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Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Research

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Full-Text Articles in Engineering

Foot Contact Dynamics And Fall Risk Among Children Diagnosed With Idiopathic Toe Walking, Rahul Soangra, Michael Shiraishi, Richard Beuttler, Michelle Gwerder, Lou Anne Boyd, Venkatesan Muthukumar, Mohamed Trabia, Afshin Aminian, Marybeth Grant-Beuttler Mar 2021

Foot Contact Dynamics And Fall Risk Among Children Diagnosed With Idiopathic Toe Walking, Rahul Soangra, Michael Shiraishi, Richard Beuttler, Michelle Gwerder, Lou Anne Boyd, Venkatesan Muthukumar, Mohamed Trabia, Afshin Aminian, Marybeth Grant-Beuttler

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Research

Children that are diagnosed with Idiopathic Toe walking (cITW) are characterized by persistent toe-to-toe contacts. The objective of this study was to explore whether typical foot contact dynamics during walking predisposes cITW to a higher risk of falling. Twenty cITW and age-matched controls performed typical and toe walking trials. The gait parameters related to foot contact dynamics, vertical force impulses during stance, slip, and trip risk were compared for both groups. We found that cITW manifest less stable gait and produced significantly higher force impulses during push-off. Additionally, we found that cITW had a higher slip-initiation risk that was associated …


Generalized Composite Noncertainty-Equivalence Adaptive Control Of A Prototypical Wing Section With Torsional Nonlinearity, Keum W. Lee, Sahjendra N. Singh Feb 2021

Generalized Composite Noncertainty-Equivalence Adaptive Control Of A Prototypical Wing Section With Torsional Nonlinearity, Keum W. Lee, Sahjendra N. Singh

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Research

© 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. part of Springer Nature. The paper presents a generalized composite noncertainty-equivalence adaptive control system for the control of a prototypical aeroelastic wing section using a single trailing-edge control surface. The plunge–pitch (two-degree-of-freedom) dynamics of this aeroelastic system include torsional pitch-axis nonlinearity. The open-loop system exhibits limit cycle oscillations beyond a critical free-stream velocity. It is assumed that parameters of the model are not known. The objective is to suppress the oscillatory responses of the system. Based on the immersion and invariance approach, a generalized composite noncertainty-equivalence adaptive (NCEA) control …


Hamiltonian-Based Libration Point Orbit Control On Manifold Of Constant Energy, Keum W. Lee, Sahjendra N. Singh Jan 2021

Hamiltonian-Based Libration Point Orbit Control On Manifold Of Constant Energy, Keum W. Lee, Sahjendra N. Singh

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Research

© 2021, Springer Nature Switzerland AG. The circular restricted three-body problem (CR3BP) is important from the theoretical as well as a practical viewpoint. In this paper, the objective is to control a spacecraft along stable or unstable libration point orbits. For this purpose, a manifold of constant energy is specified. Then, a Hamiltonian-based state variable feedback control law is designed for regulating the spacecraft to attain the specified level of energy. Through the Lyapunov analysis, asymptotic convergence of the system energy to prescribed level is established. For this multi-dimensional constant energy manifold, a variety of periodic and quasi-periodic libration point …


Ramp Metering For A Distant Downstream Bottleneck Using Reinforcement Learning With Value Function Approximation, Yue Zhou, Kaan Ozbay, Pushkin Kachroo, Fan Zuo Oct 2020

Ramp Metering For A Distant Downstream Bottleneck Using Reinforcement Learning With Value Function Approximation, Yue Zhou, Kaan Ozbay, Pushkin Kachroo, Fan Zuo

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Research

Ramp metering for a bottleneck located far downstream of the ramp is more challenging than for a bottleneck that is near the ramp. This is because under the control of a conventional linear feedback-type ramp metering strategy, when metered traffic from the ramp arrive at the distant downstream bottleneck, the state of the bottleneck may have significantly changed from when it is sampled for computing the metering rate; due to the considerable time, these traffic will have to take to traverse the long distance between the ramp and the bottleneck. As a result of such time-delay effects, significant stability issue …


Preface, Shahram Latifi Sep 2020

Preface, Shahram Latifi

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Research

No abstract provided.


Wind Power Forecasting Methods Based On Deep Learning: A Survey, Xing Deng, Haijian Shao, Chunlong Hu, Dengbiao Jiang, Yingtao Jiang Jan 2020

Wind Power Forecasting Methods Based On Deep Learning: A Survey, Xing Deng, Haijian Shao, Chunlong Hu, Dengbiao Jiang, Yingtao Jiang

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Research

Accurate wind power forecasting in wind farm can effectively reduce the enormous impact on grid operation safety when high permeability intermittent power supply is connected to the power grid. Aiming to provide reference strategies for relevant researchers as well as practical applications, this paper attempts to provide the literature investigation and methods analysis of deep learning, enforcement learning and transfer learning in wind speed and wind power forecasting modeling. Usually, wind speed and wind power forecasting around a wind farm requires the calculation of the next moment of the definite state, which is usually achieved based on the state of …


Dynamic Allocation/Reallocation Of Dark Cores In Many-Core Systems For Improved System Performance, Xingxing Huang, Xiaohang Wang, Yingtao Jiang, Amit Kumar Singh, Mei Yang Jan 2020

Dynamic Allocation/Reallocation Of Dark Cores In Many-Core Systems For Improved System Performance, Xingxing Huang, Xiaohang Wang, Yingtao Jiang, Amit Kumar Singh, Mei Yang

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Research

A significant number of processing cores in any many-core systems nowadays and likely in the future have to be switched off or forced to be idle to become dark cores, in light of ever increasing power density and chip temperature. Although these dark cores cannot make direct contributions to the chip's throughput, they can still be allocated to applications currently running in the system for the sole purpose of heat dissipation enabled by the temperature gradient between the active and dark cores. However, allocating dark cores to applications tends to add extra waiting time to applications yet to be launched, …


Preface, Shahram Latifi Oct 2019

Preface, Shahram Latifi

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Research

No abstract provided.


Adaptive And Supertwisting Adaptive Spacecraft Orbit Control Around Asteroids, Keum W. Lee, Sahjendra N. Singh Apr 2019

Adaptive And Supertwisting Adaptive Spacecraft Orbit Control Around Asteroids, Keum W. Lee, Sahjendra N. Singh

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Research

This paper addresses the development of control systems for the orbit control of spacecraft around irregularly shaped rotating asteroids with uncertain parameters. The objective is to steer the spacecraft along prescribed orbits. First, a nonlinear adaptive law for orbit control was designed. This was followed by the design of a supertwisting adaptive (STWA) control system. In the closed-loop system, which includes the adaptive law or the STWA law, all the signals remain bounded, and the trajectory tracking error asymptotically converges to zero for any initial condition. Finally, under the assumption of boundedness of the derivative of the uncertain functions of …


A Survey Of State-Of-The-Art Gan-Based Approaches To Image Synthesis, Shahram Latifi, Shirin Nasr Esfahani Jan 2019

A Survey Of State-Of-The-Art Gan-Based Approaches To Image Synthesis, Shahram Latifi, Shirin Nasr Esfahani

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Research

In the past few years, Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) have received immense attention by researchers in a variety of application domains. This new field of deep learning has been growing rapidly and has provided a way to learn deep representations without extensive use of annotated training data. Their achievements may be used in a variety of applications, including speech synthesis, image and video generation, semantic image editing, and style transfer. Image synthesis is an important component of expert systems and it attracted much attention since the introduction of GANs. However, GANs are known to be difficult to train especially when …


Application Of Machine Learning To Biometric Systems- A Survey, Lina Chate, Shahram Latifi Oct 2018

Application Of Machine Learning To Biometric Systems- A Survey, Lina Chate, Shahram Latifi

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Research

A summary of existing work on the use of machine learning and deep learning methods in biometrics is presented here. Biometrics traits covered include physiological (image, voice) as well as behavioral (gait, signature) features. This study shows that machine learning has a high potential to improve the performance of biometrics systems due to ML's ability to mine, search and analyze big sets of data, performing matching tasks more quickly and reliably than the conventional methods. At the end some key challenges in use of adopting ML in biometrics systems are pointed out.


Finite-Time Sliding Mode And Super-Twisting Control Of Fighter Aircraft, Kaushik Raj, Venkatesan Muthukumar, Sahjendra N. Singh, Keum W. Lee Sep 2018

Finite-Time Sliding Mode And Super-Twisting Control Of Fighter Aircraft, Kaushik Raj, Venkatesan Muthukumar, Sahjendra N. Singh, Keum W. Lee

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Research

The development of two nonlinear robust higher-order flight control systems for roll-coupled maneuvers of fighter aircraft with uncertain parameters is discussed in this article. The objective is to independently control the output variables (roll angle, pitch angle and sideslip angle) using aileron, elevator and rudder control surfaces. For a nominal model of aircraft, first a finite time stabilizing (FTS) control law, based on the notion of geometric homogeneity, is designed. Then for robust control in the presence of parameter uncertainties, (i) a discontinuous sliding mode (DSM) control law and (ii) a super-twisting (STW) continuous control law is designed. It is …


A Cognitive Framework To Secure Smart Cities, Shahab Tayeb, Neha Raste, Matin Pirouz, Shahram Latifi Sep 2018

A Cognitive Framework To Secure Smart Cities, Shahab Tayeb, Neha Raste, Matin Pirouz, Shahram Latifi

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Research

The advancement in technology has transformed Cyber Physical Systems and their interface with IoT into a more sophisticated and challenging paradigm. As a result, vulnerabilities and potential attacks manifest themselves considerably more than before, forcing researchers to rethink the conventional strategies that are currently in place to secure such physical systems. This manuscript studies the complex interweaving of sensor networks and physical systems and suggests a foundational innovation in the field. In sharp contrast with the existing IDS and IPS solutions, in this paper, a preventive and proactive method is employed to stay ahead of attacks by constantly monitoring network …


Preface, Shahram Latifi Jul 2018

Preface, Shahram Latifi

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Research

No abstract provided.


Analytical Models For Distribution Of The Envelope And Phase Of Linearly Modulated Signals In Awgn Channel, Taleb Moazzeni, Yingtao Jiang, Henry Selvaraj, Tianding Chen Mar 2014

Analytical Models For Distribution Of The Envelope And Phase Of Linearly Modulated Signals In Awgn Channel, Taleb Moazzeni, Yingtao Jiang, Henry Selvaraj, Tianding Chen

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Research

In this paper, analytical expressions for the distribution of the envelope and phase of linearly modulated signals such as BPSK, M-PSK, and M-QAM in AWGN are presented. We perform numerical simulations for different orders of signal constellations. The results show that the proposed theoretical models are in excellent agreement with the estimated distributions from various numerical experiments.


Decentralization Of A Multi Data Source Distributed Processing System Using A Distributed Hash Table, Grzegorz Chmaj, Shahram Latifi Oct 2013

Decentralization Of A Multi Data Source Distributed Processing System Using A Distributed Hash Table, Grzegorz Chmaj, Shahram Latifi

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Research

A distributed processing system (DPS) contains many autonomous nodes, which contribute their own computing power. DPS is considered a unified logical structure, operating in a distributed manner; the processing tasks are divided into fragments and assigned to various nodes for processing. That type of operation requires and involves a great deal of communication. We propose to use the decentralized approach, based on a distributed hash table, to reduce the communication overhead and remove the server unit, thus avoiding having a single point of failure in the system. This paper proposes a mathematical model and algorithms that are implemented in a …


Understanding Vehicular Traffic Behavior From Video: A Survey Of Unsupervised Approaches, Brendan Tran Morris, Mohan Manubhai Trivedi Oct 2013

Understanding Vehicular Traffic Behavior From Video: A Survey Of Unsupervised Approaches, Brendan Tran Morris, Mohan Manubhai Trivedi

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Research

Recent emerging trends for automatic behavior analysis and understanding from infrastructure video are reviewed. Research has shifted from high-resolution estimation of vehicle state and instead, pushed machine learning approaches to extract meaningful patterns in aggregates in an unsupervised fashion. These patterns represent priors on observable motion, which can be utilized to describe a scene, answer behavior questions such as where is a vehicle going, how many vehicles are performing the same action, and to detect an abnormal event. The review focuses on two main methods for scene description, trajectory clustering and topic modeling. Example applications that utilize the behavioral modeling …


A P2p Computing System For Overlay Networks, Grzegorz Chmaj, Krzysztof Walkowiak Jan 2013

A P2p Computing System For Overlay Networks, Grzegorz Chmaj, Krzysztof Walkowiak

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Research

A distributed computing system is able to perform data computation and distribution of results at the same time. The input task is divided into blocks, which are then sent to system participants that offer their resources in order to perform calculations. Next, a partial result is sent back by the participants to the task manager (usually one central node). In the case when system participants want to get the final result, the central node may become overloaded, especially if many nodes request the result at the same time. In this paper we propose a novel distributed computation system, which does …


Tunable Fano Resonances Based On Two-Beam Interference In Microring Resonator, Ting Hu, Ping Yu, Chen Qui, Huiye Qui, Fan Wang, Mei Yang, Xiaoqing Jiang, Hui Yu, Jianyi Yang Jan 2013

Tunable Fano Resonances Based On Two-Beam Interference In Microring Resonator, Ting Hu, Ping Yu, Chen Qui, Huiye Qui, Fan Wang, Mei Yang, Xiaoqing Jiang, Hui Yu, Jianyi Yang

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Research

In this paper, a resonant system is demonstrated on silicon-on-insulator wafer to achieve tunable Fano resonances. In this system, the Fano resonance originates from the interference of two beams resonant in the microring resonator. The shapes of the Fano resonances are tunable through controlling the phase difference of the two beams. Both large slope and high extinctionratio (ER) are obtained when the phase difference is 0.5π or 1.5π. Experimental results show that Fano resonances with steep slope and ER over 20 dB are achieved in the whole free spectral range by controlling the microheaters to meet the phase condition.


Wireless Sensor Networks And The Internet Of Things, Yingtao Jiang, Lei Zhang, Ling Wang Jan 2013

Wireless Sensor Networks And The Internet Of Things, Yingtao Jiang, Lei Zhang, Ling Wang

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Research

It is estimated that mobile internet devices that can act as sensors will outnumber humans this year (2013), and by 2015, there will be about 15 billion internet-connected devices. Related applications are thriving in commercial, civic, and scientific operations that involve sensors, web, and services, leading by both academic societies and industry companies. It is commonly accepted that the next generation of internet is becoming the “Internet of Things (IoT)” which is a worldwide network of interconnected objects and their virtual representations uniquely addressable based on standard communication protocols. Identified by a unique address, any object including computers, mobile phones, …


Estimation Of Performance Indices For The Planning Of Sustainable Transportation Systems, Alexander Paz, Pankaj Maheshwari Jan 2013

Estimation Of Performance Indices For The Planning Of Sustainable Transportation Systems, Alexander Paz, Pankaj Maheshwari

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Research

In the context of sustainable transportation systems, previous studies have either focused only on the transportation systemor have not used a methodology that enables the treatment of incomplete, vague, and qualitative information associated with the available data. This study proposes a system of systems (SOS) and a fuzzy logic modeling approach. The SOS includes the Transportation, Activity, and Environment systems. The fuzzy logic modeling approach enables the treatment of the vagueness associated with some of the relevant data. Performance Indices (PIs) are computed for each system using a number of performance measures. The PIs illustrate the aggregated performance of each …


Framework For Simulation Of Heterogeneous Mpsoc For Design Space Exploration, Bisrat Tafesse, Venkatesan Muthukumar Jan 2013

Framework For Simulation Of Heterogeneous Mpsoc For Design Space Exploration, Bisrat Tafesse, Venkatesan Muthukumar

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Research

Due to the ever-growing requirements in high performance data computation, multiprocessor systems have been proposed to solve the bottlenecks in uniprocessor systems. Developing efficient multiprocessor systems requires effective exploration of design choices like application scheduling, mapping, and architecture design. Also, fault tolerance in multiprocessors needs to be addressed. With the advent of nanometer-process technology for chip manufacturing, realization of multiprocessors on SoC (MpSoC) is an active field of research. Developing efficient low power, fault-tolerant task scheduling, and mapping techniques for MpSoCs require optimized algorithms that consider the various scenarios inherent in multiprocessor environments. Therefore there exists a need to develop …


Heuristic Algorithms For Optimization Of Task Allocation And Result Distribution In Peer-To-Peer Computing Systems, Grzegorz Chmaj, Krzysztof Walkowiak, Michal Tarnawski, Michal Kucharzak Sep 2012

Heuristic Algorithms For Optimization Of Task Allocation And Result Distribution In Peer-To-Peer Computing Systems, Grzegorz Chmaj, Krzysztof Walkowiak, Michal Tarnawski, Michal Kucharzak

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Research

Recently, distributed computing system have been gaining much attention due to a growing demand for various kinds of effective computations in both industry and academia. In this paper, we focus on Peer-to-Peer (P2P) computing systems, also called public-resource computing systems or global computing systems. P2P computing systems, contrary to grids, use personal computers and other relatively simple electronic equipment (e.g., the PlayStation console) to process sophisticated computational projects. A significant example of the P2P computing idea is the BOINC (Berkeley Open Infrastructure for Network Computing) project. To improve the performance of the computing system, we propose to use the P2P …


Location Of Processor Allocator And Job Scheduler And Its Impact On Cmp Performance, Dawid Zydek, Grzegorz Chmaj, Alaa Shawky, Henry Selvaraj Mar 2012

Location Of Processor Allocator And Job Scheduler And Its Impact On Cmp Performance, Dawid Zydek, Grzegorz Chmaj, Alaa Shawky, Henry Selvaraj

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Research

High Performance Computing (HPC) architectures are being developed continually with an aim of achieving exascale capability by 2020. Processors that are being developed and used as nodes in HPC systems are Chip Multiprocessors (CMPs) with a number of cores. In this paper, we continue our effort towards a better processor allocation process. The Processor Allocator (PA) and Job Scheduler (JS) proposed and implemented in our previous works are explored in the context of its best location on the chip. We propose a system, where all locations on a chip can be analyzed, considering energy used by Network-on-Chip (NoC), PA and …


Decision Strategies For A P2p Computing System, Grzegorz Chmaj, Krzysztof Walkowiak Jan 2012

Decision Strategies For A P2p Computing System, Grzegorz Chmaj, Krzysztof Walkowiak

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Research

Peer-to-Peer (P2P) computing (also called ‘public-resource computing’) is an effective approach to perform computation of large tasks. Currently used P2P computing systems (e.g., BOINC) are most often centrally managed, i.e., the final result of computations is created at a central node using partial results – what may be not efficient in the case when numerous participants are willing to download the final result. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to P2P computing systems. We assume that results can be delivered to all peers in a distributed way using three types of network flows: unicast, Peer-to-Peer and anycast. We …


Assessing The Therapeutic Effect Of 630 Nm Light-Emitting Diodes Irradiation On The Recovery Of Exercise-Induced Hand Muscle Fatigue With Surface Electromyogram, Dandan Yang, Xiaoying Wu, Wensheng Hou, Xiaolin Zheng, Jun Zheng, Yingtao Jiang Jan 2012

Assessing The Therapeutic Effect Of 630 Nm Light-Emitting Diodes Irradiation On The Recovery Of Exercise-Induced Hand Muscle Fatigue With Surface Electromyogram, Dandan Yang, Xiaoying Wu, Wensheng Hou, Xiaolin Zheng, Jun Zheng, Yingtao Jiang

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Research

This paper aims to investigate the effect of light emitting diode therapy (LEDT) on exercise-induced hand muscle fatigue by measuring the surface electromyography (sEMG) of flexor digitorum superficialis. Ten healthy volunteers were randomly placed in the equal sized LEDT group and control group. All subjects performed a sustained fatiguing isometric contraction with the combination of four fingertips except thumb at 30% of maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) until exhaustion. The active LEDT or an identical passive rest therapy was then applied to flexor digitorum superficialis. Each subject was required to perform a re-fatigue task immediately after therapy which was the same …


Digital Watermarking Security, Jonathan Blake, Shahram Latifi Sep 2011

Digital Watermarking Security, Jonathan Blake, Shahram Latifi

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Research

As creative works (e.g. books, films, music, photographs) become increasingly available in digital formats in a highly connected world, it also becomes increasingly difficult to secure intellectual property rights. Digital watermarking is one potential technology to aid intellectual property owners in controlling and tracking the use of their works. Surveys the state of digital watermarking research and examines the attacks that the technology faces and how it fares against them. Digital watermarking is an inherently difficult design problem subject to many constraints. The technology currently faces an uphill battle to be secure against relatively simple attacks.


Software Development Approach For Discrete Simulators, Grzegorz Chmaj, Dawid Maksymilian Zydek Aug 2011

Software Development Approach For Discrete Simulators, Grzegorz Chmaj, Dawid Maksymilian Zydek

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Research

Simulation is the most common approach to perform the problem research. Among several types of simulation, the most common way is the discrete simulation, which assumes the division of the time scale into fixed length time slots. Depending on investigated problem, simulation packages may be used or it could be necessary to design and create own simulation system. In this paper, we propose the complete pre-study scheme and the most commonly appearing implementation problems with suggested solutions. We also describe how to implement the exemplary simulator in C++.


On Prolonging Network Lifetime Through Load-Similar Node Deployment In Wireless Sensor Networks, Qiao-Qin Li, Haigang Gong, Ming Liu, Mei Yang, Jun Zheng Mar 2011

On Prolonging Network Lifetime Through Load-Similar Node Deployment In Wireless Sensor Networks, Qiao-Qin Li, Haigang Gong, Ming Liu, Mei Yang, Jun Zheng

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Research

This paper is focused on the study of the energy hole problem in the Progressive Multi-hop Rotational Clustered (PMRC)-structure, a highly scalable wireless sensor network (WSN) architecture. Based on an analysis on the traffic load distribution in PMRC-based WSNs, we propose a novel load-similar node distribution strategy combined with the Minimum Overlapping Layers (MOL) scheme to address the energy hole problem in PMRC-based WSNs. In this strategy, sensor nodes are deployed in the network area according to the load distribution. That is, more nodes shall be deployed in the range where the average load is higher, and then the loads …


Random Approach To Optimization Of Overlay Public-Resource Computing Systems, Grzegorz Chmaj, Krzysztof Walkowiak Mar 2010

Random Approach To Optimization Of Overlay Public-Resource Computing Systems, Grzegorz Chmaj, Krzysztof Walkowiak

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Research

The growing need for computationally demanding systems triggers the development of various network-oriented computing systems organized in a distributed manner. In this work we concentrate on one kind of such systems, i.e. public-resource computing systems. The considered system works on the top of an overlay network and uses personal computers and other relatively simple electronic equipment instead of supercomputers. We assume that two kinds of network flows are used to distribute the data in the public-resource computing systems: unicast and peer-to-peer. We formulate an optimization model of the system. After that we propose random algorithms that optimize jointly the allocation …