Engineering Commons^™

Nanozyme-Based Sensing Of Dopamine Using Cobalt-Doped Hydroxyapatite Nanocomposite From Waste Bones, Umar Nishan, Nighat Jabeen, Amir Badshah, Nawshad Muhammad, Mohibullah Shah, Irfan Ullah, Saifullah Afridi, Jibran Iqbal, Muhammad Asad, Riaz Ullah, Essam A. Ali, Sarfraz Ahmed, Suvash Chandra Ojha

All Works

Dopamine is one of the most important neurotransmitters and plays a crucial role in various neurological, renal, and cardiovascular systems. However, the abnormal levels of dopamine mainly point to Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s, cardiovascular diseases, etc. Hydroxyapatite (HAp), owing to its catalytic nature, nanoporous structure, easy synthesis, and biocompatibility, is a promising matrix material. These characteristics make HAp a material of choice for doping metals such as cobalt. The synthesized cobalt-doped hydroxyapatite (Co-HAp) was used as a colorimetric sensing platform for dopamine. The successful synthesis of the platform was confirmed by characterization with FTIR, SEM, EDX, XRD, TGA, etc. The platform demonstrated …

Investigation Of Oleic Acid As A Dispersant For Hydroxyapatite Powders For Use In Ceramic Filled Photo-Curable Resins For Stereolithography, Brendan Kennedy, Eamonn De Barra, Stuart Hampshire, Maura Kelleher

Articles

Stereolithography allows production of porous hydroxyapatite scaffolds for bone regeneration but is limited by the challenging rheology of ceramic filled resins. Oleic acid, a natural fatty acid, was applied in concentrations of 0.0–0.3 wt% to improve the rheological properties of HAp resins for the fabrication of solid cylinders and scaffolds by digital light processing (DLP) printing in a wiperless system. Bonding by chemisorption was confirmed by FTIR analysis. The powders were then incorporated into a photo-curable resin of 1–6 hexanediol diacrylate at 18–30 vol%. The shear viscosity and sedimentation rates of photocurable resins containing HAp powder decreased with increasing concentration …

Hierarchical Structure And Properties Of The Bone At Nano Level, Farah Hamandi, Tarun Goswami

Biomedical, Industrial & Human Factors Engineering Faculty Publications

Bone is a highly hierarchical complex structure that consists of organic and mineral components represented by collagen molecules (CM) and hydroxyapatite crystals (HAC), respectively. The nanostructure of bone can significantly affect its mechanical properties. There is a lack of understanding how collagen fibrils (CF) in different orientations may affect the mechanical properties of the bone. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of interaction, orientation, and hydration on atomic models of the bone composed of collagen helix (CH) and HAC, using molecular dynamics simulations and therefrom bone-related disease origins. The results demonstrate that the mechanical properties of …

Evaluation Of Fluoride Adsorption Mechanism And Capacity Of Different Types Of Bone Char, Benyapa Sawangjang, Phacharapol Induvesa, Aunnop Wongrueng, Chayakorn Pumas, Suraphong Wattanachira, Pharkphum Rakruam, Patiparn Punyapalakul, Satoshi Takizawa, Eakalak Khan

Civil and Environmental Engineering and Construction Faculty Research

The fluoride adsorption capacity of three types of bone char (BC), including cow BC (CBC), chicken BC (CKBC), and pig BC (PBC), was examined. At the optimum charring conditions (temperature and time), PBC had the highest hydroxyapatite (HAP) content (0.928 g-HAP/g-BC), while CBC had the highest specific surface area (103.11 m2/g-BC). CBC also had the maximum fluoride adsorption capacity (0.788 mg-F/g-HAP), suggesting that fluoride adsorption capacity depends more on the specific surface area of the BC than the HAP content. The adsorption data of CBC, CKBC, and PBC fit well with the pseudo-second-order model and the Langmuir isotherm. The maximum …

Geometric Effects Of Open Hollow Hydroxyapatite Microspheres Influence Bone Repair And Regeneration In Sprague Dawley Rats, Youqu Shen, M. N. Rahaman, Yongxian Liu, Yue-Wern Huang

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Effective regeneration of bone defects caused by trauma or chronic diseases is a significant clinical challenge. Bone deficiency is overcome using treatments that rely on bone regeneration and augmentation. While various treatments have been investigated with encouraging results, complete and predictable bone reconstruction is often difficult [1]. Synthetic bone grafts have advantages such as consistent quality, safety, and good tissue tolerance. They usually function as inert or osteoconductive implants. Encouraging results from synthetic grafts have been reported. For instance, hollow hydroxyapatite (HA) microspheres showed the ability to facilitate bone repair in rats with non-healing calvarial defects [2,3]. However, new bone …

Novel Layered Double Hydroxides-Hydroxyapatite/Gelatin Bone Tissue Engineering Scaffolds: Fabrication, Characterization, And In Vivo Study, Fateme Fayyazbakhsh, Mehran Solati-Hashjin, Abbas Keshtkar, Mohammad Ali Shokrgozar, Mohammad Mehdi Dehghan, Bagher Larijani

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Developing Porous Biodegradable Scaffolds through Simple Methods is One of the Main Approaches of Bone Tissue Engineering (BTE). in This Work, a Novel BTE Composite Containing Layered Double Hydroxides (LDH), Hydroxyapatite (HA) and Gelatin (GEL) Was Fabricated using Co-Precipitation and Solvent-Casting Methods. Physiochemical Characterizations Showed that the Chemical Composition and Microstructure of the Scaffolds Were Similar to the Natural Spongy Bone. Interconnected Macropores Ranging over 100 to 600 Μm Were Observed for Both Scaffolds While the Porosity of 90 ± 0.12% and 92.11 ± 0.15%, as Well As, Young's Modulus of 19.8 ± 0.41 and 12.5 ± 0.35 GPa Were …

Hydrothermally Processed 1d Hydroxyapatite: Mechanism Of Formation And Biocompatibility Studies, Zoran Stojanović, Nenad Ignjatović, Victoria M. Wu, Vojca Žunič, Ljiljana Veselinović, Srečo D. Škapin, Miroslav Miljković, Vuk Uskoković, Dragab Uskoković

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Recent developments in bone tissue engineering have led to an increased interest in one-dimensional (1D) hydroxyapatite (HA) nano- and micro-structures such as wires, ribbons and tubes. They have been proposed for use as cell substrates, reinforcing phases in composites and carriers for biologically active substances. Here we demonstrate the synthesis of 1D HA structures using an optimized, urea-assisted, high-yield hydrothermal batch process. The one-pot process, yielding HA structures composed of bundles of ribbons and wires, was typified by the simultaneous occurrence of a multitude of intermediate reactions, failing to meet the uniformity criteria over particle morphology and size. To overcome …

Calcium Phosphate As A Key Material For Socially Responsible Tissue Engineering, Vuk Uskoković, Victoria M. Wu

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Socially responsible technologies are designed while taking into consideration the socioeconomic, geopolitical and environmental limitations of regions in which they will be implemented. In the medical context, this involves making therapeutic platforms more accessible and affordable to patients in poor regions of the world wherein a given disease is endemic. This often necessitates going against the reigning trend of making therapeutic nanoparticles ever more structurally complex and expensive. However, studies aimed at simplifying materials and formulations while maintaining the functionality and therapeutic response of their more complex counterparts seldom provoke a significant interest in the scientific community. In this review …

Low–Temperature Spark Plasma Sintering Of Transparent Ceramics By Using Sic Molding Set, Byung-Nam Kim

Electric Field Assisted Sintering and Related Phenomena Far From Equilibrium

Hydroxyapatite (HAP) and alumina ceramics were sintered at low temperatures by using the SiC molding set during spark plasma sintering (SPS). Transparent ceramics were obtained at 800 ˚C and 1000 ˚C for HAP and alumina, respectively. The SiC is electrically conductive (3x10⁴ S/m), so that the molding set (mold, punch and spacer) was directly heated during SPS without external heating. Compared to the conventional graphite molding set, the voltage level during heating was higher due to lower conductivity. When the graphite molding set was used, the temperature required for transparent HAP and alumina was about 950 ˚C and 1150 …

Functional Droplets That Recognize, Collect, And Transport Debris On Surfaces, Ying Bai, Chia-Chih Chang, Umesh Choudhary, Irem Bolukbasi, Alfred J. Crosby, Todd Emrick

Polymer Science and Engineering Department Faculty Publication Series

We describe polymer-stabilized droplets capable of recognizing and picking up nanoparticles from substrates in experiments designed for transporting hydroxyapatite nanoparticles that represent the principal elemental composition of bone. Our experiments, which are inspired by cells that carry out materials transport in vivo, used oil-in-water droplets that traverse a nanoparticle-coated substrate driven by an imposed fluid flow. Nanoparticle capture is realized by interaction of the particles with chemical functionality embedded within the polymeric stabilizing layer on the droplets. Nanoparticle uptake efficiency is controlled by solution conditions and the extent of functionality available for contact with the nanoparticles. Moreover, in an elementary …

Novel Anti-Decay Self-Setting Paste Of Hydroxyapatite/Collagen Nanocomposite Utilizing Gptms, Masanori Kikuchi, Taira Sato, Mamoru Aizawa, Yuki Shirosaki

Composites at Lake Louise (CALL 2015)

Bone is a typical inorganic/ortganic nanocomposite mainly composed of hydroxyapatite (HAp) nanocrystals and collagen molecules. The composition and nanostructure is closely related to bone’s biomechanical and biochemical properties. One of the most important things for bone is a bone remodeling process that maintains mechanical strength of bone to allow walking and running as well as homeostasis of calcium in our body. In fact, sintered HAp composed of HAp crystals approximately 1 µm in particle size is considered as non-bioresorbable; however HAp nanocrystals easily resorbed by osteoclasts. A hydroxyapatite/collagen bone-like nanocomposite (HAp/Col) was successfully synthesized by the authors via self-organizing process. …

Toward Complete Continuity In Antibody Biomanufacture: Multi-Column Continuous Chromatography For Protein A Capture And Mixed Mode Hydroxyapatite Polishing, Anthony Grabski, Tom Van Oosbree, Beth Hammer, Alla Zilberman, Robert Mierendoff

Integrated Continuous Biomanufacturing II

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are a predominant modality for a broad range of clinical indications including oncology and inflammatory diseases. Increasing manufacturing capacity and decreasing cost per purification campaign are critical factors for making antibody therapies more affordable. Cell culture mAb expression levels have steadily increased over the past ten years with titers of five grams per liter frequently achieved. Higher titers reduce production costs and allow processing of kilogram quantities for clinical trials from single use cell culture vessels. Drawbacks of increased titers include higher levels of aggregates, fragments, variants, and process impurities. These combined titer and impurity burdens further …

A Study On The Fluorescent Properties Of Nanoapatite Particles Under Externally Applied Magnetic Fields, Heidi Reid

TECHxpo

Hydroxyapatite is a naturally occurring mineral found in human bones and teeth. Its chemical formula is: Ca₁₀(PO₄)₆(OH)₂. In this project hydroxyapatite nanoparticles were doped with iron or europium to give the particles magnetic or fluorescent properties, respectively. The magnetic and fluorescent responses of these particles under externally applied magnetic fields has not yet been fully characterized.

A Modified Surface On Titanium Deposited By A Blasting Process, Caroline O' Sullivan, Peter O'Hare, Greg Byrne, Liam O'Neill, Katie B. Ryan, Abina M. Crean

Publications

Abstract

: Hydroxyapatite (HA) coating of hard tissue implants is widely employed for its biocompatible and osteoconductive properties as well as its improved mechanical properties. Plasma technology is the principal deposition process for coating HA on bioactive metals for this application. However, thermal decomposition of HA can occur during the plasma deposition process, resulting in coating variability in terms of purity, uniformity and crystallinity, which can lead to implant failure caused by aseptic loosening. In this study, CoBlast™, a novel blasting process has been used to successfully modify a titanium (V) substrate with a HA treatment using a dopant/abrasive regime. …

Mineral Trioxide Aggregate Material Use In Endodontic Treatment: A Review Of The Literature, Howard W. Roberts, Jeffrey M. Toth, David W. Berzins, David G. Charlton

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

Objective

The purpose of this paper was to review the composition, properties, biocompatibility, and the clinical results involving the use of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) materials in endodontic treatment.

Methods

Electronic search of scientific papers from January 1990 to August 2006 was accomplished using PubMed and Scopus search engines (search terms: MTA, GMTA, WMTA, mineral AND trioxide AND aggregate).

Results

Selected exclusion criteria resulted in 156 citations from the scientific, peer-reviewed dental literature. MTA materials are derived from a Portland cement parent compound and have been demonstrated to be biocompatible endodontic repair materials, with its biocompatible nature strongly suggested by …

Physiochemical Characterizations Of Hydroxyapatite Extracted From Bovine Bones By Three Different Methods: Extraction Of Biologically Desirable Hap, Nasser A. M Barakat, K. A. Khalil, Faheem A. Sheikh, A. M. Omran, Babita Gaihre, Soeb M. Khil, Hak Yong Kim

Faculty of Engineering - Papers (Archive)

In the present study, subcritical water and alkaline hydrolysis methods are proposed methodologies for extraction of natural hydroxyapatite bioceramic from bovine bone. In these processes, the bovine bones powder were treated by high pressure water at 250 °C for 1 h and 25% (wt) sodium hydroxide at 250 °C for 5 h, respectively. Also the conventional calcination methodology has been utilized as well (T = 850 °C for 1 h). The obtained apatites from the three treatment processes have been characterized by powder X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT IR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermal gravimetric …