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Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Developments In And Prospects For Photocathodic And Tandem Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells, Andrew Nattestad, Ishanie Perera, Leone Spiccia
Developments In And Prospects For Photocathodic And Tandem Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells, Andrew Nattestad, Ishanie Perera, Leone Spiccia
Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers
Third generation photovoltaics are based on the concept of providing high conversion efficiencies with low device production costs. As such, second generation concepts, such as Dye-sensitized Solar Cells (DSCs), serve as a good starting point for the development of these new devices. Tandem DSC devices are one example of such a concept, and can be constructed using two photoactive electrodes (one photoanode and one photocathode) inside the one cavity, increasing the theoretical efficiency limit by around 50% as compared to the conventional design. As there has been substantial effort devoted to the development of n-type DSCs, the focus of researchers …
Nanoengineering To Achieve High Sodium Storage: A Case Study Of Carbon Coated Hierarchical Nanoporous Tio2 Microfibers, Nu Wang, Yuan Gao, Yunxiao Wang, Kai Liu, Weihong Lai, Yemin Hu, Yong Zhao, Shulei Chou, Lei Jiang
Nanoengineering To Achieve High Sodium Storage: A Case Study Of Carbon Coated Hierarchical Nanoporous Tio2 Microfibers, Nu Wang, Yuan Gao, Yunxiao Wang, Kai Liu, Weihong Lai, Yemin Hu, Yong Zhao, Shulei Chou, Lei Jiang
Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers
Nanoengineering of electrode materials can directly facilitate sodium ion accessibility and transport, thus enhancing electrochemical performance in sodium ion batteries. Here, highly sodium-accessible carbon coated nanoporous TiO2 microfibers have been synthesised via the facile electrospinning technique which can deliver an enhanced capacity of ≈167 mAh g−1 after 450 cycles at current density of 50 mA g−1 and retain a capacity of ≈71 mAh g−1 at the high current rate of 1 A g−1. With the benefits of their porous structure, thin TiO2 inner walls, and the introduction of conductive carbon, the nanoporous TiO2/C microfibers exhibit high ion accessibility, fast Na …
Mineral-Biochar Composites: Molecular Structure And Porosity, Aditya Rawal, Stephen D. Joseph, James M. Hook, Chee Chia, Paul R. Munroe, Scott Donne, Yun Lin, David Phelan, David R. G Mitchell, Ben Pace, Josip Horvat, J. Beau W. Webber
Mineral-Biochar Composites: Molecular Structure And Porosity, Aditya Rawal, Stephen D. Joseph, James M. Hook, Chee Chia, Paul R. Munroe, Scott Donne, Yun Lin, David Phelan, David R. G Mitchell, Ben Pace, Josip Horvat, J. Beau W. Webber
Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers
Dramatic changes in molecular structure, degradation pathway, and porosity of biochar are observed at pyrolysis temperatures ranging from 250 to 550 °C when bamboo biomass is pretreated by iron-sulfate-clay slurries (iron-clay biochar), as compared to untreated bamboo biochar. Electron microscopy analysis of the biochar reveals the infusion of mineral species into the pores of the biochar and the formation of mineral nanostructures. Quantitative 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy shows that the presence of the iron clay prevents degradation of the cellulosic fraction at pyrolysis temperatures of 250 °C, whereas at higher temperatures (350-550 °C), the clay promotes biomass degradation, …
Enhanced Supercapacitive Performances Of Functionalized Activated Carbon In Novel Gel Polymer Electrolytes With Ionic Liquid Redox-Mediated Poly(Vinyl Alcohol)/Phosphoric Acid, Hyun Seok Jang, C Justin Raj, Won-Gil Lee, Byung Chul Kim, Kook Hyun Yu
Enhanced Supercapacitive Performances Of Functionalized Activated Carbon In Novel Gel Polymer Electrolytes With Ionic Liquid Redox-Mediated Poly(Vinyl Alcohol)/Phosphoric Acid, Hyun Seok Jang, C Justin Raj, Won-Gil Lee, Byung Chul Kim, Kook Hyun Yu
Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers
Supercapacitors with solid/gel polymer electrolytes have attracted much attention due to their high reliability, flexibility, facile designing, being separator-free and free from electrolyte leakage and volatilization such that they can meet the increasing demands of practical applications. The present work reports on a functionalized activated carbon (AC) supercapacitor based on novel redox-mediated gel polymer electrolyte, PVA/H3PO4/ionic liquid (1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, [EMIM]BF4). The electrochemical properties of this supercapacitor were studied using cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge/discharge and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy techniques with various concentrations of [EMIM]BF4 in PVA/H3PO4 gel polymer electrolyte. The incorporation of [EMIM]BF4 in PVA/H3PO4 electrolyte effectively increased the specific capacitance …
Tin Nanoparticles Decorated Copper Oxide Nanowires For Selective Electrochemical Reduction Of Aqueous Co2 To Co, Yong Zhao, Caiyun Wang, Gordon G. Wallace
Tin Nanoparticles Decorated Copper Oxide Nanowires For Selective Electrochemical Reduction Of Aqueous Co2 To Co, Yong Zhao, Caiyun Wang, Gordon G. Wallace
Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers
A low-cost electrocatalyst comprising tin nanoparticles on copper oxide nanowires selectively converts CO2 to CO. A facile and cost-effective surface modification method, electroless deposition, is used to prepare the electrode. The hybrid electrode exhibits excellent selectivity, activity and durability at modest overpotentials. Notably, the CO faradaic efficiency can reach 90% and the CO partial current density approaches 4.5 mA cm-2 at an overpotential of 690 mV. This is comparable to some noble metal catalysts.
Fabrication And Characterisation Of Highly Stretchable Elastomeric Strain Sensors For Prosthetic Hand Applications, Solen Kumbay-Yildiz, Rahim Mutlu, Gursel Alici
Fabrication And Characterisation Of Highly Stretchable Elastomeric Strain Sensors For Prosthetic Hand Applications, Solen Kumbay-Yildiz, Rahim Mutlu, Gursel Alici
Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers
This study reports on the fabrication and response characterisation of highly stretchable strain sensors made of two commercially available silicone rubber substrates (EcoFlex 0010, and Shin-Etsu KE-441-T) engraved with microchannels, which are filled with two conductive liquids; carbon nanofibers (CNF) in poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) dispersion (PEDOT:PSS) and liquid carbon black (CB). We experimentally quantified the electromechanical response and strain sensing performance of the sensors using the metrics of linearity, hysteresis, resolution, transient properties and repeatability. We conclude that while changing the conductive liquid mainly affects the overall resistance of the sensors, the sensors made of EcoFlex have (i) overall much …
In-Plane Graphene/Boron-Nitride Heterostructures As An Efficient Metal-Free Electrocatalyst For The Oxygen Reduction Reaction, Qiao Sun, Caixia Sun, Aijun Du, S X. Dou, Zhen Li
In-Plane Graphene/Boron-Nitride Heterostructures As An Efficient Metal-Free Electrocatalyst For The Oxygen Reduction Reaction, Qiao Sun, Caixia Sun, Aijun Du, S X. Dou, Zhen Li
Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers
Exploiting metal-free catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and understanding their catalytic mechanisms are vital for the development of fuel cells (FCs). Our study has demonstrated that in-plane heterostructures of graphene and boron nitride (G/BN) can serve as an efficient metal-free catalyst for the ORR, in which the C-N interfaces of G/BN heterostructures act as reactive sites. The formation of water at the heterointerface is both energetically and kinetically favorable via a four-electron pathway. Moreover, the water formed can be easily released from the heterointerface, and the catalytically active sites can be regenerated for the next cycle. Since G/BN …
Stability Of Chemically Passivated Silicon Electrodes In Aqueous Solutions: Interplay Between Bias Voltage And Hydration Of The Electrolyte, Vinicius R. Goncales, Yanfang Wu, Bakul Gupta, Stephen G. Parker, Ying Yang, Simone Ciampi, Richard D. Tilley, J Justin Gooding
Stability Of Chemically Passivated Silicon Electrodes In Aqueous Solutions: Interplay Between Bias Voltage And Hydration Of The Electrolyte, Vinicius R. Goncales, Yanfang Wu, Bakul Gupta, Stephen G. Parker, Ying Yang, Simone Ciampi, Richard D. Tilley, J Justin Gooding
Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers
Chemical passivation of nonoxide semiconductors is a key prerequisite for electrochemical devices that operate in water-based electrolytes. Silicon remains the technologically most important material and organic monolayers based on the hydrosilylation of 1-alkynes have been shown to be a very effective approach to limit the thermodynamically favorable oxidation of the electrode, while still retaining efficient electron transfer across the solid/liquid interface. A large excess of a supporting electrolyte is always added to the solution in order to confine the applied potential gradient to the region close to the surface of the electrode. However, little is known about how the degree …
Tissue Engineering With Gellan Gum, Leo Stevens, Kerry J. Gilmore, Gordon G. Wallace, Marc In Het Panhuis
Tissue Engineering With Gellan Gum, Leo Stevens, Kerry J. Gilmore, Gordon G. Wallace, Marc In Het Panhuis
Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers
Engineering complex tissues for research and clinical applications relies on high-performance biomaterials that are amenable to biofabrication, maintain mechanical integrity, support specific cell behaviours, and, ultimately, biodegrade. In most cases, complex tissues will need to be fabricated from not one, but many biomaterials, which collectively fulfill these demanding requirements. Gellan gum is an anionic polysaccharide with potential to fill several key roles in engineered tissues, particularly after modification and blending. This review focuses on the present state of research into gellan gum, from its origins, purification and modification, through processing and biofabrication options, to its performance as a cell scaffold …
Experimental Research Of High Field Pinning Centers In 2% C Doped Mgb2 Wires At 20 K And 25 K, Daniel Gajda, Andrzej Morawski, Andrzej Janusz Zaleski, W Habler, K Nenkov, M Malecka, Matthew A. Rindfleisch, Md Shahriar Hossain, Michael Tomsic
Experimental Research Of High Field Pinning Centers In 2% C Doped Mgb2 Wires At 20 K And 25 K, Daniel Gajda, Andrzej Morawski, Andrzej Janusz Zaleski, W Habler, K Nenkov, M Malecka, Matthew A. Rindfleisch, Md Shahriar Hossain, Michael Tomsic
Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers
High field pinning centers in MgB2 doped with 2 at. % carbon under a low and a high hot isostatic pressures have been investigated by transport measurements. The field dependence of the transport critical current density was analyzed within the different pinning mechanisms: surface pinning, point pinning, and pinning due to spatial variation in the Ginzburg-Landau parameter (Δκ pinning). Research indicates that a pressure of 1 GPa allows similar pinning centers to Δκ pinning centers to be obtained. This pinning is very important, because it makes it possible to increase the critical current density in high magnetic fields at 20 …
General Synthesis Of Transition Metal Oxide Ultrafine Nanoparticles Embedded In Hierarchically Porous Carbon Nanofibers As Advanced Electrodes For Lithium Storage, Guanglin Xia, Lijun Zhang, Fang Fang, Dalin Sun, Zaiping Guo, Hua-Kun Liu, Xuebin Yu
General Synthesis Of Transition Metal Oxide Ultrafine Nanoparticles Embedded In Hierarchically Porous Carbon Nanofibers As Advanced Electrodes For Lithium Storage, Guanglin Xia, Lijun Zhang, Fang Fang, Dalin Sun, Zaiping Guo, Hua-Kun Liu, Xuebin Yu
Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers
A unique general, large-scale, simple, and cost-effective strategy, i.e., foaming-assisted electrospinning, for fabricating various transition metal oxides into ultrafine nanoparticles (TMOs UNPs) that are uniformly embedded in hierarchically porous carbon nanofibers (HPCNFs) has been developed. Taking advantage of the strong repulsive forces of metal azides as the pore generator during carbonization, the formation of uniform TMOs UNPs with homogeneous distribution and HPCNFs is simultaneously implemented. The combination of uniform ultrasmall TMOs UNPs with homogeneous distribution and hierarchically porous carbon nanofibers with interconnected nanostructure can effectively avoid the aggregation, dissolution, and pulverization of TMOs, promote the rapid 3D transport of both …
A Cytocompatible Robust Hybrid Conducting Polymer Hydrogel For Use In A Magnesium Battery, Changchun Yu, Caiyun Wang, Xiao Liu, Xiaoteng Jia, Sina Naficy, Kewei Shu, Maria Forsyth, Gordon G. Wallace
A Cytocompatible Robust Hybrid Conducting Polymer Hydrogel For Use In A Magnesium Battery, Changchun Yu, Caiyun Wang, Xiao Liu, Xiaoteng Jia, Sina Naficy, Kewei Shu, Maria Forsyth, Gordon G. Wallace
Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers
A cytocompatible robust hybrid conducting polymer hydrogel, polypyrrole/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) is developed. This hydrogel is suitable for electrode-cellular applications. It demonstrates a high battery performance when coupled with a bioresorbable Mg alloy in phosphate-buffered saline. A combination of suitable mechanical and electrochemical properties makes this hydrogel a promising material for bionic applications.
Integrated Carbon/Red Phosphorus/Graphene Aerogel 3d Architecture Via Advanced Vapor-Redistribution For High-Energy Sodium-Ion Batteries, Hong Gao, Tengfei Zhou, Yang Zheng, Yuqing Liu, Jun Chen, Hua-Kun Liu, Zaiping Guo
Integrated Carbon/Red Phosphorus/Graphene Aerogel 3d Architecture Via Advanced Vapor-Redistribution For High-Energy Sodium-Ion Batteries, Hong Gao, Tengfei Zhou, Yang Zheng, Yuqing Liu, Jun Chen, Hua-Kun Liu, Zaiping Guo
Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers
Sodium ion batteries (SIBs), a potential alternative to lithium ion batteries (LIBs), have attracted remarkable attention recently due to the abundant natural resources for their precursors and their low cost.[1-3] The requirement of feasible electrode materials with high sodium storage capacity and good cycling stability has promoted the exploration of various electrode materials for SIBs.
3-D Structured Sno2-Polypyrrole Nanotubes Applied In Na-Ion Batteries, Boyang Ruan, Haipeng Guo, Qiannan Liu, Dongqi Shi, Shulei Chou, Hua-Kun Liu, Guohua Chen, Jiazhao Wang
3-D Structured Sno2-Polypyrrole Nanotubes Applied In Na-Ion Batteries, Boyang Ruan, Haipeng Guo, Qiannan Liu, Dongqi Shi, Shulei Chou, Hua-Kun Liu, Guohua Chen, Jiazhao Wang
Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers
SnO2-coated polypyrrole (PPy) with a three-dimensional (3-D) structured nanotube network has been prepared via a facile hydrothermal method and tested as an anode material for Na-ion batteries. The crystalline SnO2 nanoparticles (less than 25 nm in size) are distributed uniformly on the surfaces of the PPy tubes. When it is used as an anode material for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs), the composite electrode can deliver a good reversible capacity of nearly 288 mA h g-1 when discharging at 100 mA g-1, with more than 69.1% capacity retention and stable coulombic efficiency of 99.6% after 150 cycles. The good electrochemical performance compared …