Aerospace Engineering Commons^™

Mission Performance As Point Performance, Robert A. Mcdonald

Robert A. McDonald

The cruise or loiter performance of an aircraft is intimately tied to its wing loading (W/S) and its thrust to weight ratio (T/W). Paradoxically, mission performance is often not considered when these fundamental aircraft parameters are determined in conceptual design. In this research, the traditional constraint diagram is extended to include contours of range parameter. This point performance metric represents the mission performance capability of the aircraft without sizing the aircraft to a particular mission. This gives the designer an immediate and intuitive understanding of the tradeoff between the point and mission performance of the aircraft. This improved constraint diagram …

Emergent Design Dissertation Errata, Kent D. Palmer

Kent D. Palmer

Errors found in final dissertation

Birdstrike Mitigation - Beyond The Airport, Paul Eschenfelder, Russ Defusco

Paul F. Eschenfelder

No abstract provided.

The Bending Strip Method For Isogeometric Analysis Of Kirchhoff–Love Shell Structures Comprised Of Multiple Patches, J. Kiendel, Y. Bazilevs, Ming-Chen Hsu, R. Wuchner, K. U. Bletzigner

Ming-Chen Hsu

In this paper we present an isogeometric formulation for rotation-free thin shell analysis of structures comprised of multiple patches. The structural patches are C1- or higher-order continuous in the interior, and are joined with C0-continuity. The Kirchhoff–Love shell theory that relies on higher-order continuity of the basis functions is employed in the patch interior as presented in Kiendl et al. [36]. For the treatment of patch boundaries, a method is developed in which strips of fictitious material with unidirectional bending stiffness and zero membrane stiffness are added at patch interfaces. The direction of bending stiffness is chosen to be transverse …

Letter To Faa Administrator Re: Usair 1549 Crash, Paul F. Eschenfelder, Russell P. Defusco Phd, Richard Sowden

Paul F. Eschenfelder

No abstract provided.

Assessment Of Carbon-Phenolic-In-Air Chemistry Models For Atmospheric Reentry, Alexandre Martin, Iain D. Boyd

Alexandre Martin

Recent and future re-entry vehicle designs use ablative material as the main component of the heat shield of their thermal protection system. In order to properly predict the behavior of the vehicle, it is imperative to take into account the gases produced by the ablation process when modeling the reacting flow environment. In the case of charring ablators, where an inner resin is pyrolyzed at a relatively low temperature, the composition of the gas expelled in the boundary layer is complex and might lead to thermal chemical reactions that cannot be captured with simple flow chemistry models. In order to …

Mesh Tailoring For Strongly Coupled Computation Of Ablative Material In Nonequilibrium Hypersonic Flow, Alexandre Martin, Iain D. Boyd

Alexandre Martin

A one-dimensional material response implicit solver with surface ablation and pyrolysis is strongly coupled to LeMANS, a CFD code for the simulation of weakly ionized hypersonic flows in thermo-chemical non-equilibrium. Using blowing wall boundary conditions and a moving mesh algorithm, the results of a strongly coupled solution of a sample re-entry problem are presented. Because of the requirement of a coupling scheme, an Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) approach is used to compute the flux, allowing the mesh to move as the surface ablates. However, as the shape of the vehicle changes, the shock location and geometry are also modified. Using the …

Determination Of Material Emission Signatures By Ptr-Ms And Their Correlations With Odor Assessments By Human Subjects, Kwanghoon Han

Kwanghoon Han

The objectives of this study were to determine volatile organic compound (VOC) emission signatures of nine typical building materials by using proton transfer reaction-mass spectrometry (PTR-MS) and to explore the correlation between the PTR-MS measurements and the measurements of acceptability by human subjects. VOC emissions from each material were measured in a 50-l small-scale chamber. Chamber air was sampled by PTR-MS to determine emission signatures. Sorbent tube sampling and TD-GC/MS analysis were also performed to identify the major VOCs emitted and to compare the resulting data with the PTR-MS emission signatures. The data on the acceptability of air quality assessed …

Improving Stability Of Stabilized And Multiscale Formulations In Flow Simulations At Small Time Steps, Ming-Chen Hsu, Y. Bazilevs, V. M. Calo, T. E. Tezduyar, T.J.R. Hughes

Ming-Chen Hsu

The objective of this paper is to show that use of the element-vector-based definition of stabilization parameters, introduced in [T.E. Tezduyar, Computation of moving boundaries and interfaces and stabilization parameters, Int. J. Numer. Methods Fluids 43 (2003) 555–575; T.E. Tezduyar, Y. Osawa, Finite element stabilization parameters computed from element matrices and vectors, Comput. Methods Appl. Mech. Engrg. 190 (2000) 411–430], circumvents the well-known instability associated with conventional stabilized formulations at small time steps. We describe formulations for linear advection–diffusion and incompressible Navier–Stokes equations and test them on three benchmark problems: advection of an L-shaped discontinuity, laminar flow in a square …

Lift Superposition And Aerodynamic Twist Optimization For Achieving Desired Lift Distributions, Kevin A. Lane, David D. Marshall, Robert A. Mcdonald

Robert A. McDonald

A method for achieving an arbitrary lift distribution with an arbitrary planform is presented. This is accomplished through optimizing aerodynamic twist for a given number of either known airfoils or airfoils to be designed. The spanwise locations of these airfoils are optimized to get as close to the desired lift distribution as possible. Airfoils are linearly interpolated between these points. After aerodynamic twist, the planform is twisted geometrically using radial basis functions to model the twist distribution. The aerodynamic influence of each twist distribution is determined and all are superimposed to determine the function weights of each twist function, yielding …

Conceptual Design Of A Next Generation, 150 Passenger Commercial Transport, Ryan Halper, Kevin Lane, Dustin Marschik, Brett Morham, John Pham, Robert A. Mcdonald, Bruce Wright

Robert A. McDonald

In response to the 2008-2009 AIAA Undergraduate Team Design Competition's Request for Proposals for an advanced, environmentally compatible, 150 seat commercial transport; Jackson West has designed the Sparrow JS-3. The Sparrow represents the next step in the evolution of commercial aviation. Scheduled to enter service in 2018, The Sparrow will compete directly with the Boeing 737 and Airbus A320. Its improvements in fuel consumption and operating cost, as well as its reduced environmental impact, make The Sparrow the ideal solution to this RFP.

Conceptual Design Of An Environmentally Responsible 150-Passenger Commercial Aircraft, Natalie R. Smith, Bryan Blessing, James Dixon, Allen Mackey, Gregory Mckenzie, Robert A. Mcdonald, Bruce Wright

Robert A. McDonald

Verde is an environmentally responsible commercial transport seating 150 dual-class passengers, designed in response to the 2008-2009 Request for Proposal from the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Undergraduate Team Aircraft Design Competition. While the airline industry faces increasing pressures from the cost of fuel and the responsibility of environmental impact, the next generation of this aircraft class must operate more efficiently and address those environmental needs. Therefore, all design decisions for Verde focused first on reducing fuel burn, second on reducing emissions, then noise, and finally on maintaining flyaway cost, airport integration, and passenger comfort. The final design utilizes …

A Three Dimensional Vortex Particle-Panel Method For Modeling Propulsion-Airframe Interaction, Jacob S. Calabretta, Robert A. Mcdonald

Robert A. McDonald

The panel code has been a pivotal tool for aerodynamic simulations for decades, today providing users with quick solutions without the necessity of a volume grid. Unfortunately, the panel code also carries with it some inherent shortcomings when compared with other methods. One such weakness is its inability to account for any work done on or by the system in question. This paper proposes a method to address this issue by combining vortex particles with a panel code, and using them to model the work effects of a propeller or engine. While the proposed model is still a work in …

Parameter Estimation Of Fundamental Technical Aircraft Information Applied To Aircraft Performance, Mike Vallone, Robert A. Mcdonald

Robert A. McDonald

Inverse problems can be applied to aircraft in many areas. One of the disciplines within the aerospace industry with the most openly published data is in the area of aircraft performance. Many aircraft manufacturers publish performance claims, flight manuals and Standard Aircraft Characteristic (SAC) charts without any mention of the more fundamental technical information such as C_D0. With accurate tools, generalized aircraft models and a few curve-fitting techniques, it is possible to evaluate vehicle performance and estimate these technical parameters.

With this goal a program has been written in Matlab to calculate the fundamental information behind a …

Designing A Green Aircraft: Cal Poly's 2009 Undergraduate Aircraft Designs, Robert A. Mcdonald, Bruce Wright

Robert A. McDonald

The Cal Poly senior design class submitted six designs this year in response to the 2009 Undergraduate Team Aircraft Design Competition. This paper summarizes our experiences teaching design through this RFP and brings the student's insights together.

Improved Geometry Modeling For High Fidelity Parametric Design, James R. Gloudemans, Robert A. Mcdonald

Robert A. McDonald

Advanced multidisciplinary physics-based design and analysis capabilities are required to pursue the revolutionary vehicle and technology concepts needed to meet the goals of the aerospace industry for the next 10-30 years. The multidisciplinary physics critical to advancing aerospace technology all have one common bond, the shape, size, and form of the underlying aircraft - its geometry. An aircraft shape is the natural starting point for multidisciplinary analysis and optimization (MDAO). Vehicle Sketch Pad (VSP) is an aircraft geometry tool for rapid evaluation of advanced design concepts which was developed by NASA and is available to industry at large. VSP allows …

Adaptive Pid Control Based On Rbf Network Approximating The Satellite Clock Thermal Model, Bin Xu

Bin Xu

The accuracy o f t ime information prov ided by sate llite clock g reat ly depends on its frequency stab ili􀀁 ty, w hich is up to the stability o f the co re tempera ture. Th is paper introduces an adaptive PID control for the sate llite c lock system whose mode l is approx imated based on RBF neural netw orks. Simu lation resu lts demonstrate the va lid ity o f the proposed contro.l

Designing For The Future: A Cognitive-Adaptive-Man-Machine-Interface, Claudia Keinrath, Michael C. Dorneich, Jiri Vasek

Michael C. Dorneich

The forecasts of the International Civil Aviation Organization envisage a growth in world air travel of 5% per annum until 2020. The air traffic in Europe is therefore expected to more than double by 2020. In order to deal with the growth, the European Air Traffic Management (ATM) system will undergo major changes. The envisaged next generation ATM will require new technologies to meet future collaborative decision making, self separation, precision 4D path following, and closer aircraft spacing. The CAMMI (Cognitive Adaptive Man Machine Interface) program addresses human factors priorities in various domains by developing concepts that balance operator workload, …

Chemistry Model For Ablating Carbon-Phenolic Material During Atmospheric Re-Entry, Alexandre Martin, Iain D. Boyd, Ioana Cozmuta, Michael J. Wright

Alexandre Martin

Recent and future re-entry vehicle designs, such as the CEV, use ablative material as the main component of the heat shield of their thermal protection system. In order to properly predict the behavior of the vehicle, it is imperative to take into account the gases produced by the ablation process when modeling the reacting flow environment. In the case of charring ablators, where an inner resin is pyrolyzed at a relatively low temperature, the composition of the gas expelled in the boundary layer is complex and might lead to thermal chemical reactions that cannot be captured with simple flow chemistry …

Challenges Students Face When Solving Open - Ended Problems, Nikos J. Mourtos

Nikos J. Mourtos

No abstract provided.

Erau Aviation Wildlife Hazard Newsletter, Paul F. Eschenfelder

Paul F. Eschenfelder

No abstract provided.

Airport Wildlife Hazard Control, Paul F. Eschenfelder

Paul F. Eschenfelder

No abstract provided.