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Full-Text Articles in Engineering

Sample Size Effect On Combustion Analysis, Osueke C. O, Uguru Okorie Daniel, Aondoyila Kuhe Jul 2015

Sample Size Effect On Combustion Analysis, Osueke C. O, Uguru Okorie Daniel, Aondoyila Kuhe

Innovative Research Publications IRP India

Engine parameters vary from one cycle to the other and this makes engine analysis with data from a single working cycle insufficient in capturing or modelling an engine behaviour. The variation observed in engine has necessitated the use sample sizes of data obtained during an engine operation to obtain results that are representative of the engine being investigated. Research has shown that the use of very large data sample size increases the storage needed and processing time and does not necessary give better results over results obtained with lesser sample sizes. The number of sample size to use for analysis …


Simulation Of Power Transformer Protection Using Microcontroller Relay, Innovative Research Publications Irp India, Arpit Rana, Jeet Shah, Anuradha Deshpande Jun 2015

Simulation Of Power Transformer Protection Using Microcontroller Relay, Innovative Research Publications Irp India, Arpit Rana, Jeet Shah, Anuradha Deshpande

Innovative Research Publications IRP India

Power transformers are key components for electrical energy transfer in a Power system. In order to protect the transformers from these faults different protective methods are adopted. Some of them are differential protection, over excitation Protection, etc. In this Paper Over Voltage protection is established for the protection of the transformer. Microcontroller is used for the Power Transformer Protection as a relay. It will sense the fault Due to over voltage of about +5% and send trip signal to the relay driver circuit and the power transformer will automatically get isolated from the system. The Simulation circuit is designed in …


Alqrs: A Simple Architecture For Location Queries In Recommender Systems, Innovative Research Publications Irp India, B. Rupa Devi, M. Vedavathi Jun 2015

Alqrs: A Simple Architecture For Location Queries In Recommender Systems, Innovative Research Publications Irp India, B. Rupa Devi, M. Vedavathi

Innovative Research Publications IRP India

The ALQRS proposes a location-query system based on the keyword search that calculates for the nearest location. ALQRS evaluates user partitioning for user locations and travel penalty for item locations. ALQRS uses gap keeping approach for sorting, store the values of locations and it is a good space saving technique


Single Phase Pv Inverter Applying A Dual Boost Technology, Innovative Research Publications Irp India, Sudha Bhutada, S.R. Nigam Jun 2015

Single Phase Pv Inverter Applying A Dual Boost Technology, Innovative Research Publications Irp India, Sudha Bhutada, S.R. Nigam

Innovative Research Publications IRP India

In this paper, a single-phase PV inverter applying a dual boost converter circuit inverter is proposed for photovoltaic (PV) generation system and PV grid connected system. This system is designed to improve integration of a Single phase inverter with Photovoltaic panel. The DC 24V is converted into to 86V DC and then 86V DC to 312V DC. The 312 V DC is then successfully inverted to AC 220V. Hence solar energy is powerfully converted into electrical energy for fulfilling the necessities of the home load, or to link with the grid. Matlab Simulation software was used for simulation of the …


Enhancement Of Performance Parameters Of Transformer Using Nanofluids, Innovative Research Publications Irp India, Raja Sekhar Dondapati, Vishnu Saini, Niraj Kishore, Vicky V Jun 2015

Enhancement Of Performance Parameters Of Transformer Using Nanofluids, Innovative Research Publications Irp India, Raja Sekhar Dondapati, Vishnu Saini, Niraj Kishore, Vicky V

Innovative Research Publications IRP India

Transformer is a soul of both transmission and distribution systems. It performs low voltage to high voltage conversion in transmission lines and similarly high voltage to low voltage conversion in distribution lines. The operation of transformer is decided by the cooling provided to the system. The efficient cooling method is achieved by the use of forced (or) natural oil cooling medium. The oils used for the purpose of coolants are the hydrocarbons of paraffin (or) naphtha based petroleum products. The oil is used as coolant is made from highly refined mineral oil and it has high dielectric strength. During the …


Stability Enhancement For Transmission Lines Using Neural Network In Static Synchronous Series Compensator, Innovative Research Publications Irp India, Ishwar Lal Yadav, Satayadharma Bharti Jun 2015

Stability Enhancement For Transmission Lines Using Neural Network In Static Synchronous Series Compensator, Innovative Research Publications Irp India, Ishwar Lal Yadav, Satayadharma Bharti

Innovative Research Publications IRP India

In this paper, a Static Synchronous Series Compensator (SSSC) is used to investigate the effect of this device in controlling active and reactive powers as well as damping power system oscillations in transient mode. During the analyzing its found that the SSSC based power oscillation damping system cannot able to sustain the power oscillations neither alone nor with lead-leg POD controller, so this work proposes SSSC structure equipped with the neural network controller to efficiently sustain the power oscillations. SSSC has a source of energy in the DC link which can supply or absorb the reactive and active power to …


Permeability Test Measurement Of Composite Material For Reusable Launching Vehicles (Rlv), Innovative Research Publications Irp India, Charanjit Singh, Karthik Sunil, Prudhvinath Reddy, Idris Syed Mahaboob, Dondapati, Raja Sekhar Jun 2015

Permeability Test Measurement Of Composite Material For Reusable Launching Vehicles (Rlv), Innovative Research Publications Irp India, Charanjit Singh, Karthik Sunil, Prudhvinath Reddy, Idris Syed Mahaboob, Dondapati, Raja Sekhar

Innovative Research Publications IRP India

Polymer composites are replacing metals over the time due to their light weight, high strength to weight ratio, excellent physical and thermal properties. Hence, they are ideal candidates where weight is of particular concern. One such application is reusable launch vehicles (RLV). Use of polymer Composite materials instead of conventional metal alloys for fuel tank reduces weight of launching vehicle so that more payloads can be carried into space, thereby reducing cost per kilogram of payload. Polymer composites at room temperature show familiar properties but when they are exposed to low temperature, properties change rapidly and show abnormal behavior. Material …


A Survey On Strengthening In Organizing Informal Settlements (Case Study: Imam Ali Town And Hojjat Town Of Mashhad), Innovative Research Publications Irp India, Hoda Esfandiary Jun 2015

A Survey On Strengthening In Organizing Informal Settlements (Case Study: Imam Ali Town And Hojjat Town Of Mashhad), Innovative Research Publications Irp India, Hoda Esfandiary

Innovative Research Publications IRP India

Increasing presence of informal settlements in past decades in Iran shows the inefficiency of devices and exerted policies to encounter them in those decades. Undoubtedly the demolition of such settlements considered as a part of socialeconomical asset of the cities destroys economical asset of low income groups and meanwhile it is an inhuman action. Formalization of informal settlement in itself doesn’t prepare better servicing conditions, increasing private investment, or resolving economical, social and cultural problems. It seems to cooperate with low income groups and take policies and perform programs toward their benefits and Strengthening them is one of directives to …


A Novel Dynamic Model For A Crane System With A Flexible Cable And Large Swing Angle, Innovative Research Publications Irp India, Mohammad H. Fatehi, Mohammad Eghtesad, Roya Amjadifard Jun 2015

A Novel Dynamic Model For A Crane System With A Flexible Cable And Large Swing Angle, Innovative Research Publications Irp India, Mohammad H. Fatehi, Mohammad Eghtesad, Roya Amjadifard

Innovative Research Publications IRP India

In this paper a novel dynamical model will be developed for an overhead crane with transverse vibrations of flexible cable while considering large angle of the cable/payload swing. The major problem addressed is expressing the dynamic interaction between the cables and other elements in the crane system which demands investigation into boundary induced cable vibrations and large swing angle. The developed model is achieved as an ODE model and it is appropriate enough to design suitable control systems. Thus, to perform the modeling, RayleighRitz discretization method is used to achieve an ODE model for transverse deflection of the cable having …


Remote Software Of Double Crystal Monochromator For Adxrd Beamline, Innovative Research Publications Irp India, Priya Tiwari, Amit Mittal, S.R. Kane May 2015

Remote Software Of Double Crystal Monochromator For Adxrd Beamline, Innovative Research Publications Irp India, Priya Tiwari, Amit Mittal, S.R. Kane

Innovative Research Publications IRP India

Double crystal Monochromator (DCM) is used for getting monochromatic beam from the synchrotron radiation. In order to get the specified energy out of DCM, various motors are used to move the X-ray mirrors. Movements of these motors are controlled by a dedicated PC along with its software. The provided software along with DCM was controlling its parameters locally. There was no provision to control or modify the motor movement parameters remotely. As the number of users for ADXRD beamline at BL-12 is increasing and the type of experiments they are preferring to perform by using DCM has demanded the DCM …


Performance Evaluation Of 100% Viscose Rayon Fabric Pre-Treated With Different Alkalis, Innovative Research Publications Irp India, Nawshin Farzana, Faizul Haque, Fatima Binta Satter Disha May 2015

Performance Evaluation Of 100% Viscose Rayon Fabric Pre-Treated With Different Alkalis, Innovative Research Publications Irp India, Nawshin Farzana, Faizul Haque, Fatima Binta Satter Disha

Innovative Research Publications IRP India

This study attempted to focus on the performance evaluation of 100% viscose rayon fabric in terms of strength, whiteness and hydrophilicity or absorbency after scouring and bleaching with two different alkalis such as NaOH and Na2CO3. This work was carried out with 100% viscose rayon knitted fabrics. A single stage scouring and bleaching process of the fabric was adopted using NaOH and Na2CO3 with varying concentrations and at the same processing conditions. The result obtained in this study indicated a great loss in strength with NaOH as compared to that with Na2CO3. Both the alkalis were found to be more …


Monitoring And Controlling Of Air Pollution Using Intelligent Control System, Innovative Research Publications Irp India, Anil.H. Sonune, S.M. Hambarde May 2015

Monitoring And Controlling Of Air Pollution Using Intelligent Control System, Innovative Research Publications Irp India, Anil.H. Sonune, S.M. Hambarde

Innovative Research Publications IRP India

This paper focuses on implementation of Environmental air pollution monitoring and controlling system. First, the air pollution monitoring system contains sensors to monitor the interested pollution parameter in environment. Second, wireless communication modules for monitoring system were developed using wireless sensor networks technologies based on ZigBee network. And then a performance of modules was estimated in the real-fields. Finally, integrated wireless sensor board which employs dust, CO2, temperature, humidity sensor and a ZigBee module was developed. The board is embedded device based on Arm processor LPC2148. This paper accelerates the digital convergence age through continual research and development of technologies …


Review On Comparison Of Different Ofdm Symbol Timing Synchronization Algorithms, Innovative Research Publications Irp India, Ravi Kant Gupta, Anuj Jain May 2015

Review On Comparison Of Different Ofdm Symbol Timing Synchronization Algorithms, Innovative Research Publications Irp India, Ravi Kant Gupta, Anuj Jain

Innovative Research Publications IRP India

Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is the key technology for 4G and 3GPP LTE systems due to its highly efficient bandwidth and multi carrier modulation. The benefit of using OFDM is that it avoids ISI (Inter Symbol Interference) and ICI (Inter carrier Interference) by using timing synchronization technique. For this the symbols must be in properly synchronized form. It also have Higher transmission rate. So SC (Schmidl and Cox) algorithm is designed, It provides timing synchronization and lowers BER( Bit Error Rate). Based on the research of Schmidl & Cox, Minn and Bhargava and Park et al. synchronization algorithm, this …


Preliminary Investigation Regarding Swelling Behaviour Of Soil Of Southern Region Of Kpk, Innovative Research Publications Irp India, Zia Ur Rahman, Irshad Ahmad, Fayaz Ahmad Khan, Wuheed Ur Rehman May 2015

Preliminary Investigation Regarding Swelling Behaviour Of Soil Of Southern Region Of Kpk, Innovative Research Publications Irp India, Zia Ur Rahman, Irshad Ahmad, Fayaz Ahmad Khan, Wuheed Ur Rehman

Innovative Research Publications IRP India

This study is focused on the preliminary investigations of soil of southern district Bannu, KPK, Pakistan in the form of geotechnical and mineralogical details, obtained by performing various kinds of tests on soil samples collected from selected spots, where the unusual cracks were observed to have been appeared in the pavements, boundary walls and some other parts of the buildings. Similar cracks were observed in most parts of the world where the soil was found to be expansive which depends on clay mineralogy, binding agents, migration of water beneath the surface and the ability of soil to absorb water. X-Ray …


Comparison On Two Harmonic Current Determinate Methods Of P-Q And Ip-Iq, Innovative Research Publications Irp India, Vanbao Chau, Congphuong Vo, Minhthuyen Chau May 2015

Comparison On Two Harmonic Current Determinate Methods Of P-Q And Ip-Iq, Innovative Research Publications Irp India, Vanbao Chau, Congphuong Vo, Minhthuyen Chau

Innovative Research Publications IRP India

This paper implements a comparison on p-q and ipiq methods. The simulations demonstrated that it gives same accurate results in case source voltage is symmetric and undistorted. In vice versa case the harmonic current can be detected accurately by ip-iq method, while the p-q method gives results are not accurately


Development Of Composite Material Testing Facility For Cryogenic Fuel Tank Applications, Innovative Research Publications Irp India, Sandeep Singh, Karthik Sunil, Prudhvinath Reddy, Idris Syed Mahaboob, Raja Sekhar Dondapati May 2015

Development Of Composite Material Testing Facility For Cryogenic Fuel Tank Applications, Innovative Research Publications Irp India, Sandeep Singh, Karthik Sunil, Prudhvinath Reddy, Idris Syed Mahaboob, Raja Sekhar Dondapati

Innovative Research Publications IRP India

Composite materials are being used extensively in different realms of science for various applications. There use is prominent in the aerospace industry. The testing of these composite materials is of substantial importance, as they might be susceptible to failure due to the variation in the temperature ranges and the cryogenic temperatures which the materials have to endure. In the present work, the tensile strength of composite materials are observed using double walled vacuum chamber which is designed for the Universal Testing Machine (UTM)


Pitch Detection Of Speech Signal Using Wavelet Transform, Innovative Research Publications Irp India, Amin Shadravan Lalezari, Jalil Shirazi May 2015

Pitch Detection Of Speech Signal Using Wavelet Transform, Innovative Research Publications Irp India, Amin Shadravan Lalezari, Jalil Shirazi

Innovative Research Publications IRP India

Pitch frequency is the fundamental frequency of a speech signal. It is one of the most important parameters for speech signal processing. The simulated results on Keele pitch reference database show that the performance of the proposed wavelet transform based pitch detection algorithm is obviously better than the original AMDF and its improvements based algorithms


Zero Power Wireless Sensor Nodes, Innovative Research Publications Irp India, Zero Power Wireless Sensor Nodes, B. J. Gnanambigai, C. M. Sundarapandian May 2015

Zero Power Wireless Sensor Nodes, Innovative Research Publications Irp India, Zero Power Wireless Sensor Nodes, B. J. Gnanambigai, C. M. Sundarapandian

Innovative Research Publications IRP India

Mote Network is widely used in the world, we have several kinds of motes, On Which we use for many applications but consider the drawback of one thing is effectiveness of drive power, commonly we use mote in lonesome area, and Drive power is replaceable battery or rechargeable battery, both are quickly drain due to consistent operation, Ultimate solution present with us, Environmental Energy huge solar power is with us, In this paper we present an model for solar power as a drive power of mote, tested on different environmental condition, we provide analysis for different operation level, power of …


A New Approach In Wireless Sensor Network Fingerprinting Localization By Affinity Propagation And K-Nearest Neighbor Method, Innovative Research Publications Irp India, Pejman Abdollahzadeh Karegar May 2015

A New Approach In Wireless Sensor Network Fingerprinting Localization By Affinity Propagation And K-Nearest Neighbor Method, Innovative Research Publications Irp India, Pejman Abdollahzadeh Karegar

Innovative Research Publications IRP India

Due to the increasing development of wireless sensor network, localization using fingerprint has particular importance, Which includes database called Receive Signal Strength (RSS) vectors as the basis of indoor positioning, In this paper a clustering method called affinity propagation used for clustering datapoints, And then in the online phase, coarse localization and fine localization is utilized , in coarse localization an adaptive method is used with exemplars, eventually in fine localization the similarity of nearest neighbor and k-nearest neighbors is applied. Finally, the simulation results show the improvement of our theory compared with the methods of without clustering


Accurate Hybrid Method For Rapid Fault Detection, Classification And Location In Transmission Lines Using Wavelet Transform And Anns, Innovative Research Publications Irp India, Kamran Hosseini May 2015

Accurate Hybrid Method For Rapid Fault Detection, Classification And Location In Transmission Lines Using Wavelet Transform And Anns, Innovative Research Publications Irp India, Kamran Hosseini

Innovative Research Publications IRP India

The present paper presents an accurate hybrid framework capable to rapidly detect, classify & locate shortcircuit faults on transmission lines. The proposed algorithm has employed the values resulted from each three- phase currents wavelet transform in order to obtain instantaneous fault detection. Singling out short-circuit faults based on the measured voltage waveforms and three-phase current is done when fault events occur in power transmission lines. The energy derived from three-phase currents and three-phase voltages wavelet transform has been used as the classification algorithm input .Then fault location has been activated as the result of fault classification method. Combining the methods …


Add A New Input To Neural Network With Genetic Learning Algorithm To Improve Short-Term Load Forecasting, Innovative Research Publications Irp India, Vahideh Miryazdi, Mohammad Ghasemzadeh, Ali Mohammad Latif May 2015

Add A New Input To Neural Network With Genetic Learning Algorithm To Improve Short-Term Load Forecasting, Innovative Research Publications Irp India, Vahideh Miryazdi, Mohammad Ghasemzadeh, Ali Mohammad Latif

Innovative Research Publications IRP India

Short-term load forecasting (STLF) plays an essential role in the economic system and save the country's electricity supply. In this paper, are used a neural network with genetic learning algorithm for forecasting the electric power load of Khorasan area in Iran. Because the importance of neural network inputs, select the optimal inputs is deducted errors system. Consumption load is a nonlinear function of various factors such as weather conditions and periodic changes. This paper proposed a new variable together with the data load and temperature parameters for the problem of STLF. The variable obtained from the load curves and effect …


Laboratory And Full-Scale Simulations Of The Behaviour Of Reinforced Cement-Admixed Non-Plastic Soil For Deep Mixing Applications, Innovative Research Publications Irp India, Randy P. Asturias, Glen A. Lorenzo Apr 2015

Laboratory And Full-Scale Simulations Of The Behaviour Of Reinforced Cement-Admixed Non-Plastic Soil For Deep Mixing Applications, Innovative Research Publications Irp India, Randy P. Asturias, Glen A. Lorenzo

Innovative Research Publications IRP India

This paper proposes a new soil treatment method that employs reinforced deep mixing method (RDMM). In this method, the deep mixing pile is reinforced in a manner similar to a spirally reinforced concrete column. This paper aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of RDMM on improving the strength and deformation properties of a non-plastic soil. Four (4) experimental phases are conducted in this study and these are: 1) Physical property tests of the base soil, (2) Unconfined compressive strength (UCS) tests on unreinforced cementadmixed soil specimens, (3) Unconfined compressive strength tests on reinforced cement-admixed soil specimens, and (4) Construction and load …


Tehran Subway Tunnel Settlement Analysis By Using Analytical, Experimental And Numerical Methods (Case Study: Station Of Imam Ali University), Innovative Research Publications Irp India, Javad Sadeghi, Hadi Hamidian Shourmasti Apr 2015

Tehran Subway Tunnel Settlement Analysis By Using Analytical, Experimental And Numerical Methods (Case Study: Station Of Imam Ali University), Innovative Research Publications Irp India, Javad Sadeghi, Hadi Hamidian Shourmasti

Innovative Research Publications IRP India

In The recent decades, the use of underground spaces including tunnels, railway, subway, cavern, underground spaces and others had great growth. Geological and geotechnical site conditions vary in different projects, requires different design, calculation and implementation methods also requires that the past experience and scientific and technical principles consistently applied. In this article we have tried to use the method of analytical, numerical and experimental investigation of the subway tunnel subsidence station of Imam Ali university


Effect Of Change In Material And Production Process On Cycle Time, Production Rate, Cost And Impact Strength Of Plastic Product, Innovative Research Publications Irp India, Merchant Samir Y Apr 2015

Effect Of Change In Material And Production Process On Cycle Time, Production Rate, Cost And Impact Strength Of Plastic Product, Innovative Research Publications Irp India, Merchant Samir Y

Innovative Research Publications IRP India

Effect of material change of plastic product is investigated in this research paper. The parameter observed are waste recycle, impact property of product, aesthetic look, cycle time, production rate and cost of product. In this study it was found that by changing the material of product from thermoset plastic to thermoplast plastic and production process from compression molding to injection molding, the product becomes eco friendly because thermoplast material is recyclable. It was also found that impact strength and production rate/hour was also improved due to reduction in cycle time. The aesthetic look : smoothness of surface and glossy look …


Effect Of Fibre Blend Ratios On Yarn Properties, Innovative Research Publications Irp India, A. Ghosh, M. Raihan Apr 2015

Effect Of Fibre Blend Ratios On Yarn Properties, Innovative Research Publications Irp India, A. Ghosh, M. Raihan

Innovative Research Publications IRP India

Yarn properties can be altered through blending fibres. According to the requirement different properties can be achieved by different blending ratios. Among the different blends cotton and polyester, cotton and wool, wool and acrylic, cotton and nylon, jute and acrylic, cotton and rayon etc are common. Flax and polyester has been a popular blend now-adays and depicts excellent properties than their individual yarn properties. Different proportion of flax and polyester has been tested to observe the yarn properties and it is found that polyester was perfectly fits with low proportion of flax. Their blends with specific ratios exhibit excellent properties …


Impact Of Srs In Wdm Systems And Its Mitigation By Maximum Likelihood Sequence Detection, Innovative Research Publications Irp India, T. Sabapathi, G. Jaya Brindha Apr 2015

Impact Of Srs In Wdm Systems And Its Mitigation By Maximum Likelihood Sequence Detection, Innovative Research Publications Irp India, T. Sabapathi, G. Jaya Brindha

Innovative Research Publications IRP India

Non linear effects play a major role in hindering the progress of optical communication systems in terms of higher data rates and long haul transmissions. Maximum Likelihood Sequence Detection (MLSD) has been proposed to combat the nonlinear effects in optical channels. The main objective is to extract the original signal from the received signal which is distorted due to the non linear effects arising in the fiber. MLSD is an optimum detector as it uses the Viterbi detection through the Trellis structure. In this paper, the impact of SRS in the transmitted signal and its mitigation by MLSD are analyzed. …


Photonic Generation Of Higher Order Uwb Signals Using Optical Amplifiers, Innovative Research Publications Irp India, T. Sabapathi, I.Thanga Dharsni Apr 2015

Photonic Generation Of Higher Order Uwb Signals Using Optical Amplifiers, Innovative Research Publications Irp India, T. Sabapathi, I.Thanga Dharsni

Innovative Research Publications IRP India

Photonic generation of UWB signals is an emerging technique as it requires no complex optical-electrical or electrical-optical conversion. There are a number of techniques employed to generate lower order UWB signals photonically. But applications that uses UWB signals demands higher order wave. Also the generation scheme should consider optimum hardware utility and inturn the reconfigurability of the components used. Considering these criteria this paper analyses the techniques of generating UWB signals using optical amplifiers. Optical amplifiers that works based on the principal of spontaneous and stimulated emission has the inherent property of reconfigurability in response to the applied bias current …


Minimization Of Ir Drop Using Diagonal Power Routing Technique In Nanometer Era In Vlsi, Innovative Research Publications Irp India, Mlnacharyulu Haryulu, Dr.N.S. Murthysarma, R.K.Lal Kishore Apr 2015

Minimization Of Ir Drop Using Diagonal Power Routing Technique In Nanometer Era In Vlsi, Innovative Research Publications Irp India, Mlnacharyulu Haryulu, Dr.N.S. Murthysarma, R.K.Lal Kishore

Innovative Research Publications IRP India

One of the new technique which is notable for dealing problems such as high frequency effect due to inductance and capacitance in physical layout level other than existing of techniques. For most designs for the use of 45nm processing technology the analysis using a static approach is no longer sufficient and it becomes mandatory to analyse the actual variation of the supply voltage with respect to time for detecting chip failure conditions.In this paper we deal with the IR drop analysis of the Diagonal power grid and orthogonal power grid, comparison between the diagonal and orthogonal power grid. Full chip …


Structural Similarity Based Image Quality Assessment Using Full Reference Method, Innovative Research Publications Irp India, Suneet Betrabet, Chetan Kumar Bhogayta Apr 2015

Structural Similarity Based Image Quality Assessment Using Full Reference Method, Innovative Research Publications Irp India, Suneet Betrabet, Chetan Kumar Bhogayta

Innovative Research Publications IRP India

This paper presents an objective quality assessment for digital images that have been degraded by noise. Objective quality assessment is crucial and is generally used in image processing. The main objective of this paper is to analyse various statistical properties and their measurements and finally compare them. The statistical properties that are included are mean square error (MSE), root mean square error (RMSE), signal to noise ratio (SNRQ), peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) and certain frequency parameters like spectral magnitude distortions and spectral phase distortions. But it is observed that MSE and PSNR yield poor results therefore a new …


Strengthening And Evaluation Of Reinforced Concrete Beams For Flexure By Using External Steel Reinforcements, Innovative Research Publications Irp India, Akhtar Gul, Bashir Alam, Fayaz A Khan, Yasir Irfan Badrashi, Khan Shahzada Apr 2015

Strengthening And Evaluation Of Reinforced Concrete Beams For Flexure By Using External Steel Reinforcements, Innovative Research Publications Irp India, Akhtar Gul, Bashir Alam, Fayaz A Khan, Yasir Irfan Badrashi, Khan Shahzada

Innovative Research Publications IRP India

The most implementable and favorable technique, used for the flexural strengthening of reinforced concrete (RC) beams is the attachment of external steel members. Attachment of external steel sections or fiber reinforced polymers is considered as a common technique used for the enhancement of flexural capacity of the existing structural elements. To investigate and evaluate the flexural capacity of reinforced concrete beams, strengthened with external steel bars, a research study was carried out and is presented in this paper. Three reinforced concrete beams reinforced with minimum reinforcement ratio were constructed and tested. Two beams were strengthened by attaching external steel bars …