Engineering Commons^™

Production Of Anhydrous 1,4-Dioxane, Jean Yamanis

Chemical and Materials Engineering Faculty Patents

This invention relates to the production of anhydrous 1,4-dioxane by the dimerization of ethylene oxide in the presence of an acidic type of cation exchanger, preferably an acidic cation exchanger resin having sulfonic acid groups associated therewith. The 1,4-dioxane is formed by contacting ethylene oxide in the liquid phase with an acidic-type cation exchanger at a first temperature and for a time sufficient to yield a reaction product of the ethylene oxide and the cation exchanger, and thereafter heating the reaction product at a second temperature higher than the first temperature and for a time period sufficient to dissociate the …

Speciation Of Cr (Iii) And Cr (Vi) Via Reversed Phase Hplc With Inductively Coupled Plasma Emission Spectroscopic Detection (Hplc-Icp)24, Richard N. Savage, I. S. Krull, D. Bushee, R. G. Schleicher, S. B. Smith, Jr.

Materials Engineering

Chromium ions, viz., chromic (Cr⁺³ = III) and chromate (Cr⁺⁶ = VI), can be reliably, conveniently, reproducibly, and quickly separated and detected by the use of conventional paired-ion, reversed phase (RP) high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) together with refractive index (RI) and/or inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopic (ICP) detection. A number of novel paired-ion approaches have now been developed, using PIC A (tetrabutylammonium hydroxide) or PIC B (sodium n-alkyl sulfonate) separately in the mobile phase. This allows for the retention of each Cr species depending on the particular ion pairing reagent being used, while the remaining Cr ion …

Nonlinear Anelasticity Of Magnesium, Alexander Aning, Tetsuro Suzuki, Manfred Wuttig

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

An approximate solution of the equation of motion of a nonlinear anelastic reed at or near resonance is presented. The steady state solution reproduces the well-known nonlinear resonances. The solution also predicts the existence of auto modulations, i.e., self-excited modulations of the amplitude and phase at constant power of excitation of the reed. Numerical examples of such auto modulations are presented for an antisymmetric deformation potential. Experimental studies of finite amplitude oscillations of a magnesium reed vibrating at 72 and 431 Hz at room temperature confirm the existence of auto modulations. The experimental results can be semi quantitatively described in …

Structural Members Comprised Of Composite Wood Material And Having Zones Of Diverse Density, Anders E. Lund, Gordan P. Krueger

Michigan Tech Patents

The disclosed invention includes an improved construction of structural members such as railroad crossties, highway spin posts and highway guard posts and to construction of said members from composite wood material including elongated wood flakes and to a method for making such improved structures.

Density‐Functional Theory For The Solid Alkali Cyanides, Richard Alan Lesar, R. G. Gordon

Richard Alan Lesar

Structural properties of the solid alkali cyanides were studied with a recently reported a b i n i t i otheory based on the Gordon–Kim electron gas model. The low temperature crystal structures of LiCN, NaCN, KCN, RbCN, and CsCN were examined. The average error in lattice parameters is 2.6% and in lattice dissociation energy 1.7%. For the NaCN and KCN systems, the energy differences between the ferroelectric and antiferroelectricstructures were examined and the antiferroelectricstructure was found to be more stable at zero temperature by about 0.5–0.8 kcal/mol. The high pressure phases of KCN were studied and the phase diagram …

24th Rocky Mountain Conference

Rocky Mountain Conference on Magnetic Resonance

Abstracts and meeting program from the 24th annual meeting of the Rocky Mountain Conference, co-sponsored by the Rocky Mountain Section of the Society for Applied Spectroscopy and the Rocky Mountain Chromatography Discussion Group. Held in Denver, Colorado, August 1-5, 1982.

Accelerated Curing Test Of Cement, Amr Ali Ibrahim

Archived Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Pressure Dissociation Of Solid Nitrogen Under 1 Mbar, A. K. Mcmahan, Richard Alan Lesar

Richard Alan Lesar

The zero-temperature transition pressure from molecular to monatomic nitrogen is predicted to be less than about 1 Mbar, and should be observable in diamond-anvil cells. This estimate is obtained from total-energy calculations in which compressed molecular nitrogen is found to dissociate into a simple cubic monatomic structure, slight distortions of which are common to other group-V elements. The calculated 35% volume change raises the possibility of a large barrier to dissociation and extensive regions of metastability.

Closed Water Systems On Paper And Board Machines Using The Dysco Simulation Program, Stephen Robert Tremont

Masters Theses

This study was conducted to determine the accuracy of the DYSCO simulation program in simulating the open and closed water system on the pilot fourdrinier paper machine located in the Department of Paper Science and Engineering at Western Michigan University. The pilot machine was run at a maximum speed of 76 meters (250 feet) per minute without the press and drier sections, as well as slower speeds of 61 and 46 meters per minute. Retention data were obtained for fiber, titanium dioxide, and water at the three speeds. Upon entering these data along with stream inputs into the DYSCO simulator, …

Factors Influencing The Production Rate And Quality Of Lead Sinter, John R. Knoepke, Hung Yang Tsai, Arthur E. Morris

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The sintering characteristics of a typical Missouri lead concentrate were determined for two types of raw sinter mix: conventionally prepared and pelletized. The important sintering characteristics are sulfur elimination, sinter strength, production rate of sinter, permeability of the sinter bed, and bed temperature. These characteristics were analyzed statistically, and are described by an empirical model, in which proportion of returns, moisture content, air flow, bed height, size distribution of returns, and ignition time are the independent variables. The characteristics of a conventionally prepared sinter mix are most strongly affected by the moisture content of the raw mix. The characteristics of …

Metal Cation/Anion Speciation Via Paired-Ion, Reversed Phase Hplc With Refractive Index And/Or Inductively Coupled Plasma Emission Spectroscopic Detection Methods, Richard N. Savage, D. Bushee, I. S. Krull, S. B. Smith, Jr.

Materials Engineering

Conventional high performance liquid chromatography instrumentation and packing materials can be inexpensively and rapidly utilized for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of various metal cations or anions. The final approaches utilize reversed phase HPLC in the form of paired-ion separations. The detection of individually eluted, fully resolved metal cations or anions is possible via conventional refractive index or inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopic detection. In many cases, unresolved mixtures of metal cations, eluted as a single peak on HPLC, can be resolved and identified via the use of ICP detection. Both metal cations and anions can be easily resolved, according …

Stability And Properties Of Products Made From Splat Cooled Aluminium Base Alloys, Soheir Ahmed Azab

Archived Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Plastic Deformation And Fracture Of Binary And Ternary Aluminum Alloys Under Compressive Loading, Samir Mokhtar Biblawi

Archived Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Measurement Of Neck Development In Tensile Testing Using Projection Moire, Raghavan Srinivasan, C. S. Hartley, C. Raju, J. Clave

Mechanical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications

The projection moire technique affords an accurate method of measuring the geometry of the necked region in a tensile specimen. Corrections to the measured stress, necessary to account for the triaxiality introduced by the neck, require values for the radius of curvature of the specimen at the minimum section. The spacing of fringes resulting from the interference between a grating projected on the specimen surface and a master grating not only provide information which permits calculation of the radius but also demonstrates any changes in symmetry resulting from plastic deformation. Results obtained by testing specimens of copper and mild steel …

Seeded Oscillatory Growth Of Si Over Sio² By Cw Laser Irradiation, G.K. Celler, L. E. Trimble, K.K. Ng, H.J. Leamy, H. Baumgart

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

Extensive seeded epitaxial growth of crystalline Si over SiO₂ was achieved by an oscillatory regrowth method applied to rectangular Si pads recessed into a thick SiO₂ film. Narrow (≃5 μm) via holes linked the pads with the bulk (100) Si substrate. Oriented single crystals propagated as far as 500 μm from the seeding area, following the long term advance of a scanned focused laser beam.

Glass Surfaces Then And Now, Norbert J. Kreidl

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A reservoir of efficient instrumentation capable of detailed and quantitative exploration of glass surface features is now available in the face of the recognition of their crucial importance for both surface and bulk properties as well as performance. Yet it may be instructive to glance at what had been learned about glass surfaces by investigators before the advent of these intricate tools. Among such earlier findings are the recognition of the altered composition and structure of the surface layer, the extension of this disturbance to considerable depth, the effect of surface structure on adsorption, adhesion, wetting, finishing, etc. and on …

Galling Characteristics Of Aluminum Alloys, Magdy Mohamed Hussein Ahmed Shoukry

Archived Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Drawing Characteristics Of Electrogalvanized Steel Wires., Chi-Yuan Tsao

Masters Theses

"As a means of investigating the often adverse drawing behavior of electrogalvanized steel wire, drawing experiments were conducted on a variety of industrially-supplied and laboratory-prepared electroplated steel wires. Back-flow and shaving appeared to be the mechanisms by which sizeable zinc losses occurred. Performance during drawing and the quality of the product depended upon both the characteristics of the plating and the drawing process variables. Grain size, grain texture, and surface 'flatness' can affect the required drawing force, surface finish and level of zinc retention. Low die angles and large reductions offered greatest efficiencies with minimum zinc loss"--Abstract p. ii

The Influence Of Manganese Oxide On Sintering Of A Commercial Natural Magnesite., Alamar Kasan Duarte

Masters Theses

"Sintering studies on a commercial natural magnesite have been done to investigate the influence of MnO doping (MnO concentration from 0.16 to 2.50 wt.%) on the densification process over the temperature range 1520 to 1760°C , over periods of time from 3,600 to 57,600s in both oxidizing and reducing atmospheres (Air and P_O2 = 10^-7 KPa. In an air atmosphere the additions of MnO enhances the densification process. This fact may be associated with an increase in lattice diffusion of Mg ions due to an increase in cation vacancies in the MgO lattice from the presence of …

Sessile Drop Studies Of Gallium On Alumina, Timothy John Snyder

Masters Theses

"The liquid-vapor and solid-vapor interfacial energies of the system Ga-Al₂O₃ were determined by the sessile drop technique. The interfacial energies were found to decrease with increasing temperature and P₀₂.

A maximum liquid-vapor interfacial energy of 581 ergs/cm² was found for a clean sessile drop at 1227°C. Values for Γ₀, the excess concentration of oxygen, were calculated for both the liquid-vapor and solid-liquid interfaces. The work of adhesion between molten Ga and Al₂O₃ was found to increase with decreasing P₀₂ with a maximum of 576 ergs/cm² occurring …

Effects Of Varying Oxygen Partial Pressure On Molten Silicon-Ceramic Substrate Interactions, And Oxygen Partial Pressure Measurements Of Silicon Sheet Production Facilities, P. D. Ownby, Harold V. Romero

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

No abstract provided.

Measurement Of The Wear Properties Of Metallic Solids With A Falex Lubricant Testing Machine, Edward Boyd Hale, Chun-Ping John Meng, Ronald A. Kohser

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

A modified Falex Lubricant Testing Machine has been used to determine wear properties of metallic solids. In particular, wear mass loss, wear volume loss, wear rates, and other parameters have been determined for a basic steel, as heat treated and after ion implantation. Wear rate improvements of more than an order of magnitude were found in a nickel-chrome steel (SAE 3135) implanted with 2.5x10¹⁷ N⁺₂/cm². Wear tests were conducted with a cylinder-in-groove geometry in a mild lubricating oil with loads greater than 540 N, which corresponded to pressures which exceeded 10⁸N/m^{2 …}

Anomalous Diffusion Of Carbon In A 70/30 Iron-Nickel Alloy, L. R. Chapman, D. A. Powers, Manfred Wuttig

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

No abstract provided.

Phaseautomodulation In Magnesium, Alexander Aning, Tetsuro Suzuki, Manfred Wuttig

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

No abstract provided.

Chemical Corrosion Of Ag Films On Glass, Hyun Soo Park

Doctoral Dissertations

"The chemical corrosion of chemically, vacuum and sputter deposited Ag films on an aluminoborosilicate and a soda lime glass was investigated in wet HCl and saturated water vapor as a function of concentration, temperature and time. The higher corrosion resistance of chemically deposited Ag films in comparison to evaporated or sputtered Ag films is attributed to their lower microvoid density and higher adhesion strength. Ag films on the more chemically durable aluminoborosilicate glass had a higher corrosion resistance. Furthermore, films which received a moderate thermal annealing (80 to 140° C) or were deposited on a glass surface washed with HN0 …