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Cleveland State University

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Articles 1 - 30 of 184

Full-Text Articles in Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering

Lipids Affect The Diffusion Of Estradiol In Osteonal Bone, Nicholas Anthony Cimino Dec 2022

Lipids Affect The Diffusion Of Estradiol In Osteonal Bone, Nicholas Anthony Cimino

ETD Archive

In healthy osteonal bone, embedded osteocytes form an intercellular communication network through overlapping cell membrane extensions, possibly defining an overlooked and clinically relevant lipid-mediated transport pathway for nonpolar molecules. Previous techniques evaluating solute transport in cortical bone limit tissue analysis to microscale areas (less than 1 mm2) using tracers and assumptions that diminish clinical relevance, presenting the need for an improved method to evaluate solute diffusion in macroscale areas (greater than 1 mm2) of osteonal bone. A new diffusion system - constructed of glass and polytetrafluoroethylene - was designed and validated for this purpose, exhibiting minimal adsorption of solutes and …

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Predictions Of Indentation Stiffness Of Musculoskeletal Regions Using Ultrasound, Sean Doherty Dec 2022

Predictions Of Indentation Stiffness Of Musculoskeletal Regions Using Ultrasound, Sean Doherty

ETD Archive

Tissue indentation response is an important metric for understanding how different musculoskeletal regions respond to loading and is a function of the tissue’s form. Modem imaging techniques provide information about the internal structures of human tissue. Ultrasound remains one of the most common imaging techniques performed, given its portability and low costs. Prior work and data collection on 100 patients involved the collection of ultrasound images at eight different locations across the musculoskeletal extremities. Given the tissue structure information that the medical imaging provided, it was hypothesized that the mechanical properties of the tissue could be predicted from this data. …

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Percutaneous-Reinforced Osteoplasty: A Review Of Emerging Treatment Strategies For Bone Interventions, Nischal Koirala, Jyotsna Joshi, Stephen F. Duffy, Gordon Mclennan Oct 2022

Percutaneous-Reinforced Osteoplasty: A Review Of Emerging Treatment Strategies For Bone Interventions, Nischal Koirala, Jyotsna Joshi, Stephen F. Duffy, Gordon Mclennan

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications

Percutaneous-reinforced osteoplasty is currently being investigated as a possible therapeutic procedure for fracture stabilization in high-risk patients, primarily in patients with bone metastases or osteoporosis. For these patients, a percutaneous approach, if structurally sound, can provide a viable method for treating bone fractures without the physiologic stress of anesthesia and open surgery. However, the low strength of fixation is a common limitation that requires further refinement in scaffold design and selection of materials, and may potentially benefit from tissue-engineering-based regenerative approaches. Scaffolds that have tissue regenerative properties and low inflammatory response promote rapid healing at the fracture site and are …

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An Improved Polynomial Chaos Expansion Based Response Surface Method And Its Applications On Frame And Spring Engineering Based Structures, Mhd A. Hafez Jun 2022

An Improved Polynomial Chaos Expansion Based Response Surface Method And Its Applications On Frame And Spring Engineering Based Structures, Mhd A. Hafez

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In engineering fields, computational models provide a tool that can simulate a real world response and enhance our understanding of physical phenomenas. However, such models are often computationally expensive with multiple sources of uncertainty related to the model’s input/assumptions. For example, the literature indicates that ligament’s material properties and its insertion site locations have a significant effect on the performance of knee joint models, which makes addressing uncertainty related to them a crucial step to make the computational model more representative of reality. However, previous sensitivity studies were limited due to the computational expense of the models. The high computational …

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Role Of Inflammatory Niche And Adult Cardiomyocyte Coculture On Differentiation, Matrix Synthesis, And Secretome Release By Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Jyotsna Joshi, Chandrasekhar R. Kothapalli Jan 2022

Role Of Inflammatory Niche And Adult Cardiomyocyte Coculture On Differentiation, Matrix Synthesis, And Secretome Release By Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Jyotsna Joshi, Chandrasekhar R. Kothapalli

Chemical & Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications

Myocardial infarction (MI) causes cardiomyocyte death, provokes innate immune response, and initiates tissue remodeling. The intrinsic healing process is insufficient to replace the lost cells, or regenerate and restore the functional features of the native myocardium. Autologous bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell (BM-MSC) transplantation is being explored to offer therapeutic potential after MI. Here, we cultured human BM-MSC spheroids in three-dimensional collagenous gels for 28 days under exposure to tumor necrosis factor-alpha (+ TNFα), and coculture with adult human cardiomyocytes, or with conditioned media (CM) pooled from TNFα-stimulated adult cardiomyocytes. MSC differentiation marker (CD90, GATA4, cTnI, cTnT, Cx43, MHC, α-actin) …

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Implementation Of Microfluidic Mixers For The Optimization Of Polymeric, Gold, And Perovskite Nanomaterials Synthesis, Alexa Roberts Jan 2021

Implementation Of Microfluidic Mixers For The Optimization Of Polymeric, Gold, And Perovskite Nanomaterials Synthesis, Alexa Roberts

ETD Archive

I would like to thank Dr. Chandra Kothapalli for the opportunity to participate in this research project and the continuous guidance he has given me in all aspects of the lab work. I would like to acknowledge the entire Chemical and Biomedical Engineering Department for their assistance throughout the program, for partially supporting my tuition and stipend through teaching assistantships, and the opportunities to present and discuss my research project with other interested students and faculty. I would like to acknowledge Dr. Petru Fodor and Dr. Geyou Ao for their support as members of my defense committee. Additionally, I would …

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Developing A Multifunctional Thermo-Responsive Viral Like Particle (Vlp) Platform With New Physicochemical Characteristics, Sepehr Dejdar Jan 2020

Developing A Multifunctional Thermo-Responsive Viral Like Particle (Vlp) Platform With New Physicochemical Characteristics, Sepehr Dejdar

ETD Archive

Smart materials are a class of material whose physical characteristics change significantly in a controllable fashion once exposed to an external stimulus such as stress, pH, light, temperature, etc. If the temperature is the external stimuli (control variable) the material is termed thermo-responsive. Out of numerous thermo-responsive materials, elastin-like polypeptide (ELP) is a well-known protein-based biopolymer. Protein cages are well-defined biological nanostructures which are highly symmetrical and monodisperse. This class of proteins are both chemically and genetically tunable, making them a suitable recipient of new properties. Protein re-engineering is the basis of developing a hybrid platform (e.g. polymer-protein) to deliver …

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Interaction Between The Metabolism Of Ketone Bodies In Brain Tissue And Neurological Disorders, Chan-Chih Hsiao Jan 2020

Interaction Between The Metabolism Of Ketone Bodies In Brain Tissue And Neurological Disorders, Chan-Chih Hsiao

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Regulation of brain metabolism and cerebral blood flow involves complex control systems with several interacting variables at both cellular and organ levels. Quantitative understanding of the spatially and temporally heterogeneous brain control mechanisms during internal and external stimuli requires the development and validation of a computational (mathematical) model of metabolic processes in brain tissue. A computational model of the biochemical pathways in brain is presented in this paper. The model structure consists of neurons, astrocytes, and a surrounding capillary network. Glucose is the major oxidative energy substrate in the brain. However, under hypoglycemic conditions such as during diet or fasting …

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Spark Plasma Sintering Of Low Modulus Titanium-Niobium-Tantalum-Zirconium (Tntz) Alloy For Biomedical Applications, Nicholas Mavros, Taban Larimian, Javier Esqivel, Rajeev Kumar Gupta, Rodrigo Contieri, Tushar Borkar Dec 2019

Spark Plasma Sintering Of Low Modulus Titanium-Niobium-Tantalum-Zirconium (Tntz) Alloy For Biomedical Applications, Nicholas Mavros, Taban Larimian, Javier Esqivel, Rajeev Kumar Gupta, Rodrigo Contieri, Tushar Borkar

Mechanical Engineering Faculty Publications

In metallurgy, titanium has been a staple for biomedical purposes. Its slow toxicity and alloying versatility make it an attractive choice for medical applications. However, studies have shown the difference in elastic modulus between titanium alloys (116 GPa) and human bone (10–40 GPa), which contributes to long term issues with loose hardware fixation. Additionally, long term studies have shown elements such as vanadium and aluminum, which are commonly used in Ti-6Al-4V biomedical alloys, have been linked to neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer and Parkinson. Alternative metals known to be less toxic are being explored as replacements for alloying elements in titanium …

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Synthesis And Secretome Release By Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell Spheroids Within Three-Dimensional Collagen Hydrogels: Integrating Experiments And Modelling, Jyotsna Joshi, Mohammadreza Dehghan Abnavi, Chandrasekhar R. Kothapalli Oct 2019

Synthesis And Secretome Release By Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell Spheroids Within Three-Dimensional Collagen Hydrogels: Integrating Experiments And Modelling, Jyotsna Joshi, Mohammadreza Dehghan Abnavi, Chandrasekhar R. Kothapalli

Chemical & Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications

Myocardial infarction results in loss of cardiac cell types, inflammation, extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation, and fibrotic scar. Transplantation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) is being explored as they could differentiate into cardiomyocyte-like cells, integrate into host tissue, and enhance resident cell activity. The ability of these cells to restore lost ECM, remodel the inflammatory scar tissue, and repair the injured myocardium remains unexplored. We here elucidated the synthesis and deposition of ECM (e.g., elastin, sulfated glycosaminoglycans, hyaluronan, collagen type III, laminin, fibrillin, lysyl oxidase, and nitric oxide synthases), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their inhibitors (TIMPs), and other secretome …

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Biophysical And Biomechanical Properties Of Neural Progenitor Cells As Indicators Of Developmental Neurotoxicity, Gautam Mahajan, Moo-Yeal Lee, Chandrasekhar R. Kothapalli Oct 2019

Biophysical And Biomechanical Properties Of Neural Progenitor Cells As Indicators Of Developmental Neurotoxicity, Gautam Mahajan, Moo-Yeal Lee, Chandrasekhar R. Kothapalli

Chemical & Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications

Conventional in vitro toxicity studies have focused on identifying IC50 and the underlying mechanisms, but how toxicants influence biophysical and biomechanical changes in human cells, especially during developmental stages, remain understudied. Here, using an atomic force microscope, we characterized changes in biophysical (cell area, actin organization) and biomechanical (Young's modulus, force of adhesion, tether force, membrane tension, tether radius) aspects of human fetal brain-derived neural progenitor cells (NPCs) induced by four classes of widely used toxic compounds, including rotenone, digoxin, N-arachidonoylethanolamide (AEA), and chlorpyrifos, under exposure up to 36 h. The sub-cellular mechanisms (apoptosis, mitochondria membrane potential, DNA damage, glutathione …

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Thenar Muscle And Transverse Carpal Ligament Relationship, Jeremy Granieri Loss Jan 2019

Thenar Muscle And Transverse Carpal Ligament Relationship, Jeremy Granieri Loss

ETD Archive

The transverse carpal ligament (TCL) acts as a partial origin for the thenar muscles (abductor pollicis brevis (APB), flexor pollicis brevis (FPB), opponens pollicis (OPP)). The attachment between the thenar muscles and TCL implies a relationship between the tissues. The thenar muscles rely on their origins for thumb motion and force production. However, individual thenar origin information is lacking. Further information regarding the anatomical relationship between the individual thenar muscles and TCL may provide insight into thenar muscle function. In addition, the TCL responds to thenar muscle contraction as shown by volar migration of the TCL during various thumb movements. …

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Three-Dimensional Human Neural Stem Cell Culture For High-Throughput Assessment Of Developmental Neurotoxicity, Pranav Joshi Jan 2019

Three-Dimensional Human Neural Stem Cell Culture For High-Throughput Assessment Of Developmental Neurotoxicity, Pranav Joshi

ETD Archive

Only a few hundred of compounds, among tens of thousands of commercially available compounds, have been tested for developmental neurotoxicity (DNT) due to the limitations of current guidelines for DNT which are based entirely on in vivo experiments. In vivo studies are highly expensive and time-consuming, which often do not correlate to human outcomes. There is a key gap in our ability to predict in vivo outcomes accurately and robustly using in vitro assays. This is particularly the case for predicting the toxicity of chemicals on the developing human brains. Conventional in vitro assays are typically performed in two-dimensional (2D) …

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Measurement Of Red Blood Cell Oxygenation State By Magnetophoresis, Nina A. Smith Jan 2019

Measurement Of Red Blood Cell Oxygenation State By Magnetophoresis, Nina A. Smith

ETD Archive

Magnetophoresis of red blood cells (RBCs) at varying partial pressures of oxygen (pO2) is hypothesized to rejuvenate stored blood to be utilized beyond the FDA regulated 42-day storage time. Magnetophoresis is a particle or cells motion induced by an applied magnetic field in a viscous media. The average magnetophoretic mobility of an oxygenated RBC is -0.126x10-6 mm3-s/kg, and a deoxygenated RBC is 3.66x10-6 mm3-s/kg, presenting magnetophoresis as a resource for RBC rejuvenation in hopes of storing it longer than 42 days. The main objective of this paper was to determine if controlling the pO2 within an RBC suspension, can singly- …

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Compensation For Inertial And Gravity Effects In A Moving Force Platform, Sandra K. Hnat, Ben J.H. Van Basten, Antonie J. Van Den Bogert Jun 2018

Compensation For Inertial And Gravity Effects In A Moving Force Platform, Sandra K. Hnat, Ben J.H. Van Basten, Antonie J. Van Den Bogert

Mechanical Engineering Faculty Publications

Force plates for human movement analysis provide accurate measurements when mounted rigidly on an inertial reference frame. Large measurement errors occur, however, when the force plate is accelerated, or tilted relative to gravity. This prohibits the use of force plates in human perturbation studies with controlled surface movements, or in conditions where the foundation is moving or not sufficiently rigid. Here we present a linear model to predict the inertial and gravitational artifacts using accelerometer signals. The model is first calibrated with data collected from random movements of the unloaded system and then used to compensate for the errors in …

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Feasibility Of Using An Equilibrium Point Strategy To Control Reaching Movements Of Paralyzed Arms With Functional Electrical Stimulation, Matthew Huffman Jan 2018

Feasibility Of Using An Equilibrium Point Strategy To Control Reaching Movements Of Paralyzed Arms With Functional Electrical Stimulation, Matthew Huffman

ETD Archive

Functional electrical stimulation (FES) is a technology capable of improving the quality of life for those with the loss of limb movement related to spinal cord injuries. Individuals with high-level tetraplegia, in particular, have lost all movement capabilities below the neck. FES has shown promise in bypassing spinal cord damage by sending electrical impulses directly to a nerve or muscle to trigger a desired function. Despite advancements in FES, full-arm reaching motions have not been achieved, leaving patients unable to perform fundamental tasks such as eating and grooming. To overcome the inability in current FES models to achieve multi-joint coordination, …

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Characterizing The Effects Of High-Intensity Exercise On Balance And Gait Under Dual-Task Conditions In Parkinson’S Disease, El Iva Baron Jan 2018

Characterizing The Effects Of High-Intensity Exercise On Balance And Gait Under Dual-Task Conditions In Parkinson’S Disease, El Iva Baron

ETD Archive

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by four cardinal motor symptoms including bradykinesia, tremor, rigidity, and postural instability, and non-motor symptoms including cognitive impairment. Daily activities, such as walking and maintaining balance, are impacted due to impairments in motor function, and are further exacerbated with the addition of cognitive loading, or dual-tasking (DT). High-intensity exercise has demonstrated centrally-mediated improvements of PD symptoms, with additional positive effects on overall health. The goal of this project was to identify changes in dynamic balance recovery and gait function under conditions with and without increased cognitive load after a high-intensity exercise intervention …

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Neuromuscular Reflex Control For Prostheses And Exoskeletons, Sandra K. Hnat Jan 2018

Neuromuscular Reflex Control For Prostheses And Exoskeletons, Sandra K. Hnat

ETD Archive

Recent powered lower-limb prosthetic and orthotic (P/O) devices aim to restore legged mobility for persons with an amputation or spinal cord injury. Though various control strategies have been proposed for these devices, specifically finite-state impedance controllers, natural gait mechanics are not usually achieved. The goal of this project was to invent a biologically-inspired controller for powered P/O devices. We hypothesize that a more muscle-like actuation system, including spinal reflexes and vestibular feedback, can achieve able-bodied walking and also respond to outside perturbations. The outputs of the Virtual Muscle Reflex (VMR) controller are joint torque commands, sent to the electric motors …

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The Effect Of Cognitive Limb Embodiment On Vascular Physiological Response, Hala Elsir Mustafa Osman Jan 2018

The Effect Of Cognitive Limb Embodiment On Vascular Physiological Response, Hala Elsir Mustafa Osman

ETD Archive

The rubber hand illusion (RHI) is a visual-tactile perceptual illusion commonly used to study body ownership. In this paradigm, a rubber hand is positioned in front of a participant, and the person’s real hand is hidden from sight behind a barrier. When the real hand and the rubber hand are stroked synchronously, individuals perceive the rubber hand as if it were their own; it becomes “embodied.” This illusory experience of body ownership is associated with multimodal integration of touch and vision. From these visual-tactile-cognitive mechanisms, we establish that our hands belong to us when what we see matches what we …

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High-Throughput Metabolism-Induced Toxicity Assays On A 384-Pillar Plate, Sooyeion Kang Jan 2018

High-Throughput Metabolism-Induced Toxicity Assays On A 384-Pillar Plate, Sooyeion Kang

ETD Archive

The U.S Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) launched the Transform Tox Testing Challenge in 2016 with the goal of developing practical methods that can be integrated into conventional high-throughput screening (HTS) assays to better predict the toxicity of parent compounds and their metabolites in vivo. In response to this need and to retrofit existing HTS assays for assessing metabolism-induced toxicity of compounds, we have developed a 384-pillar plate that is complementary to traditional 384-well plates and ideally suited for culturing human cells in three dimensions (3D) at a microscale. Briefly, human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells in a mixture of alginate …

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A Synthesis Platform For Temperature Responsive Star Polymers, Schmitt J. Richard Jr. Jan 2018

A Synthesis Platform For Temperature Responsive Star Polymers, Schmitt J. Richard Jr.

ETD Archive

Star polymers are a class of branched polymers comprised of several polymer chains extending from a central point. Star polymers have applications in biopharmaceuticals where they have been proposed to be suitable drug delivery vehicles. Star polymers have traditionally been synthesized through chemical synthesis with added functionality provided by grafting on the arms. This complex synthesis can be simplified by using a biosynthetic approach which enables precise control of molecular weight and composition. This approach is demonstrated using star polymers with arms composed of a temperature responsive protein-based polymer termed elastin-like polypeptide (ELP). Star polymers are characterized based on the …

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Predictive Simulations Of Gait And Their Application In Prosthesis Design, Anne D. Koelewijin Jan 2018

Predictive Simulations Of Gait And Their Application In Prosthesis Design, Anne D. Koelewijin

ETD Archive

Predictive simulations predict human gait by solving a trajectory optimization problem by minimizing energy expenditure. These simulations could predict the effect of a prosthesis on gait before its use. This dissertation has four aims, to show the application of predictive simulations in prosthesis design and to improve the quality of predictive simulations. Aim 1 was to explain joint moment asymmetry in the knee and hip in gait of persons with a transtibial amputation (TTA gait). Predictive simulations showed that an asymmetric gait required less effort. However, a small effort increase yielded a gait with increased joint moment symmetry and reduced …

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Stabilization Of Hypoxia Inducible Factor By Cobalt Chloride Can Alter Renal Transepithelial, Subhra Sankar Nag Jan 2018

Stabilization Of Hypoxia Inducible Factor By Cobalt Chloride Can Alter Renal Transepithelial, Subhra Sankar Nag

ETD Archive

Kidney cyst expansion, stagnant fluid accumulation, and insufficient vascular supply can result in localized chronic ischemia-hypoxia in kidney cysts, as well as in normal renal epithelia adjacent to a cyst. We hypothesize that in normal epithelia near a cyst, the stabilization of Hypoxia Inducible Factor 1a (HIF1a), a major regulator of cellular response to hypoxia, can cause altered paracellular and transcellular transport, transforming a normal absorptive phenotype to a secretory and paracellularly leaky phenotype, leading to cyst expansion. Using 100 µmol/L cobalt chloride (CoCl2), HIF1a was stabilized in cellular nucleus of a mouse cortical collecting duct cell line (mCCD 1296 …

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Modeling Liver Diseases Using Hepatic Cell Microarrays, Alexander David Roth Jan 2018

Modeling Liver Diseases Using Hepatic Cell Microarrays, Alexander David Roth

ETD Archive

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an invasive and aggressive cancer of the liver that arises due to chronic cirrhosis. Research into understanding HCC has focused on two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) technologies to simulate the liver microenvironment and use animal models to model how HCC affects the rest of the body. 3D hydrogel models are desired because they can mimic the transport behavior observed in vivo by structurally mimicking the extracellular matrix (ECM) without the ethical concerns of animal models. However, hydrogels can be toxic to cells and require optimal procedures for appropriate handling. In this study, we created 3D models …

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Advanced Manufacturing Of Titanium Alloys For Biomedical Applications, Nicholas C. Mavros Jan 2018

Advanced Manufacturing Of Titanium Alloys For Biomedical Applications, Nicholas C. Mavros

ETD Archive

In metallurgy, Titanium has been a staple for biomedical purposes. Its low toxicity and alloying versatility make it an attractive choice for medical applications. However, studies have shown the difference in elastic modulus between Titanium alloys (116 GPa) and human bone (40-60 GPa) contribute to long term issues with loose hardware fixation. Additionally, long term studies have shown elements such as Vanadium and Aluminum, which are commonly used in Ti-6Al-4V biomedical alloys, have been linked to neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimers and Parkinsons. Alternative metals known to be less toxic are being explored as replacements for alloying elements in Titanium alloys. …

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The Role Of Synthesis Solvent In Particle Size Of Metal Organic Frameworks, Jonathan Krisak Jan 2018

The Role Of Synthesis Solvent In Particle Size Of Metal Organic Frameworks, Jonathan Krisak

Undergraduate Research Posters 2018

Metal organic frameworks are a class of nanoporous materials with pore sizes ranging from 0.5 to 3 nm and high surface areas (500-6000 m2/g). These materials have potential applications in industrial catalysis, separation and purification, bio-mimetics, drug delivery, semiconductors, sensors and other electronics. The aim of this study is to understand the role of solvent in control of the particle size of the final MOF product. CuBTC MOF has been used as a model MOF in this study to understand this effect. Altering the dielectric constant of solvents is a potential method of controlling the particle size. The data obtained …

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Methodology Development For The Implementation Ofmicrofluidic Mixers, Tahir Butt, Gautam Mahajan Jan 2018

Methodology Development For The Implementation Ofmicrofluidic Mixers, Tahir Butt, Gautam Mahajan

Undergraduate Research Posters 2018

Microfluidic platforms have been widely regarded as defining technologies for the development of chemical and biological synthesis and analysis systems, due to benefits associated with reduced reactant consumption, increases by orders of magnitude of the surface-to-volume ratios, and greatly enhanced control over reactions variables such as temperature and pressure. However, one of the bottlenecks for their wide application is the difficulty in achieving mixing, given the typical laminar flows in these systems. In this work we implement experimentally, various strategies using geometrical features to control the fluid motion and induce stirring flows. The mixers are fabricated using soft-lithography in PDMS …

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Surface Functionalization Of Pure-Chirality Carbon Nanotubes By Covalent And Noncovalent Chemistry, Fjorela Xhyliu, Niyousha Mohammad Shafie Jan 2018

Surface Functionalization Of Pure-Chirality Carbon Nanotubes By Covalent And Noncovalent Chemistry, Fjorela Xhyliu, Niyousha Mohammad Shafie

Undergraduate Research Posters 2018

Single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are one-dimensional cylindrical nanostructures with distinct electronic and optical properties. With all its atoms on the surface, SWCNTs have been widely explored for chemical modification through noncovalent and covalent chemistry, which can provide promising applications in bioimaging and sensing. Here we investigated surface functionalization of purechirality SWCNTs with various glycopolymers, surfactants, and RPMI cell culture media with and without fetal bovine serum (FBS). Raman, vis-NIR absorption, and vis-NIR fluorescence spectra of SWCNTs in various solvent environments were monitored over time. While nanotube aggregation was not observed for incubation in FBS containing RPMI for 8 hours, interactions …

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Multi-Phase Waste Gasification – Reaction Engineering For Sustainable Living Environments, Kristen M. Reyes, Mason J. Lang Jan 2018

Multi-Phase Waste Gasification – Reaction Engineering For Sustainable Living Environments, Kristen M. Reyes, Mason J. Lang

Undergraduate Research Posters 2018

Gasification converts carbon-based (organic) materials into gaseous products typically referred to as synthetic gas. This technology is an alternative for reducing carbon footprint of energy generation as well as for waste management. This research examines Catalytic Gasification as a route to Sustainability while converting spaceflight and municipal waste into high-value products. As polyethylene (PE) makes up one of the largest portions of both municipal and space waste, this project centered its attention on the gasification of mid-density PE. We used a slurry containing middensity PE, water, and solid catalysts (ruthenium on alumina, Ru/Al2O3) in a 1:1 PE/Ru ratio. The gasification …

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Treatment Of Non-Epithelial Vaginal Cells From Lysyl Oxidase Like One Knockout Mice (Loxl 1) With Nanoparticles (Nps), Priya Patel Jan 2018

Treatment Of Non-Epithelial Vaginal Cells From Lysyl Oxidase Like One Knockout Mice (Loxl 1) With Nanoparticles (Nps), Priya Patel

Undergraduate Research Posters 2018

Female pelvic floor dysfunction includes pelvic organ prolapse (POP) due to multiple vaginal births causing elastin strength to be reduced. Several normal functions are compromised including bladder control, fecal continence, and painful urination and many other symptoms. Currently no effective treatment is known and women seek surgical mesh implants to correct these issues which are not entirely safe nor effective. The condition of POP affects women across the world and effective treatment is sought. Varying proteins including lysyl oxidase (LOX), tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases, and matrix metalloproteinases are involved in elastin homeostasis. In this experiment, non-epithelial vaginal cells (NEVCs) retrieved …

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