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Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Ethylene Process Optimization. Constraint Relaxation And Bounds Adjustment, Kenneth R. Jinkerson, James L. Gaddy
Ethylene Process Optimization. Constraint Relaxation And Bounds Adjustment, Kenneth R. Jinkerson, James L. Gaddy
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Heavily constrained, mixed integer optimization problems present a difficult test for optimization algorithms. This paper examines optimization of the ethylene process (from ethane) using a flowsheet simulation model and the adaptive random search. Optimization resulted in an improvement in annual earnings of $1.15 MM over the usual ethylene process design. This process has both continuous and discrete variables and has sensitive implicit constraints in the pyrolysis furnace. The search efficiency was found to be improved by relaxing these constraints early in the search and then restoring the constraints as the optimum is approached. The search efficiency was also improved by …
Film Boiling Of Freon 113, Normal Pentane, Cyclopentane And Benzene From Cylindrical Surfaces At Moderate Pressures, G. J. Capone, Efton Park
Film Boiling Of Freon 113, Normal Pentane, Cyclopentane And Benzene From Cylindrical Surfaces At Moderate Pressures, G. J. Capone, Efton Park
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
An investigation of film boiling heat transfer in saturated pools of liquid Freon 113, normal pentane, cyclopentane and benzene was conducted. The fluids were boiled from copper, cylindrical heat transfer surfaces 0.0762m (3 in) long, and 0.01397,0.01905 and 0.0254m (0.55,0.75 and 1.0 in) in diameter. The data covers a moderate range of pressures up to 1.67 (10)6 N/m2 (242.5 psia). The experimental data are compared with existing film boiling correlations. The existing film boiling correlations were found to be inadequate in predicting heat-transfer coefficients for the conditions of this investigation. © 1979.
Transport Of Oils As Oil-In-Water Emulsions, J. L. Zakin, R. Pinaire, M. E. Borgmeyer
Transport Of Oils As Oil-In-Water Emulsions, J. L. Zakin, R. Pinaire, M. E. Borgmeyer
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Turbulent flow pressure drop measurements were made for various concentrated oil-in-water emulsions which exhibit non-Newtonian behavior. The effects of oil viscosity, temperature and oil concentration on specific energy loss were evaluated. Measured turbulent friction factors consistently fell below those predicted by the Dodge and Metzner friction factor correlation, probably due to viscoelastic effects of the emulsion. Several polymer and surfactant drag reducers were tested in these emulsions, and high molecular weight polyacrylamides were found to be the most effective in further reducing pumping energy losses. The effectiveness of the polymer additives decreased with time during pump circulation. © 1979 by …
Plasma Polymerization Of Tetrafluoroethylene. Iii. Capacitive Audio Frequency (10 Khz) And Ac Discharge, N. (Nicholas) C. Morosoff, H. Yasuda, E. S. Brandt, C. N. Reilley
Plasma Polymerization Of Tetrafluoroethylene. Iii. Capacitive Audio Frequency (10 Khz) And Ac Discharge, N. (Nicholas) C. Morosoff, H. Yasuda, E. S. Brandt, C. N. Reilley
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
The plasma polymerization of tetrafluoroethylene (TFE) is studied in a capacitively coupled system with internal electrodes using a 10 kHz (af) and a 60 Hz (ac) source. The emphasis is on identifying conditions that are compatible with continuous coating of plasma polymer on a substrate moving through the center of the interelectrode gap. Operation at a pressure below 100 mTorr is most favorable for deposition of a substantial portion of the plasma polymer on this substrate. Plasma polymer deposited in this way is characterized by ESCA and by deposition rate data and compared to that deposited using rf power in …
Mechanical Degradation Of High Molecular Weight Polymers In Dilute Solution, J. F.S. Yu, J. L. Zakin, Gary Kent Patterson
Mechanical Degradation Of High Molecular Weight Polymers In Dilute Solution, J. F.S. Yu, J. L. Zakin, Gary Kent Patterson
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
The mechanical shear degradation of polydisperse Poly isobutene and monodisperse polystyrene in oils of different viscosities in the concentration range of 0.1% to 1% was studied using a high‐shear concentric cylinder viscometer under laminar and uniform well‐defined shear field conditions. Molecular weight distributions (MWDs) were measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). Degradation of polydisperse Poly isobutene solutions narrows the distributions principally through the breaking down of large molecules. Degradation of monodisperse polystyrene broadens the distributions at lower shear stress. At higher shear stresses, the distributions do not broaden as much but are still broader than those of the original polymer. …
Plasma Polymerization Of Tetrafluoroethylene. Ii. Capacitive Radio Frequency Discharge, N. (Nicholas) C. Morosoff, H. Yasuda, E. S. Brandt, C. N. Reilley
Plasma Polymerization Of Tetrafluoroethylene. Ii. Capacitive Radio Frequency Discharge, N. (Nicholas) C. Morosoff, H. Yasuda, E. S. Brandt, C. N. Reilley
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
The plasma polymerization of tetrafluoroethylene (TFE) is studied in a capacitively coupled system with internal electrodes using radio frequency (13.56 MHz) power. The emphasis is on identifying conditions that are compatible with continuous coating of plasma polymer on a substrate moving through the center of the interelectrode gap. At high pressure (500 mTorr), deposition of plasma polymer is primarily on the electrodes rather than on a substrate placed midway between electrodes. Glow is observed in only part of the interelectrode gap at low powers and fills the gap only at high power levels. The use of a magnetic field effects …