causing bacteria associated with these diseases, particularly those who have Alzheimer's disease or other forms of …
Finite Element Analysis Of The Nerve Cuff To Determine Usability And Stress Analysis During Regular Use, Vivek Machhi
Finite Element Analysis Of The Nerve Cuff To Determine Usability And Stress Analysis During Regular Use, Vivek Machhi
Biomedical Engineering
To determine the stress analysis on the Nerve Cuff by MicroProbes, a finite element analysis was conducted. A simplified model was created in Solid Works using the geometry of the basic model of the nerve cuff. The solid model was then imported into Abaqus and the appropriate materials, boundary conditions, and loads were designated. Initially a tensile test simulation was conducted using a tensile force of 2.87 Newtons. The maximum stress experienced with this tensile force was 8.225 MPa which was greater than the ultimate tensile strength of 5.5 MPa of Silicone. Both the actual tensile test and the tensile …
A Microfluidic Pretreatment Isoelectric Focusing Dc-Field Assisted H-Filter For The Separation Of Charged Particles, Cameron Sean Carroll
A Microfluidic Pretreatment Isoelectric Focusing Dc-Field Assisted H-Filter For The Separation Of Charged Particles, Cameron Sean Carroll
Biomedical Engineering
Microfluidic devices are small portable diagnostic chips that allow for analysis of a biologic sample at relatively low cost. This makes them ideal for settings where a hospital is unavailable. The microfluidic pretreatment isoelectric focusing DC-field assisted H-filter is a device that allows for the separation of differently charged particles in a biologic sample. It does this by employing the concepts of diffusion, electrophoresis, and isoelectric focusing. This is perfect for isolation of a desired analyte or separation of waste from a sample in order to achieve better diagnostic results. The device was first modeled mathematically and visually using Comsol. …
Biomedical Advancements In Injury Recovery, Performance Enhancement, And Mechanical Assistance Applied To Athletics, Matthew Russell
Biomedical Advancements In Injury Recovery, Performance Enhancement, And Mechanical Assistance Applied To Athletics, Matthew Russell
Biomedical Engineering
Athletics is constantly changing, and athletes are continually getting bigger, faster, and stronger. At the same time, biomedical technology and innovation is rapidly developing. New methods of injury recovery, genetic enhancement, and prosthetic assistance are being assimilated into the athletic world. The up and coming athlete needs to be aware of all of the usable information around them. This project is an accumulation of some of the cutting edge advancements in those fields. Platelet Rich Plasma Injections, Frequency Specific Microcurrent Treatment, and Silk Polymer Anterior Cruciate Ligament Replacement are innovative new ways to treat common sports injuries. Performance enhancement has …
Investigating The Reproducibility Of The Current Bvm Protocol, Corey Gross
Investigating The Reproducibility Of The Current Bvm Protocol, Corey Gross
Biomedical Engineering
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is responsible for 1 death every minute in the US. Angioplasty with the implantation of stents is a common treatment method for CAD. Although there is a variety of stents currently on the market, there is still a need to develop new types for different pathologic conditions. Preliminary assessment of the physiological response to new stents is needed as they are being developed. The FDA approval process implemented today is a long, tedious path with a range of testing methods that include static in vitro testing and high-cost animal testing. Tissue engineered blood vessels have been …