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Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Optimal Parameter Values For Accurate And Repeatable Nanoindentation Of Human Trabecular Bone, Stephen Matthew Kmak
Optimal Parameter Values For Accurate And Repeatable Nanoindentation Of Human Trabecular Bone, Stephen Matthew Kmak
Master's Theses
Nanoindentation techniques have not been standardized for use on bone tissues, making comparison of bone material properties obtained via nanoindentation across studies difficult and unreliable. This study determined a set of optimal parameter values for thermal drift correction time, dwell time, and loading rate that can be used to obtain accurate and repeatable material properties from human femoral trabecular bone through experimentation and statistical analysis. All testing was conducted using a single nanoindenter on a single trabeculae, with the assumption that material properties within the individual trabeculae were internally consistent. Parameters not of interest during this study, such as ambient …
The Role Of Gene Transcription And Inflammatory Cytokines In Bone Fracture Repair, Brandon Alan Coates
The Role Of Gene Transcription And Inflammatory Cytokines In Bone Fracture Repair, Brandon Alan Coates
McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations
In most instances, the skeleton has a remarkable capacity for repair following injury. However, in 5 to 10% of patients, fractures fail to properly heal resulting in non-union. A need exists for a more comprehensive understanding of the complex biology of fracture repair, which involves the coordinated work of many cell types including osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and immune cells. Depending on the extent of injury, fractures will heal through either intramembranous bone formation, involving the direct formation of bone callus, or endochondral bone formation, featuring a cartilage intermediary prior to bone callus formation. Both processes begin with inflammation, which sets the …
Diffuse Damage Repair Mechanism In Bone, Leila Mehraban Alvandi
Diffuse Damage Repair Mechanism In Bone, Leila Mehraban Alvandi
Dissertations and Theses
Bone microdamage is a result of fatigue, creep or ‘wear and tear’ caused by physiological activities and largely contributes to bone fragility. Bone, unlike engineered materials, has the ability to repair the microscopic cracking or microdamage through targeted, osteoclast-mediated bone remodeling. This capability is crucial for preservation of its structural integrity and quality; failure of the skeleton to effectively repair microdamage leads to accumulation of damage, which is one of the main contributors to bone fragility. Linear microcracks (50-100 µm) and diffuse damage (Dif.Dx) (sub-micron) are the two types of microdamage. Recent studies show that Dif.Dx repairs without bone remodeling, …