Engineering Commons^™

Method Of Predicting Cut-Time Of Milk Coagulum In Cheese-Making Process, Frederick A. Payne, Clair L. Hicks

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Patents

An apparatus for predicting milk coagulum cut-time in a cheese making process includes a light source, a sensor or detector for sensing diffuse reflectance of light from said milk and a controller for analyzing the diffuse reflectance and accurately predicting the cut-time to significantly enhance overall yield. More specifically, the apparatus includes an optical probe which may be suspended over the milk or attached to a wall of a fermentation vessel in which the milk is contained. A method for predicting milk coagulum cut-time includes the steps of (a) directing light from a light source toward milk undergoing enzymatic hydrolysis; …

Active Vibration Control Device, Keith E. Rouch, Sanjiv Tewani, Bruce L. Walcott, Ted R. Massa, Robert W. Stephenson, L. Scott Stephens

Mechanical Engineering Faculty Patents

An active vibration control device for controlling vibration in a cantilevered member and a method for the same are disclosed. The device is comprised of a cantilevered member having a longitudinal axis comprising a sensor mounted near the free end of the member to measure motion of the member in a transverse direction and to produce a corresponding signal. A force generating assembly is mounted to the member near the free end to oppose the measured motion with a force thereby minimizing subsequent motion along the transverse axis caused by vibration.

Construction Of Highway Base And Subbase Layers Containing Residue From An Atmospheric Fluidized Bed Combustion Process, David Q. Hunsucker, R. Clark Graves

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

This report summarizes findings of laboratory and construction evaluations of using residue from an atmospheric fluidized bed combustion (AFBC) process as a component in an experimental road base and subbase application. The base mixture contains pulverized fuel ash, AFBC residue, and limestone aggregates used as bulk filler. The subbase mixture contains AFBC residue and pond ash (ponded fly ash and bottom ash). Mixtures containing various proportions of each component were evaluated in the laboratory relative to maximum dry density, optimum moisture content, and compressive strength development.

Two 750-foot test sections of a 22-foot wide roadway, containing the experimental mixtures, were …

Cost Effective Maintenance Contracting, Bobby W. Meade, David Q. Hunsucker

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

Increased emphasis on highway maintenance and the need to accomplish the maintenance programs as efficiently as possible, prompted this study. The objectives of the study addressed herein are the identification of maintenance activities performed by contract, determination of equivalent levels of service between contract performed and in-house performed activities, cost comparison of those activities, and recommendations to implement the findings.

Findings are that activities routinely performed by contract are cost efficient. A formal make-versus-buy decision making process should be developed. The process should be made available to District personnel and the make-versus-buy decision made at that level. Decision making processes …

Use Of High-Energy Radiation For Degradation Of Environmental Pollutants, Robert D. Guthrie, Manjiri Patwardhan

KWRRI Research Reports

The purpose of this project was to explore the advantages and/or limitations of high-energy radiation treatment as a method for degrading organic pollutants, particularly aryl halides, in an aqueous medium. We have done analyses of ⁶⁰Co-irradiated samples and kinetic studies using pulsed electron beams. For aryl halides containing no more than two fused rings, the main products detected are those of simple halogen replacement by hydrogen, although the amount of aryl halide destroyed was always greater than the total amount of products detected. To accomplish halogen replacement by H, the reaction solvent may not be pure water but must …

Appendix: List Of Participants [1992], Kentucky Transportation Center

Kentucky's Annual Forum on Transportation

No abstract provided.

Transportation Of The Future And The Future Of Transportation, Lee T. Todd Jr.

Kentucky's Annual Forum on Transportation

No abstract provided.

Transportation Of The Future And The Future Of Transportation, John A. Deacon

Kentucky's Annual Forum on Transportation

No abstract provided.

Intermodalism: What It Is And How It Works. Transamerica Transportation Corridor Transportation Options For The Twenty-First Century, James L. Covil

Kentucky's Annual Forum on Transportation

No abstract provided.

Intermodalism: What It Is And How It Works. Intermodal Transportation: Past, Present, And Future, Benjamin J. Allen

Kentucky's Annual Forum on Transportation

No abstract provided.

Transportation: We Shape It And It Shapes Us, J. M. Yowell

Kentucky's Annual Forum on Transportation

No abstract provided.

Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act (Istea): A New Way Of Doing Business, James Q. Duane

Kentucky's Annual Forum on Transportation

No abstract provided.

Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act (Istea): A New Way Of Doing Business, Roland J. Mross

Kentucky's Annual Forum on Transportation

No abstract provided.

Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act (Istea): A New Way Of Doing Business, Douglas B. Ham

Kentucky's Annual Forum on Transportation

No abstract provided.

Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act (Istea): A New Way Of Doing Business, Eugene R. Mccormick

Kentucky's Annual Forum on Transportation

No abstract provided.

Understanding Transportation In The Commonwealth: How Decisions Of The Past Affect Us Today: Kentucky Overview, Calvin G. Grayson

Kentucky's Annual Forum on Transportation

No abstract provided.

Understanding Transportation In The Commonwealth: How Decisions Of The Past Affect Us Today: Industry Overview, James M. Wiseman

Kentucky's Annual Forum on Transportation

No abstract provided.

Understanding Transportation In The Commonwealth: How Decisions Of The Past Affect Us Today: National Overview, Lester P. Lamm

Kentucky's Annual Forum on Transportation

No abstract provided.

History Of Transportation In The Commonwealth, Ned Breathitt

Kentucky's Annual Forum on Transportation

No abstract provided.

Kentucky Transportation Hall Of Fame [1992], Kentucky Transportation Center

Kentucky's Annual Forum on Transportation

No abstract provided.

Field Calibration Of A Transient Model For Broiler Misting, Richard S. Gates, Douglas G. Overhults, Robert W. Bottcher, Shu Hui Zhang

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

A transient model to predict temperature within a tunnel ventilated broiler house during misting is developed. The model is calibrated with field data to obtain steady-state constants; transient predictions are compared to measured temperatures during cyclic misting for two different size birds. Measured temperatures during cyclic misting are shown to swing between steady-state asymptotes predicted from the model. Transient response of the model was faster than measured temperature data, in part due to temperature sensor dynamic response. The model predicts the length-wise temperature profile within the building during misting, and can be used to investigate alternate misting strategies and designs. …

Analysis Of Traffic Accident Data In Kentucky (1987-1991), Kenneth R. Agent, Jerry G. Pigman

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

This report includes an analysis of traffic accident data in Kentucky tor the years of 1987-1991. A primary objective of this study was to determine average accident statistics for Kentucky highways. Average and critical number and rates of accidents were calculated for various types of highways in rural and urban areas. These data can be used in Kentucky's procedure to identify locations that have abnormal rates or numbers of accidents.

Another objective of this study was to provide data which can be used in the preparation of the problem identification portion of Kentucky's Annual Highway Safety Plan. County and city …

1992 Safety Belt Usage Survey And Evaluation Of Effectiveness In Kentucky, Kenneth R. Agent

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

The objective of the survey was to establish 1992 safety belt and child safety seat usage rates in Kentucky. Data were collected at 100 sites and combined based on vehicle miles travelled for a given type of highway, rural or urban location, and county population category. Also included in this report is an analysis of accident records evaluating the effectiveness of safety belts.

Statewide usage rates were 41 percent for drivers and front-seat passengers (over 19 years of age) and 62 percent for children under four years of age (front and rear seats). Driver usage rates increased in 1992 compared …

Performance Of A Modified Turned-Down Guardrail End Treatment In Traffic Accidents, Kenneth R. Agent, Jerry G. Pigman

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

The objective of this study was to report the results of the continued monitoring of the performance of the modified turned-down guardrail end treatment (Type 7) in traffic accidents. Data for a total of 67 accidents involving the modified turned-down guardrail end treatment were identified. Performance was classified as proper in 51 of the 61 accidents (84 percent) in which it was determined. In the majority of the accidents in which proper performance occurred, the vehicle either traveled onto the top at the guardrail beyond the breakaway section or broke through the breakaway posts and proceeded behind the guardrail.

The …

Youth Needs And Assessment Survey, Kenneth R. Agent, Jerry G. Pigman

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

The characteristics of traffic accidents involving teenage (16 to 19 years of age) drivers are summarized in this report and compared to all accidents. This was accomplished through an analysis of statewide accident data for a three-year period (1989 through 1991). Counties having the highest overrepresentation of accidents involving teenage drivers were identified. The status of highway safety programs currently in place in school districts in Kentucky is presented. A survey was sent to 182 school districts in Kentucky with a 64 percent response rate obtained. Relevant literature was reviewed, and summary statements are given in the Appendix. This summary …

Design And Performance Of A Bituminous Surface Mixture Containing Bottom Ash Aggregate, David Q. Hunsucker

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

A one-mile experimental bituminous surface overlay was placed in October 1987 on State Route 3 in Lawrence County, Kentucky. The experimental section utilized bottom ash aggregate from the Kentucky Power Company's Big Sandy Power Plant, near Louisa, Kentucky. Bottom ashes are generally angular and have very porous surfaces. Approximately 539 tons of the experimental bituminous surface material, containing 40 percent bottom ash (dry weight), were placed. Reported herein are results of laboratory tests and performance evaluations of the experimental surface mixture.

Performance of the experimental bottom ash surface has been excellent. Skid resistance tests indicate the surface is highly skid …

Mechanical Backup Systems For Electronic Environmental Controllers, Richard S. Gates, Douglas G. Overhults, Larry W. Turner

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

A series of mechanical backup systems for electronic environmental controllers is presented for a typical finishing swine barn and a typical tunnel ventilated broiler house. The systems consist of mechanical thermostats and timers used in parallel with the electronic controller, designed to ensure animal survival in the event of controller or related hardware failure. For swine housing, three distinct mechanical backup functions are identified; for broiler housing, four distinct mechanical backup functions are identified. Schematic diagrams of the mechanical backup functions are provided and their implementation is described.

Laboratory And Field Evaluations And Correlations Of Properties Of Pavement Components, David L. Allen, R. Clark Graves, L. John Fleckenstein

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

This report documents the selection and sampling of 21 long-term pavement performance testing sites. Seven of those sites were also chosen to be a part of the LTPP portion of the Strategic Highway Research Program (SHRP). All sites were sampled in accordance with SHRP protocol and procedures.

The report includes three years of visual distress data and pavement deflection data obtained by a Road Rater. There were wide variabilities in backcalculated subgrade moduli and asphaltic concrete moduli within each 500-foot test section.

Laboratory resilient modulus tests were performed on undisturbed samples of the subgrade and asphaltic concrete cores. Again, there …

Experimental Road Base Construction Utilizing Atmospheric Fluidized Bed Combustion Residue, David Q. Hunsucker, R. Clark Graves

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

This report summarizes findings of laboratory and field trial evaluations of two experimental test sections constructed adjacent to one another. One experimental section contained a mixture of pulverized fuel ash, residue from an atmospheric fluidized bed combustion process, and limestone aggregate. The second section contained a similar mixture but included a small amount of Type Ill cement. Both experimental sections were constructed to a total nominal thickness of nine inches. The typical design section included six inches of the experimental mixtures, used as base materials, beneath three inches asphaltic concrete. A previous report documented construction of the test sections and …

Summary Of Results Of 1991 Field And Laboratory Evaluations Of Pavement Marking Materials, Kentucky Transportation Center

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

This report summarizes the results of data collected as part of the 1991 field and laboratory evaluations of pavement marking materials for the SASHTO Regional Test Facility.The purpose of the Regional Test Facility (RTF) is to minimize the amount of field and laboratory research testing of specific types of materials. This is accomplished by combining efforts in an organized manner to reduce the monetary and man-hour requirements of both the states and industry. A RTF for the twelve SASHTO states was approved at the 1988 SASHTO convention. The twelve SASHTO states are Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, North …