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Articles 1 - 27 of 27
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Waste Gasification, Glyn D. Lewis, Nash Taylor, Nicholas L. Ordonez, David S. Mccallum
Waste Gasification, Glyn D. Lewis, Nash Taylor, Nicholas L. Ordonez, David S. Mccallum
Mechanical Engineering
This document summarizes the work the IGT Team has conducted on the topic of waste to energy gasification over the Cal Poly Winter, Spring, and Fall quarters of 2019. The project is being carried out by four Cal Poly Mechanical Engineering students: Nash Taylor, Glyn Lewis, David McCallum, and Nicholas Ordonez and the sponsor of this project is Tod duBois. The team’s original goal was to successfully create a system that compiles residential solid waste on a small scale, gasifies it, and measures the typical syngas outputs, so that the team may assess the viability of gasification of household waste …
A Review Of 30 Years Of Research Using The Cpd Model, Thomas H. Fletcher
A Review Of 30 Years Of Research Using The Cpd Model, Thomas H. Fletcher
Faculty Publications
The chemical percolation devolatilization (CPD) model for coal pyrolysis was first published in 1989, and a completed version that included the vapor–liquid equilibrium model and cross-linking model was published in 1992. The CPD model was one of three pyrolysis models developed using a lattice model to account for the chemical structure of the coal and was directly based on solid-state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements of the coal structure. A correlation of coal structure parameters measured by NMR spectroscopy was performed to permit use of the CPD model to determine pyrolysis rates and yields of tars and light …
Rotating Heater Pyrolyzer (Rhp): A New Pyrolysis Technology For Biochar Production, Ariel Porat
Rotating Heater Pyrolyzer (Rhp): A New Pyrolysis Technology For Biochar Production, Ariel Porat
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Biochar provides an effective and inexpensive carbon sequestration technology to combat climate change. It is formed through a process known as pyrolysis; where biomass is thermally decomposed in the absence of oxygen. In this study, a new pyrolysis reactor called the Rotating Heater Pyrolyzer (RHP) was designed and built for biochar production. RHP derived biochar properties were compared to biochars produced with a standard batch pyrolysis reactor (Pyrolytic Shaker Reactor (PSR)) to determine RHP performance. Using several biochar characterization techniques, the soil amendment potential of two solid anaerobic digestate feedstocks were investigated. Woodchip RHP derived biochar processed between 2-3 hrs …
Investigations Of Thermal Treatment Of Softwood Kraft Lignin Under Fractional And Ablative Pyrolytic Conditions, Dideolu J. Daniel
Investigations Of Thermal Treatment Of Softwood Kraft Lignin Under Fractional And Ablative Pyrolytic Conditions, Dideolu J. Daniel
LSU Master's Theses
Lignin is second to cellulose in abundance among polymers in nature. Research studies on the development of new products and material combinations in which lignin degradation/conversion products are involved are still in their infancy, because fundamental knowledge about its structure, reactivity, and material and polymer behavior, is still lacking.
The objective of this research study was to investigate the complex thermal deconstruction and mechanistic behavior of a type of technical lignin, known as Kraft lignin, under depolymerization and to develop operating conditions for parameters influencing resulting product yields and operation of pyrolysis reactors.
Softwood Kraft lignin (s-KL) and methanol-fractionated (ex-KL) …
Changes In Pore Size Distribution With Pyrolysis Temperature, Particle Aspect Ratio And Pretreatment By Leaching Of Large Beech Wood Particles, Przemyslaw Maziarka, Peter Sommersacher, Stefan Retschitzegger, Wolter Prins, Frederik Ronsse
Changes In Pore Size Distribution With Pyrolysis Temperature, Particle Aspect Ratio And Pretreatment By Leaching Of Large Beech Wood Particles, Przemyslaw Maziarka, Peter Sommersacher, Stefan Retschitzegger, Wolter Prins, Frederik Ronsse
Bio-Char II: Production, Characterization and Applications
When assessing the usefulness of pyrolysis chars as porous materials for the application as adsorbents, catalysts or catalyst supports, one of the most important parameters of the assessment, besides the specific surface area, is their pore size distribution [1, 2]. The aforementioned processes are highly pore size selective, hence inappropriate pores sizes of the applied material can lead to the material’s uselessness for a given application. In terms of the application of pyrolysis char as a soil amendment (i.e., biochar), pore size also plays a major role. For example, in case of a too large share of micropores, even though …
Effect Of Pyrolysis Conditions On Sewage Sludge Derived Biochars For High Value Composites Applications, Paola Giudicianni, Maurizio Troiano, Roberto Solimene, Raffaele Ragucci, Mauro Giorcelli, Alberto Tagliaferro, Mattia Bartoli
Effect Of Pyrolysis Conditions On Sewage Sludge Derived Biochars For High Value Composites Applications, Paola Giudicianni, Maurizio Troiano, Roberto Solimene, Raffaele Ragucci, Mauro Giorcelli, Alberto Tagliaferro, Mattia Bartoli
Bio-Char II: Production, Characterization and Applications
The economy of the whole wastewater treatment system is significantly burdened by the increasing amounts of sewage sludge due to the progressive implementation of the Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive 91/271/EEC and by the complexity of the treatments required for guaranteeing a safe handling and a proper end-of-life of the sludge. For this reason, thermal treatments of sewage sludge have been studied in the past for their efficient valorization in terms of energy and/or matter recovery. Among them, pyrolysis represents a viable route aiming at the recycling of resources without production of harmful substances to the humans or the environment. …
Biochar Production Though Combined Solar Drying & Single Chamber Pyrolysis, Dirk Weichgrebe, Moni M Mondal, Rahul Ramesh Nair
Biochar Production Though Combined Solar Drying & Single Chamber Pyrolysis, Dirk Weichgrebe, Moni M Mondal, Rahul Ramesh Nair
Bio-Char II: Production, Characterization and Applications
In this study, the challenging management of fibrous organic wastes (FOW) and dewatered municipal sewage sludge (MSS) in urban areas of Asia’s newly industrialised countries is presented with high energy efficiency, negative CO2 balance and biochar generation. This study investigates the feasibility and benefits of a combined treatment approach for both of the substrates, comprising solar drying (SD) and pyrolysis process (PYR). Based on material investigations, a calculation model is developed to project the material and energy flows of this process combination on the example of Chennai, India.
Please click Additional Files below to see the full abstract.
Influence Of Heating Rate On The Solid Yield Of Biomass Pyrolysis, Markus Lang, Kathrin Weber, Peter Quicker
Influence Of Heating Rate On The Solid Yield Of Biomass Pyrolysis, Markus Lang, Kathrin Weber, Peter Quicker
Bio-Char II: Production, Characterization and Applications
The use of biochar has become increasingly popular over the last decade. The possible applications are vast and range from renewable carbon carrier in industrial and energetic applications to soil amendment and fodder additive. The various applications have different demands on the properties of biochar. These can be influenced by the choice of feedstock, reactor and production conditions. Regardless of production process and application however, achieving a high yield of the solid product is desirable from an economic point of view. The higher the treatment temperature, the more material is devolatilized and the lower is the amount of biochar that …
Influence Of Feedstock And Operational Conditions On Bio-Chars Derived From The Pyrolysis Of Selected Biomasses, David Chiaramonti, David Casini, Giovanni Ferraro, Emiliano Fratini, Giuditta Pecori, Andrea Maria Rizzo, Luca Rosi
Influence Of Feedstock And Operational Conditions On Bio-Chars Derived From The Pyrolysis Of Selected Biomasses, David Chiaramonti, David Casini, Giovanni Ferraro, Emiliano Fratini, Giuditta Pecori, Andrea Maria Rizzo, Luca Rosi
Bio-Char II: Production, Characterization and Applications
The proprieties of bio-char, the solid product from biomass pyrolysis, depends on both the feedstock and process conditions during thermochemical conversion[1]. As regards the interaction of the char with soil (i.e. as soil amendment), surface areas, size and shape of pores are among the most important factors to be considered.
[1] P. R. Bonelli , G. Nunell , M. E. Fernández , E. L. Buonomo & A. L. Cukierman
(2012) The Potential Applications of the Bio-char Derived from the Pyrolysis of an Agro-industrial
Waste. Effects of Temperature and Acid-pretreatment, Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery,
Utilization, and Environmental Effects, …
Preparations And Electrocatalytic Properties Of Cu-Bipy-Btc-Derived Carbon-Based Catalyst For Oxygen Reduction Reaction, Li-Hua Zhang, Jun-Feng Chen, Wan-Tang Huang, Yong-You Hu, Jian-Hua Cheng, Yuan-Cai Chen
Preparations And Electrocatalytic Properties Of Cu-Bipy-Btc-Derived Carbon-Based Catalyst For Oxygen Reduction Reaction, Li-Hua Zhang, Jun-Feng Chen, Wan-Tang Huang, Yong-You Hu, Jian-Hua Cheng, Yuan-Cai Chen
Journal of Electrochemistry
Efficient and low-cost oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) electrocatalyst plays a key role for fuel cells. In this paper, ORR active metal organic framework (MOF: Cu-bipy-BTC, bipy = 2,2?-bipyridine, BTC = 1,3,5-tricarboxylate) was prepared using hydrothermal method, and then carbon-based material MOF-800 was obtained from pyrolyzing Cu-bipy-BTC at 800 °C. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nitrogen sorption isotherm and X-ray photolectron spectroscopy (XPS) were used to characterize the morphologies and structures of the catalysts. Linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) and current-time curve (i-t) were adopted to evaluate the electrocatalytic properties of the catalysts. …
Synthesis And Use Of Bio-Based Dielectric Substrate For Implanted Radio Frequency Antennas, Austin Tesser, Ala Alemaryeen, Jeremy Lewis, Ali Alshami, Meysam Haghshenas, Sima Noghanian
Synthesis And Use Of Bio-Based Dielectric Substrate For Implanted Radio Frequency Antennas, Austin Tesser, Ala Alemaryeen, Jeremy Lewis, Ali Alshami, Meysam Haghshenas, Sima Noghanian
Chemical Engineering Faculty Publications
Equipped with precision sensors/antenna modules combined with integrated processing and telemetry circuitry, wireless implants that are both biocompatible and biodegradable are important devices for monitoring patient's conditions and patient's safety. In this article we report on the development, design, and testing of a bio-based monopole radio frequency (RF) sensor/antenna module for potential use in human health applications. The module is built on a dielectric substrate biocomposite made of 0.5:1.0 ratio of polylactic acid (PLA) to sunflower carbon substrate (SCS) produced via pyrolysis of seeds shells. Findings for the SCS include optimized reactor yields around 7.9 wt.% at 500°C, a 0.27:1.0 …
Pyrolysis Of Miscanthus And Products Characterization, Arshdeep Singh
Pyrolysis Of Miscanthus And Products Characterization, Arshdeep Singh
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Miscanthus, an invasive crop, has recently gained attention as an emerging energy crop because of certain features such as adaptability to lower temperature, efficient use of water and nutrients, low or no need of nitrogen fertilizers, high biomass yield, fast growing cycle and less intensive agricultural cultivation practices than other energy crops, such as corn.
The literature review is focused on the value-added applications and conversion of Miscanthus for bioenergy and biomaterial applications. The thermochemical conversion technologies reviewed in this chapter include pyrolysis, liquefaction, torrefaction and gasification, whereas biochemical conversion technologies include enzymatic saccharification and fermentation.
In this work, …
Evaluation Of The Antifungal Activity Of Cattle Manure Bio-Oil, Matheus Pinheiro Carvalho, Alberto Wisnievski Junior, Ingred Suellen Carvalho Carregosa, Wyllian Winckler Sartori, Maria Lucileide Nogueira Santos Ramos
Evaluation Of The Antifungal Activity Of Cattle Manure Bio-Oil, Matheus Pinheiro Carvalho, Alberto Wisnievski Junior, Ingred Suellen Carvalho Carregosa, Wyllian Winckler Sartori, Maria Lucileide Nogueira Santos Ramos
Pyroliq 2019: Pyrolysis and Liquefaction of Biomass and Wastes
Plant diseases are a threat to the health and functionality of both natural and man-made ecosystems. Diverse methods and strategies are being employed to prevent, ameliorate or control plant diseases. Unsustainable practices such as use and misuse of synthetic fungicides have caused severe harm to human health, wildlife and the environment (1). Fungal cause the most destructive plant diseases and impose major losses to both natural and production systems, and one of it is the fungi. Botanical fungicides are particularly sought after because they are abundant, selective, readily degraded, and are not toxic to mammals (2).
Bio-oils produced by rotatory …
Anaerobic Digestion Of The Aqueous Pyrolysis Condensate, Franco Berruti, Cesar Miguel Moreira Valenzuela, Lars Rehmann, Connie Wen
Anaerobic Digestion Of The Aqueous Pyrolysis Condensate, Franco Berruti, Cesar Miguel Moreira Valenzuela, Lars Rehmann, Connie Wen
Pyroliq 2019: Pyrolysis and Liquefaction of Biomass and Wastes
Fractional condensation of biomass pyrolysis vapors allows the segregation of different pyrolysis fractions and a separation of an aqueous pyrolysis condensate from an organic rich dry bio-oil fraction. Aqueous pyrolysis condensate is often referred at as “wood vinegar” or “pyroligneous acid” since it contains 70-80% water together with 10-20% acetic acid, and smaller quantities of acetone and methanol mixed with hundreds of other chemicals in small concentrations. Such aqueous pyrolysis condensate cannot be easily disposed of, and it may represent a valuable resource. For example, the significant percentage of acetic acid offers the opportunity to attempt its conversion into methane …
Pyrolysis Of Aerobic Sewage Sludge, Green Wastes And Refuse Derived Fuels At High Temperatures In Bubbling Fluidized Bed Reactor, Sid Ahmed Kessas, Mehrdji Hémati, Thomas Esteves
Pyrolysis Of Aerobic Sewage Sludge, Green Wastes And Refuse Derived Fuels At High Temperatures In Bubbling Fluidized Bed Reactor, Sid Ahmed Kessas, Mehrdji Hémati, Thomas Esteves
Pyroliq 2019: Pyrolysis and Liquefaction of Biomass and Wastes
Effect of temperature during Flash Pyrolysis of solid wastes (Green wastes -GW-, sewage sludge -SS- and refuse-derived fuels -RDF-) in inert atmosphere was investigated in the present study. Pyrolysis was carried out in a dense fluidized bed reactor of laboratory scale (2.5 m height, 0.214 m inner diameter) where wastes are fed continuously. Experiments were conducted at temperatures between 700 and 900°C with different types of fluidized media to highlight the effect of these parameters as well as the influence of the waste nature on gas production rate and carbon distribution into pyrolysis products. For instance, the syngas produced during …
Environmental Assessment Of Pyrolysis In Biorefineries Based On Palm Oil Wastes, Electo Eduardo Silva Lora, York Castillo Santiago, Eric Alberto Ocampo Battle, José Carlos Escobar Palacio, Osvaldo José Venturini, Diego Mauricio Yepes Maya, Alberto Albis Arrieta
Environmental Assessment Of Pyrolysis In Biorefineries Based On Palm Oil Wastes, Electo Eduardo Silva Lora, York Castillo Santiago, Eric Alberto Ocampo Battle, José Carlos Escobar Palacio, Osvaldo José Venturini, Diego Mauricio Yepes Maya, Alberto Albis Arrieta
Pyroliq 2019: Pyrolysis and Liquefaction of Biomass and Wastes
The oil palm industry is one of the largest producers of residual biomass, leading to environmental and economic concerns. For this reason, the concept of biorefinery is emerging as a means to create new ways of converting biomass into new types of renewable products bioenergetics that can contribute to the reduction of greenhouse gases. In this context, this document presents a study that consisting of a biorefinery configuration in a Palm Oil Mill (POM), considering the fast pyrolysis process to produce bio-oil and biochar, and an extraction / trans-esterification stage to produce biodiesel and glycerin in the POM. The environmental …
Pyrolysis Of Polyethylene-Lined Waste Paper Cups, Franco Berruti, Connie Wen, Lars Rehmann, Cesar Miguel Moreira Valenzuela
Pyrolysis Of Polyethylene-Lined Waste Paper Cups, Franco Berruti, Connie Wen, Lars Rehmann, Cesar Miguel Moreira Valenzuela
Pyroliq 2019: Pyrolysis and Liquefaction of Biomass and Wastes
Fractional condensation of biomass pyrolysis vapors allows the segregation of different pyrolysis fractions and a separation of an aqueous pyrolysis condensate from an organic rich dry bio-oil fraction. Aqueous pyrolysis condensate is often referred at as “wood vinegar” or “pyroligneous acid” since it contains 70-80% water together with 10-20% acetic acid, and smaller quantities of acetone and methanol mixed with hundreds of other chemicals in small concentrations. Such aqueous pyrolysis condensate cannot be easily disposed of, and it may represent a valuable resource. For example, the significant percentage of acetic acid offers the opportunity to attempt its conversion into methane …
Thermolysis Of Plastic Waste: Reactor Comparison, Muhammad Saad Qureshi, Anja Oasmaa, Christian Lindfors
Thermolysis Of Plastic Waste: Reactor Comparison, Muhammad Saad Qureshi, Anja Oasmaa, Christian Lindfors
Pyroliq 2019: Pyrolysis and Liquefaction of Biomass and Wastes
Plastic waste offers an attractive business opportunity if treated intelligently. Presently, owing to the lack of economically viable recycling solutions and political interest, this valuable feedstock is bound for an ill-fated destiny i.e. landfills and inefficient incineration. Landfilling plastic waste is rather a storage mechanism than a prevention mechanism. Plastics can stay in ground and in oceans for hundreds of years without decomposing, posing serious environmental hazards. Given the complexity of the plastic waste mixture and heterogeneity of waste streams, a single recycling solution is improbable; however, the current environmental situation demands an urgent need to find ways to tackle …
Challenges And Progresses Made On The Microkinetic Description Of Lignin Liquefaction: Application Of Group Contribution Methods, Manuel Garcia-Perez, Evan Terrell, Linda Broadbelt
Challenges And Progresses Made On The Microkinetic Description Of Lignin Liquefaction: Application Of Group Contribution Methods, Manuel Garcia-Perez, Evan Terrell, Linda Broadbelt
Pyroliq 2019: Pyrolysis and Liquefaction of Biomass and Wastes
In this presentation a comprehensive microkinetic modelling framework and experimental tools are used to describe product yield and composition of direct lignin liquefaction processes with and without solvents (See Figure 1). With the framework proposed we aim to develop a unified theory and models capable of describing both dry (pyrolysis) and wet (hydrothermal and solvolysis) lignin liquefaction processes. An important phenomenon that has been shown to occur during lignin pyrolysis (as well as cellulose) is the formation of a liquid intermediate phase, and subsequent ejection of heavy products (>~250 Da) as aerosols from this intermediate. In our presentation we …
Pyrolysis Of Lignin-Rich Biomass For Renewable Aromatics, Materials Paul De Wild
Pyrolysis Of Lignin-Rich Biomass For Renewable Aromatics, Materials Paul De Wild
Pyroliq 2019: Pyrolysis and Liquefaction of Biomass and Wastes
Currently, several national projects are conducted as an activity along the thermochemical horizon towards functionalized aromatics from lignin and lignin-rich biomass sources in the framework of the BIORIZON shared research center in the south of the Netherlands [1]. Regarding the pyrolytic valorization of lignin-rich biomass towards aromatic chemicals for various applications, it is thought that the collection of pyrolysis vapors in separate fractions [2] offers interesting opportunities for valorization, e.g. towards (additives for) bitumen, resins, rubber and specific marine biofuels. For these high market volume – medium market value products, earlier work has revealed that the application of lignin as …
Co2 Participation In Cross-Linking Reactions And Char Formation During Bio-Oil Pyrolysis, Farid Chejne, Javier Alonso Ordoñez, Carlos F. Valdes
Co2 Participation In Cross-Linking Reactions And Char Formation During Bio-Oil Pyrolysis, Farid Chejne, Javier Alonso Ordoñez, Carlos F. Valdes
Pyroliq 2019: Pyrolysis and Liquefaction of Biomass and Wastes
The integration of new CO2 capture and storage technologies into energy generation processes has led to the development and study of the oxy-fuel combustion, in which the nitrogen in the air is replaced by recirculated CO2 that facilitates its capture and storage to reduce polluting emissions. Currently, the integration of oxy-fuel technologies with the use of new fuels such as bio-oil obtained from the pyrolysis of biomass is a topic of interest. In this case, the CO2 content surrounding the bio-oil droplets modifies the pyrolysis mechanism due to barriers in the diffusion of light volatiles at low temperatures (less than …
Production Of Ethyl Acetate From Pyrolysis Of Lignin Model Compound Guaiacylglycerol-Β-Guaiacyl Using Tga-Ms, Mark J. Kelly, Andrew D. Ure, Stephen Dooley
Production Of Ethyl Acetate From Pyrolysis Of Lignin Model Compound Guaiacylglycerol-Β-Guaiacyl Using Tga-Ms, Mark J. Kelly, Andrew D. Ure, Stephen Dooley
Pyroliq 2019: Pyrolysis and Liquefaction of Biomass and Wastes
Due to the complex chemical structure of lignin, the fundamental chemistry underlying its pyrolysis behaviour is poorly understood. A detailed knowledge of this chemistry would allow for the construction of detailed predictive chemical kinetic models, which could be used to maximise the efficiency of the pyrolysis process.
Lignin is comprised of three monolignols, guaiacyl, p-hydroxyphenyl and syringyl. These are joined together by aryl ether linkages of which β-O-4 is the most common, representing approximately 50% of the linkages found in lignin.[1] In this study, pyrolysis (20oC/minute heating rate) was carried out on a lignin model compound, guaiacylglycerol-β-guaiacyl …
Chemical And Physical Modification Of Thiol-Ene And Epoxy-Amine Networks For Advanced Control Of Gas Transport And Flame Retardant Behavior, Vivek Vasagar
Dissertations
Crosslinked polymers are widely used due to its several advantages not limited to high mechanical strength combined with the easy processability. Despite of its popular usage, the fundamental understanding of polymer structure affecting the desired properties is still lacking. This PhD thesis is in two parts, the first part is devoted to the design and developing a basic understanding of structure and chemical composition dependencies of gas transport, whereas in the second part a fundamental relationship between structure to the fire-retardant properties is established.
Membrane based gas separation technique has attracted interest of selective removal of carbon dioxide gas from …
Paddle Mixer-Extrusion Reactor For Torrefaction And Pyrolysis, Stas Zinchik
Paddle Mixer-Extrusion Reactor For Torrefaction And Pyrolysis, Stas Zinchik
Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports
This work is focused on the fundamental understanding and the development of paddle mixer reactors (or modified screw augers). This work will contribute to the effort of the thermal conversion of biomass and wastes. We developed and studied two paddle systems (i) 25-mm lab-scale (up to 1 kg/hr) and (ii) 101-mm pilot-scale (up to 100 kg/hr). Thermal behavior of the two systems was studied and it was estimated that the lab-scale system has a high heating rate of up to 530 °C/s. Residence times were thoroughly measured and were determined as a function of rotation frequency and volume fraction. We …
Correlations Of The Elemental Compositions Of Primary Coal Tar And Char, Andrew P. Richards, Colson Johnson, Thomas H. Fletcher
Correlations Of The Elemental Compositions Of Primary Coal Tar And Char, Andrew P. Richards, Colson Johnson, Thomas H. Fletcher
Faculty Publications
Simulations of large-scale coal combustors rely on accurate submodels to describe the chemical and physical changes in coal during reaction. Typically, simplified empirical submodels are tuned to experimental data to reduce the computational complexity. When data are not readily available, simplifying assumptions are used, which can create inaccuracies and biases in a large simulation. One such simplifying assumption in coal research is how to describe the elemental composition of primary pyrolysis products. This paper explores several different empirical model forms to predict the dry, ash-free fractions of C, H, O, N, and S in both the char and tar, using …
Pyrolysis Kinetics Of Live And Dead Wildland Vegetation From The Southern United States, Elham Amini, Mohammad-Saeed Safdari, David R. Weise, Thomas H. Fletcher
Pyrolysis Kinetics Of Live And Dead Wildland Vegetation From The Southern United States, Elham Amini, Mohammad-Saeed Safdari, David R. Weise, Thomas H. Fletcher
Faculty Publications
The fundamental combustion behavior of live wildland vegetation is not fully understood. Since the combustion process during wildland fire starts with pyrolysis, there is a need for better understanding of pyrolysis to develop improved wildland fire models. The kinetics of pyrolysis of live and dead wildland vegetation has not been explored in detail. In this study, the pyrolysis kinetics were determined for 14 different plant species (live and dead) which are all native to the forests in the southern United States. Pyrolysis experiments were carried out in a Thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) under inert conditions at 5 different heating rates ranged …
Lignin-Derived Carbon And Nanocomposite Materials For Energy Storage Applications, Wenqi Li
Lignin-Derived Carbon And Nanocomposite Materials For Energy Storage Applications, Wenqi Li
Theses and Dissertations--Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering
With a growing demand for electrical energy storage materials, lignin-derived carbon materials have received increasing attention in recent years. As a highly abundant renewable carbon source, lignin can be converted to a variety of advanced carbon materials with tailorable chemical, structural, mechanical and electrochemical properties through thermochemical conversion (e.g. pyrolysis). However, the non-uniformity in lignin structure, composition, inter-unit linkages and reactivity of diverse lignin sources greatly influence lignin fractionation from plant biomass, the pyrolysis chemistry, and property of the resulting carbon materials.
To introduce a better use of lignocellulosic biomass to biofuels and co-products, it is necessary to find novel …