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Articles 1 - 10 of 10
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Exploring Regional And Telecoupled Land Use Change Impacts From Environmental Shocks, Kevin Hill, Liz Wachs, Brady Hardiman, David Yu, Shweta Singh
Exploring Regional And Telecoupled Land Use Change Impacts From Environmental Shocks, Kevin Hill, Liz Wachs, Brady Hardiman, David Yu, Shweta Singh
The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium
Natural disasters or environmental shocks have the potential to disrupt local agricultural systems as well as distant agricultural systems through cascading effects. In this work we selected two distinct environmental shocks and traced their cascading effects on land use change. Quantifying cascading effects is a salient issue because climate change forecasts indicate an increase in frequency and intensity of global environmental shocks. This study incorporated the concept of telecoupled systems involving interrelating ecological, economic and political/social components. A telecoupled framework involving cascading effects was implemented using three approaches. The first approach involved using bilateral agricultural trade matrix data to analyze …
Development Of A New Nanohub Simulation Tool: Coarse Graining Of Crystalline Nano-Cellulose., Kuo Tian, Mehdi Shishehbor, Pablo Zavattieri
Development Of A New Nanohub Simulation Tool: Coarse Graining Of Crystalline Nano-Cellulose., Kuo Tian, Mehdi Shishehbor, Pablo Zavattieri
The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium
Crystalline Nano-cellulose (CNC) is a general molecular structure obtained from acid hydrolysis of native fiber. They are often very short (100 to 1000 manometers) and the mechanical properties of CNC varies depend on length scale. Due to defect formation of the structure, the mechanical properties of the material composed of such CNC may vary drastically. This study was to provide a numerical tool to integrate a few valid modules and to better understand the mechanical properties of CNC and the overall performance of the bio-inspired material composed of CNC. Our focus is mainly on two type of composite structure [1] …
Comparative Life Cycle Assessment Of Direct And Indirect Solar Water Disinfection Processes In Developing Countries, Jason K. Hawes, Margaret M. Busse, Ernest R. Blatchley Iii
Comparative Life Cycle Assessment Of Direct And Indirect Solar Water Disinfection Processes In Developing Countries, Jason K. Hawes, Margaret M. Busse, Ernest R. Blatchley Iii
The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium
In July 2010, the UN General Assembly recognized the universal human right to sufficient water for health and sanitation (UN…, 2010). The reliable disinfection of this water plays a critical role in public health (Carter and Miller, 2005), and this study investigates the use of four ultraviolet (UV) disinfection methods for use in international development and disaster relief. The study focuses on the life cycle impacts of four direct and indirect solar ultraviolet disinfection systems. Direct solar disinfection refers to exposure of water to solar radiation, while indirect solar disinfection collects solar energy and uses this to power a UV …
Pore Scale Transport Of Miscible And Immiscible Fluids In Porous Media, Tolulope O. Odimayomi, Arezoo M. Ardekani
Pore Scale Transport Of Miscible And Immiscible Fluids In Porous Media, Tolulope O. Odimayomi, Arezoo M. Ardekani
The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium
The separation of harmful or valuable substances entrapped in porous media has applications in processes such as enhanced oil recovery, diffusion in tissue, and aquifer remediation. In this study the motion and removal rate of immiscible and miscible solutions have been analyzed to gain understanding of solvent effectiveness as it is diluted due to diffusion or mixing within porous materials. The extraction of oil using water, a surfactant solution of 4% CTAB in water, and a foam produced form the surfactant solution is observed using two dimensional flows between parallel slides containing cylindrical obstacles. The fluid motion is visualized. The …
Strength Of Reinforced Concrete Beams With High-Strength Steel, Brian C. Rogers, Aishwarya Puranam, Santiago Pujol
Strength Of Reinforced Concrete Beams With High-Strength Steel, Brian C. Rogers, Aishwarya Puranam, Santiago Pujol
The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium
Structures are commonly made of reinforced concrete, which is a composite material made of concrete and steel reinforcement. Using high-strength steel, with yield stress larger than 100 ksi, could help reduce the quantity of steel required in structural members, thus reducing costs and improving constructability. The hypothesis being tested is that smaller quantities of high-strength steel reinforcement (HSSR) can be used in place of conventional steel in reinforced concrete beams while maintaining similar strength and deformation at failure. Two reinforced concrete beams with two different types of longitudinal steel reinforcement were constructed. The beams were 18 in. wide, 30 in. …
Infant Exposure To Resuspended Particles From Carpeted Flooring: Experimental Chamber Study With A Simplified Mechanical Crawling Infant, Manjie Fu, Brandon E. Boor
Infant Exposure To Resuspended Particles From Carpeted Flooring: Experimental Chamber Study With A Simplified Mechanical Crawling Infant, Manjie Fu, Brandon E. Boor
The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium
Airborne particles of biological origin – bioaerosols – are present everywhere, including the indoor environment where people spend considerable amounts of time, and exposure to such materials via inhalation can have a number of health implications. Bioaerosol dynamics can occur through a variety of mechanisms, among them resuspension of deposited particles due to human activity. Because the breathing zone of infants is at a much lower height than that of adults, there is reason to suspect that infants are exposed to greater concentrations of bioaerosols resuspended from the floor, though knowledge in this specific area is limited. To investigate, a …
Transport Contaminant In Flowing Water For Improving Water Quality, Ghassani Feta Adani, Antoine Aubeneau, Carlo Andrej Alviar, Xuqing Xiong, Shizhang Wang
Transport Contaminant In Flowing Water For Improving Water Quality, Ghassani Feta Adani, Antoine Aubeneau, Carlo Andrej Alviar, Xuqing Xiong, Shizhang Wang
The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium
Clean freshwater is fundamental to sustain human activities and the aquatic life. However, cities, industries, and agriculture wastes deteriorate water quality. For example, released fertilizer induces excess algal growth. This leads to major ecological problems such as eutrophication of freshwater ecosystems which has not only a great environmental cost impact, but can also affect the health and sustenance living of the people. This project investigates the transport of nitrate, a major plant fertilizer, in flowing freshwater. Streams and rivers can transform nitrate, thus mitigating its impact. Most of the biogeochemical reactions involved in nitrate removal take place where microorganisms usually …
Pah Analysis Of Sediments From Pleasant Run Creek Adjacent To A Former Manufactured Gas Plant, Celeste A. Bronson, Xuda Lin, Amisha D. Shah, Nadya Zyaykina, Chad Jafvert
Pah Analysis Of Sediments From Pleasant Run Creek Adjacent To A Former Manufactured Gas Plant, Celeste A. Bronson, Xuda Lin, Amisha D. Shah, Nadya Zyaykina, Chad Jafvert
The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are known to be toxic and some are even carcinogenic. A prime source of PAHs is coal tar. Coal tar can be found in soils and sediments near former manufactured gas plants (MGPs) or coking facilities. This study involves characterizing the chemical composition and concentrations of PAHs within stream sediments at a former MGP site by Pleasant Run Creek in Indianapolis, Indiana. To characterize the stream sediments, sediment cores were removed from various locations along the stream and sampled with depth. Sample collection was conducted in partnership with the environmental engineering firm, August Mack Environmental. Samples …
High Strength Steel In The Reinforced Concrete Structures: Serviceability, Alan Kanybek, Aishwarya Puranam, Santiago Pujol
High Strength Steel In The Reinforced Concrete Structures: Serviceability, Alan Kanybek, Aishwarya Puranam, Santiago Pujol
The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium
The use of high-strength steel (yield stress larger than 100 ksi) in reinforced concrete structures can provide an effective alternative to using conventional steel (yield stress up to 80 ksi). The goal of this study is to investigate if slabs with reduced quantities of high-strength steel reinforcement meet the serviceability criteria. Instantaneous and long-term deflections in slab specimens with conventional steel and reduced amounts of high-strength steel (as compared with conventional steel) were studied. Two sets of two reinforced concrete slabs, each 14 ft. long, 30 in. wide, were built. The depth, quantity, and type of longitudinal reinforcement were varied …
Developing Methods To Characterize Cured-In-Place Pipe (Cipp), Emily N. Conkling, Mahboobeh Teimouri, Andrew Whelton
Developing Methods To Characterize Cured-In-Place Pipe (Cipp), Emily N. Conkling, Mahboobeh Teimouri, Andrew Whelton
The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium
Cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) is quickly growing as a method to repair aging water pipes. It’s an attractive option for states’ Departments of Transportation, as CIPP doesn’t require any long term or invasive construction. The exact composition of CIPP is poorly understood, even though CIPP leaching is assumed to be the cause of algal blooms, fish kills, and some human illnesses. The goal of this study was to develop methods to characterize what chemicals are present in uncured and cured CIPP resin and at what magnitude. An exhaust capture system was designed, and the condensate collected from this was extracted using …