Engineering Commons^™

Experimental And Numerical Analysis Of Laminar And Transitional Flow Through Annular Corrugated Pipes, Joseph Russell Sargent

Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation presents studies on pressure loss through annular corrugated pipes to determine a friction factor coefficient using nitrogen. Ten different corrugated pipes’ geometries were evaluated via testing and experimentation. The ratio of corrugation height to inner diameter varied from 0.233 to 0.333 and the ratio of corrugation pitch to inner diameter varied from 0.181 to 0.446. Nitrogen flow rates between 0.25 to 94.4 standard liters per minute were used, resulting in Reynolds numbers, based on the corrugated pipe inner diameter, from 100 to 23,000. The experimental set-up was validated using smooth-pipe pressure loss measurements and the derived friction factor …

Development And Application Of An Automatic Online Testing Instrument For The Funnel Viscosity And Density Of Drilling Fluids, Xie Hui, Zheng Liqun, Liu Fulin, Liang Mengjia, Liu Xuan, Cai Jihua, Yang Xianyu, Hou Jiwu

Coal Geology & Exploration

In recent years, the research on the automatic performance testing technology for drilling fluids has achieved significant progress both domestically and internationally. However, automatic drilling fluid testing instruments face challenges, such as high costs, complicated structures, and restricted working environments. Given these challenges, this study developed an automatic online testing instrument for the funnel viscosity and density of drilling fluids. The testing instrument consists of mud pumping, testing, cleaning, and control modules, which are built using a programmable logic controller (PLC), an Internet of things (IoT) module, a pressure sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, a peristaltic mud pump, an electric ball …

Safe Navigation Of Quadruped Robots Using Density Functions, Andrew Zheng

All Theses

Safe navigation of mission-critical systems is of utmost importance in many modern autonomous applications. Over the past decades, the approach to the problem has consisted of using probabilistic methods, such as sample-based planners, to generate feasible, safe solutions to the navigation problem. However, these methods use iterative safety checks to guarantee the safety of the system, which can become quite complex. The navigation problem can also be solved in feedback form using potential field methods. Navigation function, a class of potential field methods, is an analytical control design to give almost everywhere convergence properties, but under certain topological constraints and …

Synergistic Strategies In Sinter-Based Material Extrusion (Mex) 3d Printing Of Copper: Process Development, Product Design, Predictive Maps And Models., Kameswara Pavan Kumar Ajjarapu

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

3D printing pure copper with high electrical conductivity and exceptional density has long been challenging. While laser-based additive manufacturing technologies suffered due to copper's highly reflective nature towards laser beams, parts printed via binder-assisted technologies failed to reach over 90% IACS (International Annealed Copper Standard), electrical conductivity. Although promising techniques such as binder jetting, filament, and pellet-based 3D printing that can print copper exist, they however still face difficulties in achieving both high sintered densities and electrical conductivity values. This is due to a lack of comprehensive understanding of property evolution from green to sintered states and the strategies that …

A Polarizable Molecular Dynamics Potential For Molten Salt Property Prediction, Jared Thurgood

Theses and Dissertations

The present study attempts to find an alternate computational tool to model the complex physical interactions within the molten salt FLiNaK in a way that is both efficient and accurate. Additionally, this study seeks to describe the effects of several different types of impurities on the FLiNaK salt system. This study selects two different polarizable force fields, the AMOEBA polarizable approach and the polarizable ion model, to determine the density and the structure of the impure FLiNaK salt mixtures at typical operating temperatures in molten salt reactors (between 500-900 °C). This study conducts ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations and …

Hybrid Power Spectral And Wavelet Image Roughness Analysis, Basel White

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The Two-Dimensional Wavelet Transform Modulus Maxima (2D WTMM) sliding window methodology has proven to be a robust approach, in particular for the extraction of the Hurst (H) roughness exponent from grayscale mammograms. The power spectrum is a computational analysis based on the Fourier transform that can be used to estimate the roughness of a scale-invariant image or region via the calculation of H. We aim to examine how the calculation of H in fractional Brownian motion (fBm) images and mammograms can be improved. fBm images are generated for H ∈ [0.00,1.00] for testing through the previous 2D …

Continuous Moisture Measurement During Pavement Foundation Construction: Laboratory Measurements, Isaac Esteban Zuniga

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

Moisture content directly affects all properties of subgrade materials. A rapid, continuous, and accurate technique to determine moisture content during subgrade construction is the next step needed to improve the mechanistic-based quality of pavement foundations. In this study, six geomaterials were compacted to standard/modified proctor specifications and subjected to laboratory measurements to study the variations in their electromagnetic and electric properties with moisture content. The relationships between the seismic modulus, unconfined compressive strength, lightweight deflectometer, and moisture content for the same geomaterials were also established. Large-scale replicate specimens were also compacted and subjected to numerous measurements. The dielectric constant measured …

Method For Routine Density Measurement Of Sublimating Solid Carbon Dioxide (Dry Ice) For Cold-Chain Quality Control, Kimberly Hafner, Bruce A. Welt, William Pelletier

Journal of Applied Packaging Research

With recent development of vaccines and biologics, interest in dry ice for cold chain shipping has increased. However, understanding of how dry ice properties relate to performance is not well understood. This study introduces a simple method for measuring a key property of dry ice that has been shown to correlate to performance. The method involves a variant of the water displacement method for determining volume, where dense solid particles are used in place of water for volume determination. Three particle types (sieved sand, glass beads, and stainless-steel shot) were tested for suitability with the particle displacement method. Items of …

Rapid Non-Nuclear In Situ Density And Moisture Content Measurement Of Soil, Mateo Lopez

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Adequate soil compaction is important for the stability and safety of structures and transportation infrastructure. Thus, methods utilized to obtain properties that control the quality of compaction in the field are essential to ensure proper construction. These properties include; total density, dry density, total unit weight and dry unit weight of the compacted soil. The most common method to measure these properties in the field is the Nuclear Density Gauge. Moisture content and density results are obtained using the Nuclear Density Gauge in one to four minutes. However, this method requires specialized training and strict storage requirements in addition to …

Development Of Available Mud Stabilizers Based On Local Material, S Gaibnazarov

Technical science and innovation

The article discusses some issues of creating new affordable and cheap stabilizer-reagents for drilling fluids based on local and secondary resources. It has been established that in the process of drilling, in order to prevent rock falls, the mud should not decrease, but, if possible, increase the cohesion forces in the rocks. In order to maintain the stability of the wellbore, to prevent outbursts of formation fluids and losses, the mud must have, first of all, the required density. Stabilizing reagents are primarily designed to reduce filtration and viscosity of the drilling fluid. It has been established that in each …

Exploring The Spatially Heterogeneous Effects Of The Built Environment On Bike-Sharing Usage During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Hongtai Yang, Zishuo Guo, Guocong Zhai, Linchuan Yang, Jinghai Huo

Civil & Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications

Bike-sharing holds promise for available and healthy mobility services during COVID-19 where bike sharing users can make trips with lower health concerns due to social distancing compared to the restricted transportation modes such as public transit and ridesharing services. Leveraging the trip data of the Divvy bike-sharing system in Chicago, this study explores spatially heterogeneous effects of built environment on bike-sharing usage under the pandemic. Results show that the average weekly ridership declined by 52.04%. To account for the spatially heterogeneous relationship between the built environment and the ridership, the geographically weighted regression (GWR) model and the semiparametric GWR (S-GWR) …

Investigation Of Flow Characteristics In An Open Channel With One-Line Semicircular Vegetation Patches, Hemanta D. Karki

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Experiments are conducted in an open channel with semi-circular patches distributed on one sidewall of the channel in which velocity distribution, turbulent intensity, and vortex generation are analyzed. The resistance force offered by a vegetation patch causes the change in water depth which have a broader application in river management, bank stabilization, and flood control.

The measurement is conducted in the laboratory with the help of different measuring devices like Laser doppler velocimeter, particle image velocimeter, measuring scale, and so on. From the experiment, the velocity distribution in a longitudinal direction suggests that the flow is fully developed after a …

Research And Application Of The Prediction Method For Cbm Enrichment Area Of Low Rank Coal, Luo Zhongqin, Liu Peng, Meng Fanbin Research Institute Of Coal Geophysical Exploration, China National Administration Of Coal Geology, Zhuozhou 072750, China

Coal Geology & Exploration

The exploration of low rank coal coalbed methane(CBM) faces the problems of low resource exploration rate and low single well production. And medium and low rank coal CBM exploration is still in the primary stage. In order to improve the predition accuracy of the low rank coal CBM enrichment area, the laboratory test data of 652 coal samples from 56 wells in Hancheng, Jincheng Baode, Ji'ergalangtu Qinshui Basin, Huainan, Huaibei and other places were collected to compare the relationship between gas content and elastic parameters of high, medium and low rank coal samples. The results indicated that the correlation between …

Searching Extreme Mechanical Properties Using Active Machine Learning And Density Functional Theory, Joshua Ojih

Theses and Dissertations

Materials with extreme mechanical properties leads to future technological advancements. However, discovery of these materials is non-trivial. The use of machine learning (ML) techniques and density functional theory (DFT) calculation for structure properties prediction has helped to the discovery of novel materials over the past decade. ML techniques are highly efficient, but less accurate and density functional theory (DFT) calculation is highly accurate, but less efficient. We proposed a technique to combine ML methods and DFT calculations in discovering new materials with desired properties. This combination improves the search for materials because it combines the efficiency of ML and the …

A Critical Review On The Development Of Ionic Liquids-Based Nanofluids As Heat Transfer Fluids For Solar Thermal Energy, Titan C. Paul, Amitav Tikadar, Rajib Mahamud, Azzam S. Salman, A.K.M. Monjur Morshed, Jamil A. Khan

Faculty Publications

In recent years, solar thermal energy (STE) has attracted energy researchers because of its higher efficacy compared to the photovoltaic solar cell. STE is one of the forms of solar energy whereby heat is transferred via a secondary medium called heat transfer fluids (HTFs). Therefore, the overall performance of STE depends on the thermophysical properties and thermal performance of the HTFs. Traditional HTFs suffer from low decomposition temperature, high melting point, and higher vapor pressure. To overcome these limitations, researchers have recently begun working on new HTFs for STE. Ionic liquids (ILs) are considered as a potential candidate for the …

Study Of The Rheological Properties Of The Suspension Formed During The Production Of Caustic Soda By The Lime Method, Aktam Ulashovich Erkaev, Dildora Tursunova

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

The process of obtaining sodium hydroxide - caustic soda by conversion of soda ash with lime milk in the presence of natural mirabilite - has been investigated. The influence of temperature, Na₂CO₃: Na₂SO₄ ratio, concentration of lime milk and duration of the conversion process on this process was studied by identifying their optimal values. The study of the rheological properties of the reaction pulp showed that it is mobile and well filtered, which makes it possible to obtain rapidly settling large crystals of Na₂CO₃·2Na₂SO₄, Na …

Development Of Preparations Based On Local Components For Dust Suppression On Quarry Roads, Olikulov Fakhriyor, Mukhiddinov Bakhоdir, Vapoev Khusniddin, Zhurayev Shokhruh

CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

The aim of the work is to develop dust-collecting preparations based on local raw materials for the suppression of man-made dust formed on quarry paths. For this purpose, 4 types of the drug were created in the laboratory on the basis of domestic raw materials for dust suppression. The dependence of the viscosity and density of the created preparations on the concentration of components and temperature is studied. For the preparation of the solution of the created drug, a semi-industrial installation is created, which presents the general view and the process of preparing the solution. The spray of the prepared …

Analyzing Variation In Dispersoid Formation In Aluminum Alloys By Minor Changes In Homogenization Temperature, Brendan Treanore

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

The homogenization of billets in the aluminum extrusion industry is a critical step that removes chemical segregation from casting, dissolves low melting point phases, forms nanoscale dispersoid phases, and promotes the beta to alpha transformation of iron particles in the matrix. With ever increasing use of aluminum extrusion in the automotive industry there is a constant need for increased efficiency and consistency in processing of extruded aluminum. The work in this thesis explores the effects of 10°C differences in the homogenization temperature on the formation of dispersoids in 6082 alloys used in the automotive industry. The role of dispersoids is …

Absolute Number Density Measurements Of Atomic Species In Air And Nitrogen Plasmas, Jeffrey C. Schindler

Graduate College Dissertations and Theses

A vehicle reentering Earth's atmosphere at hypersonic velocities violently compresses the air in front of it, creating a shell of plasma at the surface. This plasma imparts energy onto the vehicle's surface via convective, radiative, and chemical heating. Currently, large uncertainties in measurements of surface reaction rates lead to over-designed thermal protection systems. Improvements in the precision of these measurements could substantially decrease the weight of the heat shield, freeing up space for additional fuel or human/scientific payload. This work aims to improve current methods for measurements of atomic number densities in plasmas, so that they may be applied to …

Technology And Technical Device Used In The Efficient Use Of Water Resources In Irrigated Agriculture, А.U. Аtajanov

Irrigation and Melioration

The economical use of water resources, the improvement and development of new technology and technical means for its implementation, ensuring the saving of irrigation water is one of the most important issues of today. This article is devoted to the issues of improving the technology of irrigation of furrows and the creation of technical means,also recommended technology and using from created technical device in selected per experiment fields and analyzing their results.

Scaling Up The Oxygenic Photogranule (Opg) Wastewater Treatment Process, Joseph G. Gitau

Doctoral Dissertations

Photogranular biomass has yet to be utilized at large scale for wastewater treatment despite their potential to lower energy demand due to self-aerating capacity in addition to better process control compared to conventional technologies. An evaluation of critical driving factors affecting scaling up has yet to be undertaken. The current generation of oxygenic photogranules under hydrostatic conditions (a deviation from orthodox conditions creating other granules) limit seeding of larger reactors in time and scale. In addition, evaluating the photosynthetic productivity of granules which exist as closely commingled consortia with tightly coupled production and consumption processes, has yet to be undertaken. …

Study Of Rheological Properties Of Solutions And Pulp During Dicalcium Phosphate Formation Process, Navruzbek Ibraimovich Khurramov, Tulkin Isamurodovich Nurmurodov, Nilufar Negboevna Bozorova, Zarifa Umarovna Karimova

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

This article presents the rheological properties of suspensions obtained on the basis of nitric acid decomposition of unfired phosphorites of the Central Kyzylkum, as well as the chemical compositions of dicalcium phosphate and solid residues after the filtration process. The mass-spectral analysis of the pure dicalcium phosphate salt obtained by ammonization of the liquid part separated from the solid residue and subjected to filtration was studied.

Prospects For The Development Of Production Of Reagents For Drilling Solutions Based On Secondary Resources, S.B. Gaibnazarov

Technical science and innovation

The article discusses the prospects for the development of production of reagents for drilling fluids based on secondary resources. Currently, the big problem is the creation of new, highly efficient and affordable drilling fluids and they are essential for successful drilling, to increase productivity and reduce the amount of time. To solve these problems, the article considers the possibilities of synthesis and practical application of new stabilizers for drilling fluids based on waste from chemical enterprises of our republic. The basic physicochemical, rheological and applied properties of the developed stabilizer-reagents are investigated. Specific areas of practical application of the developed …

Siderite As A Weighting Material In Drilling Mud, Khaled Abou Alfa, Rami Harkouss, Jamal Khatib

BAU Journal - Science and Technology

Successful petroleum drilling largely depends on the type and quality of mud used in the process. There exist many types of muds, which differ in use and composition. Certain muds are composed of materials that can cause damage to the formation and the bottom-hole. This has resulted in the search for alternatives mud additives or addition of new materials to minimize the damage of the formation and enhance the stability of the wellbore. Several bodies of literature exist that research different sources of mud functions and additives, also their effect on the drilling process, the production zone and the environment. …

Hydromechanical Parameters Of River Sediment, A.M. Arifjanov, D.Sh. Allayorov

Irrigation and Melioration

The main problem today in irrigation canals is the danger of siltation, in this process it is important to correctly assess the factors affecting the throughput (hydromechanical parameters of sediment) and using their justification of the hydraulic elements of the flow. The article presents the results of theoretical studies of the main hydromechanical parameters (hydraulic fineness) of river sediments, in hydraulic structures, in particular in irrigation canals, which currently increasingly affect adversely moving water. It has been established that the hydraulic size entering the right bank irrigation sump of the Kokand hydropower complex varies in the range of 189-429 mm/s, …

Main Parameters Of Physical Properties Of Saline Soils Along Highways, Zafarov Olmos, Urushboyev Elbek

Problems of Architecture and Construction

This article provides information about the basic parameters of physical properties of the saline soils in roadside of highways, the key and rational indicators which are determined by the experiments and by calculating respectively in the evaluation of soil physical states, the density of solid particles, the basic parameters of density and moisture of the soil in natural condition.

Obtaining Of Magnesium Hydroxide From Dolomite From The Dehkanabad Deposit, Mixliyev Oybek, Bobokulova Oygul, Tadjiev Ilkham, Mirzakulov Kholtura Chorievich

CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

It was shown that the effect of pH on magniy hydroxide sediment degree in chemical pure solution content of dolo-mite which is affected by nitrogen acid. It was determined that sedimented based amound of magniy when the purified solu-tion of dolomite was neutral ized with gas ammonia at 11-12 pH. The filtration speed of magniy hydroxide is recorded 181 kg/m2h based on dry sediment. All solutions have reothologic properties.

Increase In Volumetric Electrical Power Density Of A Linear Generator By Winding Optimization For Wave Energy Extraction, Selim Molla, Omar Farrok, Abidur Rahman, Md Samiul Bashir, Md Rabiul Islam, Abbas Z. Zouzani, M. A Parvez Mahmud

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

In this article, a method of winding optimization of the linear generator is proposed to increase the electrical power generation from the oceanic wave. A linear generator is designed in the ANSYS/Maxwell environment to analyze the proposed winding optimization method. The electrical and magnetic properties of the generator are extensively analyzed. The cross-sectional area and the number of turns of the copper conductor are optimized to maximize the output power. Load characteristics are also considered for different conductor sizes and turn numbers to determine a suitable operating point. A cooling system is also incorporated in the optimized linear generator to …

Effects Of Nano-Clay Content, Foaming Temperature And Foaming Time On Density And Cell Size Of Pvc Matrix Foam By Presented Least Absolute Shrinkage And Selection Operator Statistical Regression Via Suitable Experiments As A Function Of Mmt Content, Zhixiong Li, Hamzeh Shahrajabian, Seyed Amin Bagherzadeh, Hamid Jadidi, Arash Karimipour, Iskander Tlili

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Present article aims to investigate the effect of nano-clay content, foaming temperature and foaming time on the density and cell size of the PVC matrix foam. The cell size would affect the insulating and mechanical properties. The foaming temperature is set in three levels of 70, 80 and 90 °C, foaming time is set in three levels of 10, 20, and 30 s; and nano-clay is in content of 1, 3, and 5 wt%. Outputs consist the density and cell size, which affect impact the thermal conductivity, mechanical properties and the weight of the polymer foam. In addition the Least …

The Effects Of Carbon Equivalent, Return Ratios, Mold Preparation, Riser Feed And Casting Temperature On The Microstructural And Mechanical Properties Of 100-70-03 Pearlitic Ductile Iron, Erin Vandusen

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

The most common and costly detriments to ductile iron foundries are casting defects, particularly in new and complex components. The ability to understand the factors and processes that create microstructures and the associated properties would allow accurate virtual predictions of casting outcomes. An experimental study of standard foundry variables, carbon equivalent, return ratio, mold preparation, riser feed, and casting temperature on a target of 100-70-03 pearlitic, hypereutectic ductile iron provided the groundwork for an ICME database. Density decreased when the fraction of graphite nodules was greater due to the low density of graphite. A greater percentage of return scrap and …