Engineering Commons^™

Влияние На Окружающую Среду Технологии Непрерывного Литья, Marian Mazur, Marek Bogacki, Robert Oleniacz, Agnieszka Łopata

Robert Oleniacz

This article presents a complex analysis of the impact of the technology of continuous casting of steel (CCS) on the rate of the air pollutant emissions from one of the Polish steel and iron plants. The emission sources occurring in the production process have been identified and their rate has been determined. The implementation of CCS has brought about significant changes in the production cycle of the steel plant and it also has caused an increase of the production effectiveness of steel products. The calculated environment effects have shown a considerable emission decrease of all pollutants in the scale of …

Zmiany W Metodyce Modelowania Rozprzestrzeniania Się Zanieczyszczeń W Powietrzu Opartej Na Modelu Gaussa, Robert Oleniacz, Marek Bogacki

Robert Oleniacz

The paper presents the changes that have occurred in December 2002 in the Polish reference modeling methodology (based on the stationary Gaussian atmospheric dispersion model) used for the air quality impact assessment in Poland since the 60s of the 20th century. Discusses the changes that have occurred in the preparation of data for the simulation, the procedure used in shortened and full range of calculation, the algorithms of initial computations and the results of calculations.

English Title: Changes in the methodology of modeling the pollutant dispersion in the air based on the Gaussian model.

Comparison Between Analytical Probabilistic And Computer Simulation Models, Using Current Design Examples, Barry A. Palynchuk Phd

Barry A. Palynchuk PhD

Closed form analytical expressions have been developed to solve several basic problems related to the hydrologic design of storm water management facilities. The collection of these analytical expressions is referred to as the Analytical Probabilistic Storm Water Models (APSWM). APSWM can be used as an alternative to the design storm simulation models in the design and analysis of storm water management facilities. In this paper, a comparison is made between APSWM and design storm simulation models as applied to an actual design case. Conventional outputs such as runoff volume, peak discharge, and peak discharge from detention ponds are reviewed and …

Ocena Funkcjonowania Instalacji Oczyszczania Gazów Odlotowych Z Procesu Grafityzacji Elektrod Węglowych W Sgl Carbon S.A. W Nowym Sączu, Marian Mazur, Robert Oleniacz, Marek Bogacki, Przemysław Szczygłowski

Robert Oleniacz

The paper presents a general analysis of the suitability of individual elements of the flue-gas treatment system used in SGL Carbon SA in Nowy Sacz (Poland) for the graphitization process carried out in new LWG furnaces (Castner type). The flue-gas treatment system consisted of two installations: catalytic afterburning and flue-gas desulfurization. The analysis of the suitability of various methods of flue-gas treatment was based primarily on the assessment of the effects of their application, including the reduction of concentrations of selected components in post-graphitizing gases. The work also summarizes the results of evaluation of the functioning of the whole flue-gas …

Laboratory Measurements Of Differential Diffusion In A Diffusively Stable, Turbulent Flow, P. Ryan Jackson, Chris R. Rehmann

Chris R. Rehmann

Laboratory experiments were performed to determine the conditions under which differential diffusion occurs and to evaluate its effect on the mixing efficiency. Diffusively stable profiles of temperature and salinity were stirred steadily by horizontally oscillating vertical rods. The two-component stratification ensures that both scalars experience the same stratification and forcing, or Richardson and Reynolds numbers. The eddy diffusivities KT and KS, for temperature and salinity, were estimated by fitting theoretical solutions of diffusion equations to measured profiles, and the mixing efficiency was computed as the ratio of the potential energy change during a stirring interval to the work done in …

Network Security Risk Assessment Modeling Tools For Critical Infrastructure Assessment, George H. Baker, Samuel Redwine, Joseph Blandino

George H Baker

The James Madison University (JMU) CIPP research team is developing Network Security Risk Assessment Modeling (NSRAM) tools that will enable the assessment of both cyber and physical infrastructure security risks. The effort is driven by the need to predict and compute the probability of adverse effects stemming from system attacks and malfunctions, to understand their consequences, and to improve existing systems to minimize these consequences.

The tools are targeted at systems supporting critical infrastructures varying from individual systems to organization-wide systems, to systems covering entire geographical regions. Early work emphasizes computing systems, but systems sharing the network nature of computing …

Assessment Of Ecological Effects Of The Implementation Of Continuous Casting Of Steel, Marian Mazur, Marek Bogacki, Robert Oleniacz, Agnieszka Łopata

Robert Oleniacz

The article presents a complex analysis of the impact of the technology of continuous casting of steel (CCS) on the rate of the air pollutant emissions from one of the Polish steel and iron plants. The emission sources occurring in the production process have been identified and their rate has been determined. The implementation of CCS has brought about significant changes in the production cycle of the steel plant and it also has caused an increase of the production effectiveness of steel products. The calculated environment effects have shown a considerable emission decrease of all pollutants in the scale of …

Likwidacja Strefy Ochronnej Wokół Huty Katowice W Dąbrowie Górniczej, Marian Mazur, Robert Oleniacz, Marek Bogacki

Robert Oleniacz

The paper presents the history of the creation, management and liquidation of the protective zone around the Katowice Steelworks and Coke "Przyjaźń" (originally belonging to the "Katowice Steelworks") in Dąbrowa Górnicza (Poland). This zone was created in 1978 on the basis of the air quality impact assessment performed for the steelworks on the assumption steel production capacity of 9 million tons/year and planned production of coke at 3.3 million tons/year. These production volumes have never been achieved. In the 80's and 90's of the 20th century were conducted studies and calculations aimed to verify the nuisance of these plants on …

Spalanie Odpadów Chloroorganicznych Z Produkcji Chlorku Winylu Jako Źródło Emisji Zanieczyszczeń Powietrza, Robert Oleniacz

Robert Oleniacz

Production of vinyl chloride is a source of formation of significant gaseous, liquid and solid streams of chlorinated organic wastes containing up to 90 % of chlorine. One of the methods of chlorine recovery from the wastes is incineration. During the waste incineration chlorine released into the flue gases mainly in the form of hydrogen chloride (HCl). The article presents, among others, results of continuous and periodic measurement of concentrations of air pollutants in combustion gases emitted from one of the industrial installations for high-temperature incineration of chlorinated wastes, equipped with effective flue-gas treatment system and recovery of HCl. Data …

Termiczne Przekształcanie Odpadów Medycznych W Instalacji Fluidalnej Firmy Seghers – Emisja Zanieczyszczeń Gazowych I Możliwości Jej Ograniczenia, Robert Oleniacz

Robert Oleniacz

The paper presents the results of measurements of concentrations and mass streams of selected components in the flue gases from the thermal treatment of medical waste in the Seghers incinerator based on fluidized bed reactor.

The tests were carried out at the measuring points located both before and after of the flue-gas cleaning system based on the injection of dry hydrated lime and carbon sorbent and a ceramic filter. In this way it was possible to determine the effectiveness of the removal of selected air pollutants in the dry cleaning system. Analysis of the results of measurements made ​​it possible …

Dissolution Of Entrapped Dnapls In Variable Aperture Fractures: Experimental Data And Empirical Model, Sarah E. Dickson, Neil R. Thomson

Sarah E Dickson

An appreciation of the dissolution from entrapped nonaqueous phase liquids (NAPLs) in fractures is essential as we attempt to understand and predict the fate of NAPLs present in fractured rock systems. Eight long-term dissolution experiments using 1,1,1-trichloroethane and trichloroethylene were conducted in two laboratory-scale dolomitic limestone variable aperture fractures under various conditions. Between 560 and 2600 fracture volumes of water were passed through the fractures resulting in the removal of 10−60% of the initial mass trapped. The effluent concentration profiles revealed three distinct and characteristic stages of dissolution:  an initial pseudosteady stage, a transient stage, and a tailing stage. On …

Emission And Odour Control In Kraft Pulp Mills, João F. Gomes

João F Gomes

This paper describes systematic work done in the field of atmospheric emissions from Portuguese Kraft pulp mills, focused mainly on the gaseous emissions responsible for its characteristic odour. These mal-odorous gases, which were identified as hydrogen sulphide, methyl mercaptan, deimethyl mercaptan and dimethyl-disulphide, were experimentally quantified and classified into groups so that alternatives for abatement could be devised. The considered abatement techniques were evaluated economically and it was concluded that the costs to be incurred by pulp mills for an efficient abatement of TRS gases are not dramatic and could be easily covered by this industry, resulting in an evident …

Kinematic Effects Of Differential Transport On Mixing Efficiency In A Diffusively Stable, Turbulent Flow, P. Ryan Jackson, Chris R. Rehmann

Chris R. Rehmann

If temperature and salinity are mixed at different rates, the mixing efficiencies in flows with the same stratification and forcing can vary if the contributions of temperature and salinity to the density differ. Two models are used to examine the effect of differential transport of salt and heat on the mixing efficiency. The first model assumes constant eddy diffusivities for heat and salt and examines the effect of the density ratio Rρ = αΔT/βΔS and the diffusivity ratio d = KS/KT on the mixing efficiency. The model predicts that the effect of differential transport can be as large as that …

2dsim: A Prototype Of Nanoscopic Traffic Simulation, Daiheng Ni

Daiheng Ni

This paper reviews and compares car-following and lane- changing logics embedded in some microscopic traffic simulation models, and comments are made on the existing techniques of traffic simulation. Future directions of traffic simulation are identified in three aspects: vehicle modeling, driver modeling, and vehicle movement modeling. To illustrate these ideas, a conceptual model, 2DSIM, is proposed, which consists of a dynamic vehicle sub-model and an intelligent driver sub-model. They are further integrated into a driver-vehicle-environment closed-loop system which constitutes the basic building block of road traffic.

Simulation Of Freeway Merging And Diverging Behavior, Daiheng Ni, John D. Leonard

Daiheng Ni

Simplified theory of kinematic waves was proposed by Newell and uses cumulative arrival and departure counts to describe kinematic waves of freeway traffic. The original paper deals only with traffic on freeway mainline. It is of great interest, at least practically, to investigate whether the simplified theory can be used to simulate freeway traffic merging and diverging behavior. In his paper, Newell as- sumed that on-ramp traffic always has the priority and can bypass queues, if any. This assumption will be released so that traffic from the mainline and the on-ramp will have to compete for downstream supply. For off-ramps, …