Engineering Commons^™

Best Trade-Off Point Method For Efficient Resource Provisioning In Spark, Peter P. Nghiem

Computer Science and Engineering

Considering the recent exponential growth in the amount of information processed in Big Data, the high energy consumed by data processing engines in datacenters has become a major issue, underlining the need for efficient resource allocation for more energy-efficient computing. We previously proposed the Best Trade-off Point (BToP) method, which provides a general approach and techniques based on an algorithm with mathematical formulas to find the best trade-off point on an elbow curve of performance vs. resources for efficient resource provisioning in Hadoop MapReduce. The BToP method is expected to work for any application or system which relies on a …

Thermal Bridging In Concrete Sandwich Walls, Taylor J. Sorensen, Robert J. Thomas, Sattar Dorafshan, Marc Maguire

Faculty Publications

Energy efficiency requires continuity of the insulation system in structural and architectural details.

Trident: A Comprehensive Timing Error Resilient Technique Against Choke Points At Ntc., Aatreyi Bal, Sanghamitra Roy, Koushik Chakraborty

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

Near Threshold Computing (NTC) systems have been inherently plagued with heightened process variation (PV) sensitivity. Choke points are an intriguing manifestation of this PV sensitivity. In this paper, we explore the probability of minimum timing violations, caused by choke points, in an NTC system and, their non-Trivial impacts on the system reliability. We show that conventional timing error mitigation techniques are inefficient in tackling choke point induced minimum timing violations. Consequently, we propose a comprehensive error mitigation technique, Trident, to tackle choke points, at NTC. Trident offers a 1.37x performance improvement and a 1.1x energy efficiency gain over Razor at …

Qtsac: An Energy-Efficient Mac Protocol For Delay Minimization In Wireless Sensor Networks, Yuxin Liu, Kaoru Ota, Kuan Zhang, Ming Ma, Naixue Xiong, Anfeng Liu, Jun Long

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

Millions of sensors are deployed to monitor the smart grid. They consume huge amounts of energy in the communication infrastructure. Therefore, the establishment of an energy-efficient medium access control (MAC) protocol for sensor nodes is challenging and urgently needed. The Quorum-based MAC protocol independently and adaptively schedules nodes’ wake-up times and decreases idle listening and collisions, thereby increasing the network throughput and extending the network lifetime. A novel Quorum time slot adaptive condensing (QTSAC)-based MAC protocol is proposed for achieving delay minimization and energy efficiency for the wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Compared to previous protocols, the QTSAC-based MAC protocol has …

A Lightweight Classification Algorithm For Human Activity Recognition In Outdoor Spaces, Graham Mccalmont, Huiru Zheng, Haiying Wang, S. I. Mcclean, Matteo Zallio, Damon Berry

Conference Papers

The aim of this paper is to discuss the development of a lightweight classification algorithm for human activity recognition in a defined setting. Current techniques to analyse data such as machine learning are often very resource intensive meaning they can only be implemented on machines or devices that have large amounts of storage or processing power. The lightweight algorithm uses Euclidean distance to measure the difference between two points and predict the class of new records.

The results of the algorithm are largely positive achieving accuracy of 100% when classifying records taken from the same sensor position and accuracy of …

Comparative Study Of On-Off Control And Novel High- Low Control Of Regenerative Indirect Evaporative Cooler (Riec)., Yi Chen, Huaxia Yan, Hongxing Yang

Faculty of Science & Technology (THEi)

The main characteristic of an indirect evaporative cooler (IEC) is its dependency on ambient air conditions. To ensure stable indoor temperature and provide better thermal comfort for the occupants, proper control strategy is essential. However, very limited studies report the controller used in IEC. Therefore, two control schemes are comparatively studied for regenerative indirect evaporative cooler (RIEC) application, including conventional on-off control and newly proposed high-low (H-L) control. Under on-off control scheme, the fans are either in operation at constant rated speeds or turned off if the indoor temperature is satisfied. While under H-L control scheme, the fans would be …

Further Development Of A Thermal Comfort Based Fuzzy Logic Controller For A Direct Expansion Air Conditioning System, Huaxia Yan, Yan Pan, Zhao Li, Shiming Deng

Faculty of Science & Technology (THEi)

The primary purpose of A/C is offering occupants with acceptable indoor thermal comfort levels. Thermal comfort is a complicated result of non-linear interactions between six parameters. However, many of current A/C systems solely control air temperature. Whenever anyone of the five parameters other than temperature varies significantly, an occupant may feel thermally uncomfortable. To address the issue, a comprehensive thermal comfort index should be used as regulator in A/C systems. One fuzzy logic controller is available. However, the approach to the fuzzy logic controller is complicated. In this paper, one previous established fuzzy logic controller is simplified for its real …

Dynamic Choke Sensing For Timing Error Resilience In Ntc Systems, Aatreyi Bal, Shamik Saha, Sanghamitra Roy, Koushik Chakraborty

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

Process variation (PV) is a conspicuous predicament for submicrometer VLSI circuits. In this paper, we illustrate "choke points" as a vital consequence of PV in the near-threshold computing domain. Choke points are PV affected sensitized logic gates with increased delay deviation. They dominate the choice of critical paths postfabrication. To mitigate the timing errors induced thereby, we propose dynamic choke sensing (DCS). This technique senses the timing error causing opcode sequences, and uses the knowledge to prevent similar sequences from causing errors in the future. We propose two variants of our scheme. Our techniques provide ~55% improvement in performance and …

Energy Slices: Benchmarking With Time Slicing, Katarina Grolinger, Hany F. Elyamany, Wilson Higashino, Miriam Am Capretz, Luke Seewald

Electrical and Computer Engineering Publications

Benchmarking makes it possible to identify low-performing buildings, establishes a baseline for measuring performance improvements, enables setting of energy conservation targets, and encourages energy savings by creating a competitive environment. Statistical approaches evaluate building energy efficiency by comparing measured energy consumption to other similar buildings typically using annual measurements. However, it is important to consider different time periods in benchmarking because of differences in their consumption patterns. For example, an office can be efficient during the night, but inefficient during operating hours due to occupants’ wasteful behavior. Moreover, benchmarking studies often use a single regression model for different building categories. …

A Framework For Energy Monitoring Of Machining Workshops Based On Iot, Xingzheng Chen, Congbo Li, Ying Tang, Li Li, Qinge Xiao

Henry M. Rowan College of Engineering Faculty Scholarship

Machining workshop is a widely distributed manufacturing system that consumes massive energy in low efficiency. Due to the complicated and dynamic energy flow of the machining workshop, machinery manufacturers still lack an effective method to monitor and manage the energy efficiency. Hence, this paper proposes an energy efficiency monitoring system for machining workshop with the support of the newly emerging Internet of Things (IoT) technology. With the application of the proposed system, potential opportunities for energy efficiency improvement can be identified. Machinery manufacturers can easily reduce energy consumption and energy cost by managing the machining process.