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Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Runoff And Erosion Following Field Application Of Beef Cattle Manure And Compost, John E. Gilley, Bahman Eghball
Runoff And Erosion Following Field Application Of Beef Cattle Manure And Compost, John E. Gilley, Bahman Eghball
Biological Systems Engineering: Papers and Publications
Manure or compost from beef cattle feedlots can be excellent sources of nutrients and organic matter when added to soils. This study was conducted to determine the effect of a single application of manure and compost on runoff and erosion under no-till and tillage conditions. Tillage consisted of a single disking operation up and down the slope on a Sharpsburg soil which was cropped to grain sorghum or wheat the previous season. Manure and compost were applied at rates required to meet corn fertility requirements. Additional experimental treatments included the application of inorganic fertilizer and an untreated check. The addition …
Design Of Tapered Augers For Uniform Unloading Particulate Material From Rectangular Cross-Section Containers, M. S. Burr, Michael F. Kocher, David D. Jones
Design Of Tapered Augers For Uniform Unloading Particulate Material From Rectangular Cross-Section Containers, M. S. Burr, Michael F. Kocher, David D. Jones
Biological Systems Engineering: Papers and Publications
The design equation for an auger to provide uniform unloading of particulate material from a container with a rectangular cross-section (Jones and Kocher, 1995) was revised to account for the minimum flighting height that could effectively unload particles with a known average smallest diameter. A minimum flighting height that was about 64% of the average smallest diameter of the particles was experimentally determined to obtain mean slopes of the top surface of the material not significantly different from zero for screened soybeans. A linear taper that best fit the square root curve for the inside diameter of the auger was …
Binder Containing Plant Protein And Densified Refuse Fuel Cubes Made Using Same And Methods Of Making Them, Jerry D. Eastin, David Jones, Darin Dux, Harold Earl Egger
Binder Containing Plant Protein And Densified Refuse Fuel Cubes Made Using Same And Methods Of Making Them, Jerry D. Eastin, David Jones, Darin Dux, Harold Earl Egger
Biological Systems Engineering: Papers and Publications
To form a binder from naturally occurring products or a fuel brick or pellet using the binder without extraction or purification steps, the binder utilizes proteins from the germ or endosperm of cereal grasses or from the seed of buckwheat, oil seed plants, Amaranthus or leguminous plants or from leaves or from grain stillage. The protein has a thermoplastic microstructure with linear polymers of molecular weight of at least 2,000 linked with peptide linkages of at least 50 in number. The binder is mixed with waste such as municipal waste without further processing and processed in a pelleting machine.
Relationships Among Grain Sorghum Quality Factors, Roberto A. Buffo, Curtis L. Weller, Anne M. Parkhurst
Relationships Among Grain Sorghum Quality Factors, Roberto A. Buffo, Curtis L. Weller, Anne M. Parkhurst
Biological Systems Engineering: Papers and Publications
Correlations among grain sorghum quality factors (proximate composition, physical properties, and water absorption properties) were evaluated. Samples of 46 commercial hybrids (24 and 22 from crop years 1993 and 1994) were analyzed for starch, protein, crude free fat, test weight, absolute density, 1,000 kernel weight, percent kernel abraded, water absorption index, initial water absorption rate, and moisture saturation point. Test weight, absolute density, and percent kernel abraded were positively correlated among themselves (r > 0.5). Protein was negatively correlated with both test weight and absolute density (r < -0.5), while moisture saturation point showed negative correlations with test weight, absolute density, 1,000 kernel weight, and percent kernel abraded (r < -0.4). Principal component factor analysis through the covariance matrix explained 95% of the total variation of quality factors among hybrids (two factors), and, through the correlation matrix, 85% of the total variation (five factors). Water absorption rate decreased with increasing starch content of grain sorghum kernels as water absorption rate increased and amount of water for saturation decreased with softening of kernels.
Matrix-Enhanced Calibration Procedure For Multivariate Calibration Models With Near-Infrared Spectra, Mark R. Riley, Mark A. Arnold, David W. Murhammer
Matrix-Enhanced Calibration Procedure For Multivariate Calibration Models With Near-Infrared Spectra, Mark R. Riley, Mark A. Arnold, David W. Murhammer
Biological Systems Engineering: Papers and Publications
A novel method is introduced for developing calibration models for the spectroscopic measurement of chemical concentrations in an aqueous environment. To demonstrate this matrix-enhanced calibration procedure, we developed calibration models to quantitate glucose and glutamine concentrations in an insect cell culture medium that is a complex mixture of more than 20 components, with three components that manifest significant concentration changes. Accurate calibration models were generated for glucose and glutamine by using a calibration data set composed of 60 samples containing the analytes dissolved in an aqueous buffer along with as few as two samples of the analytes dissolved in culture …
Opto-Electronic Sensor System For Rapid Evaluation Of Planter Seed Spacing Uniformity, Michael F. Kocher, Yubin Lan, Changhe Chen, John A. Smith
Opto-Electronic Sensor System For Rapid Evaluation Of Planter Seed Spacing Uniformity, Michael F. Kocher, Yubin Lan, Changhe Chen, John A. Smith
Biological Systems Engineering: Papers and Publications
An opto-electronic seed spacing evaluation system that measured time intervals between seeds and detected front-to-back location of seed drop events relative to the planter was used to rapidly determine planter seed spacing uniformity in the laboratory. The seed detection sensor for the opto-electronic system consisted of a rectangular photogate with 24 phototransistors receiving light beams from 24 LEDs opposite to them. The system also included circuitry to interface the photogate with a digital I/O board in a personal computer. The opto-electronic system was tested with three planter configurations. During the tests, the photogate was positioned beneath the seed drop tube …