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Articles 331 - 340 of 340
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Accelerating Whole-Cell Biocatalysis By Enhancing Outer Membrane Permeability, Ye Ni
Accelerating Whole-Cell Biocatalysis By Enhancing Outer Membrane Permeability, Ye Ni
Theses and Dissertations
Whole-cell biocatalysts are preferred in many biocatalysis applications. However, cell envelope often represents a formidable permeability barrier. As a result, reactions catalyzed by whole-cells are reportedly orders of magnitude slower than those of by their free enzyme counterparts. The present research addresses this critical issue by using membrane engineering approaches. Two E. coli strains with genetically altered outer membrane structures were used in the study, a lipopolysaccarides (LPS) mutant SM101 and a Braun's lipoprotein mutant E609L. The effects of outer membrane mutation on the permeability of substrates differing substantially in size and hydrophobicity were investigated by combining the mutant cells …
Spin Polarized Transport In Nanoscale Devices, Sandipan Pramanik
Spin Polarized Transport In Nanoscale Devices, Sandipan Pramanik
Theses and Dissertations
The ultimate goal in the rapidly burgeoning field of spintronics is to realize semiconductor-based devices that utilize the spin degree of freedom of a single charge carrier (electron or hole) or an ensemble of such carriers to achieve novel and/or enhanced device functionalities such as spin based light emitting devices, spin transistors and femto-Tesla magnetic field sensors. These devices share a common feature: they all rely on controlled transport of spins in semiconductors. A prototypical spintronic device has a transistor-like configuration in which a semiconducting channel is sandwiched between two contacts (source and drain) with a gate electrode sitting on …
Scaffold Permeability As A Means To Determine Fiber Diameter And Pore Size Of Electrospun Fibrinogen, Scott Allen Sell
Scaffold Permeability As A Means To Determine Fiber Diameter And Pore Size Of Electrospun Fibrinogen, Scott Allen Sell
Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this study was to construct a flowmeter that could accurately measure the hydraulic permeability of electrospun fibrinogen scaffolds, providing insight into the transport properties of electrospun scaffolds while making the measurement of their topographical features (fiber and pore size) more accurate. Three different concentrations of fibrinogen were used (100, 120, and 150mg/ml) to create scaffolds with three different fiber diameters and pore sizes. The fiber diameters and pore sizes of the electrospun scaffolds were analyzed through scanning electron microscopy and image analysis software. The permeability of each scaffold was measured and used to calculate permeability-based fiber diameters …
Computational Modeling To Predict Mechanical Function Of Joints: Validations And Applications Of Lower Leg Simulations, Peter C. Liacouras
Computational Modeling To Predict Mechanical Function Of Joints: Validations And Applications Of Lower Leg Simulations, Peter C. Liacouras
Theses and Dissertations
Computational models of musculoskeletal joints and limbs can provide useful information about joint mechanics. Validated models can be used as a predictive device for understanding joint function and serve as a clinical tool for predicting the outcome of surgical procedures. A new computational modeling approach was developed for simulating joint kinematics that are dictated by bone/joint anatomy, ligamentous constraints, and applied loading.Three-dimensional computational models of the lower leg were created. Model development involved generating three-dimensional surfaces from CT images, followed by importing these surfaces into SolidWorks and COSMOSMotion. ThroughSolidWorks and COSMOSMotion, each bone surface was created into a solid object …
A Computational Study Of Axial Compressor Rotor Casing Treatments And Stator Land Seals, Charles C. Cates
A Computational Study Of Axial Compressor Rotor Casing Treatments And Stator Land Seals, Charles C. Cates
Theses and Dissertations
As fuel prices soar ever higher, aircraft manufacturers and their airline customers demand that the next generation of engines used on their aircraft push the limits of efficiency and capability. This study consists of a computational examination of two currently accepted methods of axial compressor performance improvement in terms of surge margin and efficiency, rotor casing treatments and stator land seals.ADPAC and Fluent CFD solvers were used in the analysis of circumferential groove casing treatments and two types of stator seals, one typical of a front stage stator and one typical of a rear stage stator. The computational solutions and …
Determination Of The Mechanical Properties Of Electrospun Gelatin Based On Polymer Concentration And Fiber Alignment, Leander Taylor Iii
Determination Of The Mechanical Properties Of Electrospun Gelatin Based On Polymer Concentration And Fiber Alignment, Leander Taylor Iii
Theses and Dissertations
The process of electrospinning has given the field of tissue engineering insight into many aspects of tissue engineered scaffolds, including how factors such as fiber diameter and porosity are affected by polymer concentration. However, the affects of fiber alignment upon the material properties of electrospun scaffolds remains unclear. The purpose of this study is to determine how the material properties of electrospun gelatin scaffolds are affected by changes in fiber alignment and starting gelatin concentration. Gelatin scaffolds, with starting concentrations of 80, 100, and 130mg/m1, were electrospun onto a target mandrel rotating at various speeds. Samples of each scaffold were …
Green Organic Solar Cells From A Water Soluble Polymer And Nancrystalline Tio2, Qiquan Qiao
Green Organic Solar Cells From A Water Soluble Polymer And Nancrystalline Tio2, Qiquan Qiao
Theses and Dissertations
The cost of the present generation of inorganic silicon solar cells is very high and further breakthroughs in cost and efficiency using traditional materials are becoming less and less likely after over 50 years of development. Next generation organic solar cells offer a solution to the limitations of silicon through the vision of low-cost, liquid-based, large area fabrication technology based on polymer and nanomaterials at room temperature. However, most polymers used in solar cells are dissolved in organic solvents such as xylene, toluene, chloroform, and chlorobenzene. Such solvents are harmful to people and environments, leading to higher costs due to …
Design And Validation Of A Full Contact Gait Simulator For The Cadaveric Lower Extremity, Joseph Michael Iaquinto
Design And Validation Of A Full Contact Gait Simulator For The Cadaveric Lower Extremity, Joseph Michael Iaquinto
Theses and Dissertations
The projects goal was to create a device to simulate full contact gait in the cadaveric lower extremity. The Contact Gait Simulation System loads specific muscles to recreate anatomical dorsi and plantar flexion of the ankle under axial loading. A system of pneumatic load generation was connected a LabVIEW virtual instrument (VI), which controlled the application of these loads. The loads were roughly based off literature cited EMG data, and further modified from feedback. In addition to controlling the load system, the VI also coordinates external sensor timing. Along with this simulator, software was developed specifically for analyzing pressure data …
Optical Characterization Of Electrochemically Self-Assembled Compound Semiconductor Nanowires, Sivakumar Ramanathan
Optical Characterization Of Electrochemically Self-Assembled Compound Semiconductor Nanowires, Sivakumar Ramanathan
Theses and Dissertations
Semiconductor nanowires have attracted considerable attention as possible source for lasers and optical storage media. We report the fabrication and optical characterization of ZnO and CdS nanowires. The former are produced by electrochemical deposition of Zn inside nanoporous alumina films containing regimented arrays of 10nm, 25nm and 50 nm diameter pores, followed by room temperature chemical oxidization. Fluorescence spectroscopy shows different characteristics associated with different sample diameter. The 50 nm ZnO nanowires show an exciton recombination peak and an additional peak related to the deep trap levels. 25 nm ZnO nanowires show a only the exciton recombination peak, which is …
Experimental Study Of The Entrainment Of Nanoparticles From Surfaces, Srirupa Ganguly
Experimental Study Of The Entrainment Of Nanoparticles From Surfaces, Srirupa Ganguly
Theses and Dissertations
The adhesion and resuspension of nanoparticles is important in applications ranging from semiconductor manufacturing to pollution management. The objective of this work is to understand the effect of particle size on re-entrainment of nanometer scale particles. One of the major contributions is to reduce the randomness introduced in past measurements on resuspension by controlling humidity, temperature, material and the distribution of shape and particle sizes. In the process of studying particle size, the effect of surface roughness was also found. Measurements of the detachment fraction of carbon particles as a function of flow rate show three distinct regimes that we …