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Full-Text Articles in Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering
Characterization Of Bone Material Properties And Microstructure In Osteogenesis Imperfecta/Brittle Bone Disease, John Robert Jameson
Characterization Of Bone Material Properties And Microstructure In Osteogenesis Imperfecta/Brittle Bone Disease, John Robert Jameson
Dissertations (1934 -)
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a genetic disorder primarily associated with mutations to type I collagen and resulting in mild to severe bone fragility. To date, there is very little data quantifying OI cortical bone mechanics. The purpose of this dissertation was to investigate bone microstructure, mineralization, and mechanical properties in adolescents with OI. Characterization studies were performed on small osteotomy specimens obtained from the extremities during routine corrective surgeries. Nanoindentation was used to examine the longitudinal elastic modulus and hardness at the material level for mild OI type I vs. severe OI type III. Both modulus and hardness were significantly …
Neuromodulation For Depression: Insights Gained From Neuroimaging And Computational Models, Yagna Pathak
Neuromodulation For Depression: Insights Gained From Neuroimaging And Computational Models, Yagna Pathak
Dissertations (1934 -)
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a public health concern worldwide, affecting a sixth of the American population. Neuromodulation therapies have been employed to treat severe cases of treatment resistant depression. These procedures attempt to modulate activity in cortical regions that represent nodes in brain circuits believed to be involved in MDD. One challenge in neuromodulation trials has been the difficulty in quantifying outcome variability. We sought to understand the effects of neuromodulation therapies and their sources of variability while adding an objective perspective to assess clinical improvement in neuropsychiatric disorders such as depression. The goal of my dissertation was to …
A Subject-Specific Multiscale Model Of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation, Brian Daniel Goodwin
A Subject-Specific Multiscale Model Of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation, Brian Daniel Goodwin
Dissertations (1934 -)
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a neuromodulation technique used to treat a variety of neurological disorders. While many types of neuromodulation therapy are invasive, TMS is an attractive alternative because it is noninvasive and has a very strong safety record. However, clinical use of TMS has preceded a thorough scientific understanding: its mechanisms of action remain elusive, and the spatial extent of modulation is not well understood. We created a subject-specific, multiscale computational model to gain insights into the physiological response during motor cortex TMS. Specifically, we developed an approach that integrates three main components: 1) a high-resolution anatomical MR …