Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering Commons™
Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
- Keyword
-
- 3D Tracking (1)
- Abdomen (1)
- Bone (1)
- Classification (1)
- Connective tissue (1)
-
- Cough (1)
- DaTScan (1)
- Endoscope (1)
- FPGA (1)
- Fracture (1)
- Gene Expression (1)
- Gene delivery (1)
- Hernia (1)
- Image reconstruction (1)
- Inflammation (1)
- Inflammation; iPSCs; IL1β; TNFα; RNA sequencing; DEGs; GO enrichment; PPI network; (1)
- Interleukin-6 (1)
- Machine learning (1)
- Modified mRNA (1)
- Optical imaging (1)
- Pacing (1)
- Photoacousic (1)
- Photoacoustic Imaging (1)
- ReaChR (1)
- SPECT (1)
- Segmentation (1)
Articles 1 - 12 of 12
Full-Text Articles in Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering
Tissue Engineering Of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells For The Development Of Novel Treatment Strategies For Osteoarthritis, Alison Ross
McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a debilitating joint disease that is primarily characterized by the degeneration of articular cartilage, the soft connective tissue that covers articulating bone surfaces in diarthrodial joints. While there are a number of risk factors for developing OA, the progression of this disease is mediated in part by pro-inflammatory cytokines from both the synovium and chondrocytes, the resident cells of articular cartilage. These cytokines, specifically interleukin 1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), induce aberrant expression of catabolic and degradative enzymes and inflammatory cytokines in OA, which promotes degradation of engineered tissues as well as native articular …
The Role Of Gene Transcription And Inflammatory Cytokines In Bone Fracture Repair, Brandon Alan Coates
The Role Of Gene Transcription And Inflammatory Cytokines In Bone Fracture Repair, Brandon Alan Coates
McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations
In most instances, the skeleton has a remarkable capacity for repair following injury. However, in 5 to 10% of patients, fractures fail to properly heal resulting in non-union. A need exists for a more comprehensive understanding of the complex biology of fracture repair, which involves the coordinated work of many cell types including osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and immune cells. Depending on the extent of injury, fractures will heal through either intramembranous bone formation, involving the direct formation of bone callus, or endochondral bone formation, featuring a cartilage intermediary prior to bone callus formation. Both processes begin with inflammation, which sets the …
Exploring Attacks And Defenses In Additive Manufacturing Processes: Implications In Cyber-Physical Security, Nicholas Deily
Exploring Attacks And Defenses In Additive Manufacturing Processes: Implications In Cyber-Physical Security, Nicholas Deily
McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations
Many industries are rapidly adopting additive manufacturing (AM) because of the added versatility this technology offers over traditional manufacturing techniques. But with AM, there comes a unique set of security challenges that must be addressed. In particular, the issue of part verification is critically important given the growing reliance of safety-critical systems on 3D printed parts. In this thesis, the current state of part verification technologies will be examined in the con- text of AM-specific geometric-modification attacks, and an automated tool for 3D printed part verification will be presented. This work will cover: 1) the impacts of malicious attacks on …
Ultrasound Guided Diffuse Optical Tomography For Breast Cancer Diagnosis: Algorithm Development, K M Shihab Uddin
Ultrasound Guided Diffuse Optical Tomography For Breast Cancer Diagnosis: Algorithm Development, K M Shihab Uddin
McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations
According to National Breast Cancer Society, one in every eight women in United States is diagnosed with breast cancer in her lifetime. American Cancer Society recommends a semi-annual breast-cancer screening for every woman which can be heavily facilitated by the availability of low-cost, non-invasive diagnostic method with good sensitivity and penetration depth. Ultrasound (US) guided Diffuse Optical Tomography (US-guided DOT) has been explored as a breast-cancer diagnostic and screening tool over the past two decades. It has demonstrated a great potential for breast-cancer diagnosis, treatment monitoring and chemotherapy-response prediction. In this imaging method, optical measurements of four different wavelengths are …
Ultrasensitive Biodetection Based On Plasmonically-Active Materials, Jingyi Luan
Ultrasensitive Biodetection Based On Plasmonically-Active Materials, Jingyi Luan
McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations
A broad range of biomarkers continue to emerge as potentially important parameters for early detection of many pathological conditions.1 A disease biomarker (e.g. protein, a fragment of a pro-tein, DNA/RNA, or metabolites) is a ‘molecular signature’ of the physiological state of patient at specific time and is therefore extremely important for early and possibly pre-symptomatic diagno-sis and accurate monitoring of therapeutic intervention. Relevant concentrations of biomarkers related to diseases such as cancer, heart disease, inflammation, and neurological disorders can range in many orders of magnitude from μg/ml levels to sub-fg/ml, some of which possibly still remain unidentified due to the …
Application Of Photoacoustic Imaging In Understanding Tissue Remodeling, Yuan Qu
Application Of Photoacoustic Imaging In Understanding Tissue Remodeling, Yuan Qu
McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations
Photoacoustic Imaging (PAI) as an imaging method in biomedical research can provide high spatial resolution, various contrasts, great detection sensitivity, and deep penetration. These advantages are attributed to the combination of optical excitation and acoustic detection, which releases PAI from the ballistic limit faced by other optical imaging technique with high spatial resolution. In this dissertation, we aim to apply this technique to understand the connective tissue remodeling that is a ubiquitous physiological change in various medical complications.Chapter 1 elaborates the mechanism of PAI as well as the motivation of my dissertation.In Chapter 2, I introduce a new contrast mechanism …
The Mechanobiology Of Elbow Contracture: Pathogenesis And Prevention, Chelsey Dunham
The Mechanobiology Of Elbow Contracture: Pathogenesis And Prevention, Chelsey Dunham
McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations
Post-traumatic elbow contracture is a multi-tissue pathology which develops in up to 50% of patients following elbow trauma (e.g., fracture, dislocation). It is unclear which periarticular soft tissues are driving the functional deficit following injury because it is not possible in clinical settings to isolate each soft tissues’ mechanical and biological contributions to elbow contracture. Therefore, an animal model is needed to identify the primary periarticular soft tissue(s) which contribute to contracture. The first animal models of contracture were developed in the knee; however, these studies are not generalizable to the elbow due to anatomical and functional differences between these …
Design And Validation Of A Dynamic Pressure-Based Loading Device And 3d Strain Tracking Protocol For Ventral Hernia Modeling, Griffin Kivitz
Design And Validation Of A Dynamic Pressure-Based Loading Device And 3d Strain Tracking Protocol For Ventral Hernia Modeling, Griffin Kivitz
McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations
It is estimated that 350,000-500,000 ventral hernia repair surgeries are performed each year in the United States. While the long-term recurrence rate of ventral hernia repairs is not yet known, when tissues are exposed to the trauma of surgery, there is always the chance of recurrence. Commonly used ex vivo testing methods for determining the mechanical properties of the abdominal wall and biomaterials for hernia repair consist primarily of uniaxial and biaxial testing, which are not physiologically relevant loading environments. The need for a testing device that can exert physiologically relevant loads ex vivo to an abdominal wall is crucial …
Toward Controlling Cardiac Tissue Pacing Using Modified Mrna, Yicheng Zhao
Toward Controlling Cardiac Tissue Pacing Using Modified Mrna, Yicheng Zhao
McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations
Arrhythmia is a common heart disease that happens when the heart is beating too fast, too slow, or irregularly. To study the mechanisms and treatments of this disease, it is important to acutely control the beating rate of the model as it will help distinguish the contribution of different potassium currents and drug-induced action potential in cardiomyocytes. The current method of tissue pacing, electrical pacing, causes contamination and corrosive damage to tissues, thus the tissues fail to be used repeatedly or in future studies. In this study, red-shifted channelrhodopsin (ReaChR) is applied as a non-chemical means to control the beating …
Computational Imaging Methods For Analysis Of Datscan Spect Images, Hae Sol Moon
Computational Imaging Methods For Analysis Of Datscan Spect Images, Hae Sol Moon
McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations
There is an important need to develop biomarkers to improve the diagnosis and assess the severity of Parkinson’s disease (PD). The potential to derive such biomarkers from quantitative dopamine transporter scan (DaT-Scan) single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging, in particular the uptake of DaT in the caudate, putamen, and globus pallidus regions, is highly appealing as imaging is non-invasive and DaTScan is already used in the management of patients with PD. However, reliable quantification requires reliable segmentation of these regions in these images. Reliable segmentation is challenging due to the limited spatial resolution and high image noise in SPECT images …
A High Frequency Photoacoustic System For Colorectal Cancer Imaging, Kexin Huang
A High Frequency Photoacoustic System For Colorectal Cancer Imaging, Kexin Huang
McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations
While colorectal cancer is the second largest cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States, early detection is a key factor in its survival rate. Compared to conventional imaging modalities, photoacoustic imaging offers benefits in providing angiographic images which are valuable for early-stage tumor detection. This thesis presents the design of a 32-channel 80 MHz photoacoustic image system, whose relatively high frequency offers particular advantages. The system comprises several modules, including a laser system, ultrasound probe, AD convertor, microcontroller (FPGA), and a computer. The system requires programs for the FPGA and the data receiver on the computer. The data transportation …
Transcriptomic Analysis Of Cytokine-Treated Tissue-Engineered Cartilage As An In Vitro Model Of Osteoarthritis, Jiehan Li
McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations
Osteoarthritis (OA), as the most common form of arthritis and a leading cause of disability worldwide, currently has no disease-modifying drugs. Inflammation plays an important role in cartilage degeneration in OA, and pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL-1β and TNF-α, have been shown to induce degradative changes along with aberrant gene expression in chondrocytes, the only resident cells in cartilage. The goal of this study was to further understand the transcriptomic regulation of tissue-engineered cartilage in response to inflammatory cytokines using an in vitro miPSC model system. We performed RNA sequencing for the IL-1β or TNF-α treated tissue-engineered cartilage derived from murine iPSCs, …