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Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Frontiers In The Self-Assembly Of Charged Macromolecules, Khatcher O. Margossian
Frontiers In The Self-Assembly Of Charged Macromolecules, Khatcher O. Margossian
Doctoral Dissertations
The self-assembly of charged macromolecules forms the basis of all life on earth. From the synthesis and replication of nucleic acids, to the association of DNA to chromatin, to the targeting of RNA to various cellular compartments, to the astonishingly consistent folding of proteins, all life depends on the physics of the organization and dynamics of charged polymers. In this dissertation, I address several of the newest challenges in the assembly of these types of materials. First, I describe the exciting new physics of the complexation between polyzwitterions and polyelectrolytes. These materials open new questions and possibilities within the context …
Vitreous Gel Physics, Svetlana Morozova
Vitreous Gel Physics, Svetlana Morozova
Doctoral Dissertations
The transparent vitreous, which fills the posterior cavity of the eye, is incredibly engineered. The charged polyelectrolyte hyaluronic acid (HA) network swells to maintain the pressure in the eye, while stiff collagen type II bundles help absorb any external mechanical shock. Our investigations have contributed to a few key developments related to the physical properties of the vitreous: (1) The stiff collagen network that supports the soft gel network is self-assembled from single triple-helix collagen proteins. Electrostatic interactions drive this assembly, such that the size and concentration are optimized at physiological salt concentrations. The width of the assemblies remarkably changes …
Synthesis Of Biopolymer Materials Tailored For Biological Applications, Nathan P. Birch
Synthesis Of Biopolymer Materials Tailored For Biological Applications, Nathan P. Birch
Doctoral Dissertations
Biopolymers are able to address a wide variety of medical concerns from chronic wounds to stem cell cultivation to antibacterial and antifouling applications. They are non-toxic, biodegradable, and biocompatible, making them ideal candidates for creating green materials for biological applications. In this thesis, we cover the synthesis of two novel materials from the biopolymers, chitosan and pectin. Chitosan is a biocompatible antibacterial polycation and pectin is an anti-inflammatory polyanion with a strong propensity for hydrogen-bonding. The two chitosan:pectin materials, particles and hydrogels, explore some of the structures that can be created by tuning the electrostatic interactions between chitosan and pectin. …
Voltage Driven Translocation Of Polyelectrolytes Through Nanopores, Byoung-Jin Jeon
Voltage Driven Translocation Of Polyelectrolytes Through Nanopores, Byoung-Jin Jeon
Doctoral Dissertations
Recently, translocations of polyelectrolyte molecules through membrane channel protein pores or solid-state nanopores have been actively studied. Although the polymer translocation researches emerged mainly due to technological demands in terms of genome sequencing, the detailed physics of the single molecule transport through a narrow channel remains fully understood. To obtain further understanding of common features of the translocation process, this thesis focuses on the effects of salt concentration, pore-polymer electrostatic interactions, and externally applied electric field on the voltage-driven polymer translocations. The study is carried out by performing a series of systematically designed experiments using alpha-hemolysin (αHL) protein pore to …
Biomimetic Synthesis Within Polyelectrolyte Microcapsules: Characterization Of Enzyme Catalyzed Polyphenols And Polypeptides, Rohit C. Ghan
Biomimetic Synthesis Within Polyelectrolyte Microcapsules: Characterization Of Enzyme Catalyzed Polyphenols And Polypeptides, Rohit C. Ghan
Doctoral Dissertations
An enzyme-catalyzed synthesis of novel polymers within layer-by-layer (LbL) constructed polyelectrolyte microcapsules has been developed. This approach is based on the selective permeability of polyelectrolyte-capsule walls to monomer molecules. Conversely biocatalysts and forming polymeric chains cannot exit the micro-capsule interior because of their characteristic high molecular weight. Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) was encapsulated into four bilayer PSS (poly-styrenesulfonate)/PAH (poly-allylamine hydrochloride) capsules with an average diameter of 5 μm using pH-driven pore opening. The polymerization of 4-(2-Aminoethyl) phenol hydrochloride (tyramine) catalyzed by HRP produces easily detectable fluorescent polymeric products after the addition of hydrogen peroxide to the system. It is known that …