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Articles 31 - 60 of 66
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Towards A Personal Automatic Music Playlist Generation Alogorithm: The Need For Contextual Information, Gordon Reynolds, Dan Barry, Ted Burke, Eugene Coyle
Towards A Personal Automatic Music Playlist Generation Alogorithm: The Need For Contextual Information, Gordon Reynolds, Dan Barry, Ted Burke, Eugene Coyle
Conference papers
Large music collections afford the listener flexibility in the form of choice, which enables the listener to choose the appropriate piece of music to enhance or complement their listening scenario on-demand. However, bundled with such a large music collection is the daunting task of manually searching through each entry in the collection to find the appropriate song required by the listener. This often leaves the listener frustrated when trying to select songs from a large music collection. In this paper, an overview of existing methods for automatically generating a playlist is discussed. This discussion outlines advantages and disadvantages associated with …
Automatic Bar Line Segmentation, Mikel Gainza, Dan Barry, Eugene Coyle
Automatic Bar Line Segmentation, Mikel Gainza, Dan Barry, Eugene Coyle
Conference papers
A method that segments the audio according to the position of the bar lines is presented. The method detects musical bars that frequently repeat in different parts of a musical piece by using an audio similarity matrix. The position of each bar line is predicted by using prior information about the position of previous bar lines as well as the estimated bar length. The bar line segmentation method does not depend on the presence of percussive instruments to calculate the bar length. In addition, the alignment of the bars allows moderate tempo deviations.
Modelling And Computer Simulation Of Radarscreening Using Plasma Clouds, Jonathan Blackledge
Modelling And Computer Simulation Of Radarscreening Using Plasma Clouds, Jonathan Blackledge
Conference papers
Following a brief introduction on the principles of screening an aerospace vehicle using a plasma, we develop models for the Impulse Response Functions (IRFs) associated with microwave (Radar) back-scattering from a strong and weakly ionized plasma screen. For a weakly ionized plasma, the conductivity is determined by the number density of electrons. We develop a model for an electron beam induced plasma that includes the effect of cascade ionization and losses due to diffusion and recombination. Qualitative results are then derived for the number density of a plasma screen over a sub-sonic aerospace vehicle and a numerical simulation considered that …
Sensors For The Detection Of Hazardous Emissions, Aidan O'Dwyer
Sensors For The Detection Of Hazardous Emissions, Aidan O'Dwyer
Conference papers
This contribution will detail recent developments in sensor technology for the detection of hazardous emissions. The accurate measurement of such emissions is necessary if they are to be controlled to the appropriate regulations.
Investigation Of Fast Light In Long Optical Fibers Based On Stimulated Brillouin Scattering, Kai-Uwe Lauterback, Thomas Schneider, Ronny Henker, Marcus Junker, Max Ammann, Andreas Schwarzbacher
Investigation Of Fast Light In Long Optical Fibers Based On Stimulated Brillouin Scattering, Kai-Uwe Lauterback, Thomas Schneider, Ronny Henker, Marcus Junker, Max Ammann, Andreas Schwarzbacher
Conference papers
A simple method to generate a negative time delay in SBS-based fast-light systems using Brillouin gain and loss is shown. We achieved a maximum negative time delay of 32.4 ns in one long fiber segment.
Groundplane Dependent Performance Of Printed Antenna For Mb-Ofdm-Uwb, Sergio Curto, Matthias John, Max Ammann
Groundplane Dependent Performance Of Printed Antenna For Mb-Ofdm-Uwb, Sergio Curto, Matthias John, Max Ammann
Conference papers
A printed ultra wideband (UWB) antenna suitable for multiband orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MB-OFDM) UWB is presented in this paper. The proposed antenna covers a wide band from 3.1 GHz to 11.2 GHz. Good performance and low cost production was obtained using FR-4 substrate. An examination of the effects of ground plane dimensions on antenna properties such as gain, bandwidth and radiation pattern is made.
Stability Analysis And Control Synthesis Of Affine Fuzzy Systems, Ruiyao Gao, Aidan O'Dwyer
Stability Analysis And Control Synthesis Of Affine Fuzzy Systems, Ruiyao Gao, Aidan O'Dwyer
Conference papers
This paper presents an approach to stability analysis and control synthesis of affine fuzzy systems. The analysis is based on quadratic Lyapunov functions. The approach considers the nonlinear offset terms in affine fuzzy systems as non-vanishing perturbations added to the corresponding nominal linear blending systems. The affine fuzzy system is bounded by an ultimate limit if the corresponding linear blending system is exponentially stable. A state feedback controller with an extra term is designed with guaranteed global stability. The ultimate bounds are determined for both the open loop system and the compensated system.
Miniaturized Annular Ring Loaded Patch Antennas, Max Ammann, Xiulong Bao
Miniaturized Annular Ring Loaded Patch Antennas, Max Ammann, Xiulong Bao
Conference papers
The proliferation of wireless communication systems has promoted the development of miniaturized antenna designs. Annular ring patch antennas are reported to reduce antenna size. In this paper, several novel compact probe-fed annular-ring microstrip patch antennas are presented. In order to reduce the antenna size and provide a suitable input impedance match, two techniques are employed; the insertion of strips into the annular ring and placing a cross-slot into the ground plane. The proposed annular-ring patch antennas with a cross-slotted ground plane yield a much smaller size for a given frequency and are easily matched to 50 Ohms. These novel patch …
Transfer Function Modelling: A Student-Centred Learning Approach, Aidan O'Dwyer
Transfer Function Modelling: A Student-Centred Learning Approach, Aidan O'Dwyer
Conference papers
Traditionally, the modelling of real systems in engineering, using transfer functions, has been done in a mathematically intense manner. However, non-traditional learners such as mature students, part-time students and students without a conventional second-level educational background may not have strong mathematical foundations; in addition, all students increasingly expect technical work which is practical and which motivates independent learning. This paper reports on, reflects on and evaluates an innovative experiment developed by the author to estimate a transfer function model of a person’s eye-brain-hand motor response. In the experiment, carried out using a PC with data acquisition capability, the person is …
Experiences With Virtual Learning Environments In Control Engineering Education, Aidan O'Dwyer
Experiences With Virtual Learning Environments In Control Engineering Education, Aidan O'Dwyer
Conference papers
The twin pressures of the need for students to learn a wider variety of concepts, ideally in a self-learning mode, and the reduction in class contact time has led to the use of increased levels of information technology in control engineering education. This paper reports on, reflects on, and evaluates the author’s use of virtual laboratories (computer based laboratories available on the internet) in control engineering modules at DIT Kevin St. The use of the virtual laboratories helps in the ongoing evolution of the teaching approach from a traditional didactic lecture and laboratory course to a more learner-centred approach. The …
Development Of The Analytical Design Method For Single Stage Phase Lead And Phase Lag Compensators, Aidan O'Dwyer
Development Of The Analytical Design Method For Single Stage Phase Lead And Phase Lag Compensators, Aidan O'Dwyer
Conference papers
The design of phase lead and phase lag compensators in the frequency domain, using the Bode diagram, is a commonly used method of designing control systems and is taught in many undergraduate and postgraduate courses in control engineering. The graphical trial and error procedure used may be replaced by an analytical procedure. However, the analytical approach tends to be formulated as a “black-box” approach in textbooks, without engineering insight. This paper presents the full development of the analytical design procedure. The instructional approach has been successfully used by the author over the past two academic years.
Some Aspects Of Process Control In Semiconductor Manufacturing, Keelin Relihan, Shane Geraghty, Aidan O'Dwyer
Some Aspects Of Process Control In Semiconductor Manufacturing, Keelin Relihan, Shane Geraghty, Aidan O'Dwyer
Conference papers
This paper outlines some aspects of process control in semiconductor manufacturing. Starting with an outline of the semiconductor manufacturing process, the contribution will discuss temperature control of the chemical vapour deposition stage and the control of the wafer etching process, based on the industrial experience of the first two authors. Subsequently, the authors draw the attention of the semiconductor manufacturing community to the potential of properly tuned PID controllers for the achievement of simple and high performance control solutions.
Hazardous Emissions Monitoring And Control, Aidan O'Dwyer, Jesus Cabello
Hazardous Emissions Monitoring And Control, Aidan O'Dwyer, Jesus Cabello
Conference papers
There is an increasing awareness in society of the need to protect our fragile environment. Meeting environmental requirements is recognised as one of the six 21st century business drivers for automatic control. Chemical companies, for example, use automatic control to minimise waste production because of increasing prohibitions against discharge and/or disposal of toxic substances. New plants are moving towards a “zero-discharge” concept [1]. In a recent report [2], greater emphasis on automatic control is suggested as a technological response of both the speciality chemicals and pharmaceutical sub-sectors to key business drivers up to 2015. This contribution reports on recent developments …
Educating Engineers For The 21st. Century: And Why Some Elements Of History And Philosophy Should Be Incorporated Into The Curriculum, William Grimson, Mike Murphy, Eugene Coyle
Educating Engineers For The 21st. Century: And Why Some Elements Of History And Philosophy Should Be Incorporated Into The Curriculum, William Grimson, Mike Murphy, Eugene Coyle
Conference papers
It has been said that in some respects the Russian composer Igor Stravinsky was a magpie – borrowing styles and ideas from diverse sources for whatever musical project he was working on. The practice of engineering has this same characteristic in that it willingly takes ideas, knowledge and techniques from wherever in pursuit of completing its goal. Further, Engineering is, at least in part, in agreement with Fyodor Dostoevsky – ‘if everything on Earth were rational, nothing would happen’. Against such a background it is proposed that a framework based on both philosophy and the history of engineering, science and …
European And American Perspectives On Engineering Technology Vs Engineering Degrees, Michael Dyrenfurth, Mike Murphy, Robert Herrick, Manfred Hamann
European And American Perspectives On Engineering Technology Vs Engineering Degrees, Michael Dyrenfurth, Mike Murphy, Robert Herrick, Manfred Hamann
Conference papers
No abstract provided.
Design Of Compact Multi-Band Ebg Structures, Xiulong Bao, Max Ammann
Design Of Compact Multi-Band Ebg Structures, Xiulong Bao, Max Ammann
Conference papers
Several novel compact multiple-band high-impedance surface EBG structures are presented. By utilizing four S-shape corrugated arms or spiral arms connected to the edge of a small square patch to increase the inductance, the resonant frequency of the EBG structure can be significantly reduced. In order to broaden the width of the stopband and adjust the ratio of the centre frequencies for multi-band EBG a log periodic distance between the S-shape strips is implemented. The effects of the parameters of the EBG structure on the width of stopbands are discussed in detail. The results show that the proposed novel EBG structure …
Electromagnetic Coupling Mechanism In A Layered Human Tissue Model As Reference For 434 Mhz Medical Therapy Applicators, Sergio Curto, Max Ammann
Electromagnetic Coupling Mechanism In A Layered Human Tissue Model As Reference For 434 Mhz Medical Therapy Applicators, Sergio Curto, Max Ammann
Conference papers
In order to minimize exposure to human tissue, electromagnetic interaction with antennas has benefited from a lot of research since hand-held communication transceivers became widely used consumer products. On the other hand, medical applications have been exploiting the ISM (industrial scientific and medical standard) 434 MHz frequency band for therapeutic applications such as hyperthermia. Various antennas have been used in hyperthermia applicators but advanced designs depend on improved knowledge of the radiated antenna modes and interacting influence of human tissue. As a preliminary step towards analyzing antennas interacting with tissues in the near- and far-fields, this study reports on the …
Dual Frequency Dual Circularly-Polarised Patch Antenna With Wide Beamwidth, Xiulong Bao, Max Ammann
Dual Frequency Dual Circularly-Polarised Patch Antenna With Wide Beamwidth, Xiulong Bao, Max Ammann
Conference papers
A novel probe-fed single-layer annular-ring patch antenna for dual-frequency circular polarization is evaluated numerically and experimentally verified. The proposed antenna consists of a small circular patch surrounded by two concentric annular-rings, which is loaded by an unequal lateral cross-slot ground plane. The circularly-polarized frequency ratio of the two resonant modes is tunable to a small value, suitable for wireless communications systems. The patch size of the proposed antenna is reduced by about 53% compared to the conventional circular patch at a given frequency. The radiation characteristics of the novel antenna are also presented.
Enhancement Of Maximum Time Delay In One Fiber Segment Slow Light Systems Based On Stimulated Brillouin Scattering, Ronny Henker, Thomas Schneider, Markus Junker, Kai-Uwe Lauterbach, Max Ammann, Andreas Schwarzbacher
Enhancement Of Maximum Time Delay In One Fiber Segment Slow Light Systems Based On Stimulated Brillouin Scattering, Ronny Henker, Thomas Schneider, Markus Junker, Kai-Uwe Lauterbach, Max Ammann, Andreas Schwarzbacher
Conference papers
An effective method to enhance the time delay in SBS-based slow-light systems by decoupling the delay from the Brillouin gain is shown. A drastic improvement of the time delay in one fiber segment was achieved.
Inset-Fed Mircrostrip Patch Antenna With Integrated Polycrystalline Photovoltaic Solar Cell, S. Shynu, Maria Roo Ons, Max Ammann, Sarah Gallagher, Brian Norton
Inset-Fed Mircrostrip Patch Antenna With Integrated Polycrystalline Photovoltaic Solar Cell, S. Shynu, Maria Roo Ons, Max Ammann, Sarah Gallagher, Brian Norton
Conference papers
A novel method of integrating microstrip patch antennas and polycrystalline silicon solar cells for application in autonomous communication systems is presented. The DC and RF functions are intimately linked, by using the silver DC bus bars of the solar cell as the ground plane of the microstrip patch. The performance of the solar antenna is compared with standard microstrip patch. Detailed studies of the effect of the solar cell on the microstrip antenna are then carried out. The effects of solar cell integration, DC loading and variation in incident photon intensity of the silicon layer on the performance of the …
High Quality Millimeter Wave Generation Via Stimulated Brillouin Scattering, Marcus Junker, Thomas Schneider, Kai-Uwe Lauterbach, Ronny Henker, Max Ammann, Andreas Schwarzbacher
High Quality Millimeter Wave Generation Via Stimulated Brillouin Scattering, Marcus Junker, Thomas Schneider, Kai-Uwe Lauterbach, Ronny Henker, Max Ammann, Andreas Schwarzbacher
Conference papers
A new and simple method for the generation and modulation of Millimeter waves is presented. Based on frequency upconversion via Stimulated Brillouin Scattering, it is very flexible in its output frequency and modulation bandwidth.
Printed Band-Rejection Uwb Antenna With H-Shaped Slot, Xiulong Bao, Max Ammann
Printed Band-Rejection Uwb Antenna With H-Shaped Slot, Xiulong Bao, Max Ammann
Conference papers
The development of the high data rate wireless communication systems, has placed significant demands on antenna designers, in particular, the requirement for smaller elements with broader bandwidths. In this paper, a novel UWB antenna with notch-band frequency is studied. Effects of the various parameters for antenna performances are also discussed. An optimized compact UWB antenna with notch-frequency function is fabricated and experimentally examined. The measured results show the proposed UWB antenna can achieve a return loss greater than 10 db over an ultrawide bandwidth, of 9.8 GHz, from 2.97 GHz to 12.77 GHz with a tunable notch-frequency band of 5.15 …
Some Techniques To Improve Small Groundplane Printed Monopole Performance, Max Ammann, Matthias John
Some Techniques To Improve Small Groundplane Printed Monopole Performance, Max Ammann, Matthias John
Conference papers
Printed planar monopole antennas are enjoying considerable popularity and publicity to their low-profile, wide bandwidth, quasi-omnidirectional radiation characteristics and their ease of integratability into devices. The impedance bandwidth and radiation properties of a strip monopole have been shown to be heavily dependent on groundplane size. The groundplane (GP) is of primary importance and when miniaturised, the antenna properties change significantly. Techniques to improve the performance of printed antennas on small groundplanes are presented.
Slow And Fast-Light In Optical Fibers: An Overview, Ronny Henker, Thomas Schneider, Kai-Uwe Lauterbach, Markus Junker, Max Ammann, Andreas Schwarzbacher
Slow And Fast-Light In Optical Fibers: An Overview, Ronny Henker, Thomas Schneider, Kai-Uwe Lauterbach, Markus Junker, Max Ammann, Andreas Schwarzbacher
Conference papers
Slow- and fast-light is the control of the velocity of light in a medium by light. As a fascinating new field in physics there is a fundamental interest on this effect on the one side, but on the other side there exist a lot of practical applications for telecommunication and information systems. Among these are optical signal processing, the radio frequency-photonics, nonlinear optics and spectroscopy in time domain. Furthermore, the slow- and fast-light effect can be seen as a key technology for optical delay lines, buffers, equalizers and synchronizers in packed switched networks. To realize the effect there are different …
Spline Based Geometry For Printed Uwb Antenna Design, Matthias John, Max Ammann
Spline Based Geometry For Printed Uwb Antenna Design, Matthias John, Max Ammann
Conference papers
This paper presents a geometry for ultra-wideband (UWB) antennas which is based on quadratic Bezier spline curves. A genetic algorithm (GA) is used to optimise the geometry. The search space for the GA is minimised in order to improve the performance and computational efficiency of the algorithm. The optimised antenna covers the entire UWB bandwidth.
Identification Of A Time-Delayed Process Model Using An Overparameterisation Method, John Roe, Ruiyao Gao, Aidan O'Dwyer
Identification Of A Time-Delayed Process Model Using An Overparameterisation Method, John Roe, Ruiyao Gao, Aidan O'Dwyer
Conference papers
An extensive literature exists on the estimation of the model parameters of time-delayed processes. This paper briefly reviews the main overparameterisation methods for the Single-Input, Single Output (SISO) and Multi-Input, Multi-Output (MIMO) model parameter (and time delay) estimation problem. Subsequently, two algorithms, and their modifications, are discussed, and their performances are assessed in simulation. Results indicate that both the algorithms can suitably identify the model parameters, including the time delay. The third author has taught the method successfully to students taking advanced level control courses at DIT for a number of years; these experiences will be briefly reported. The paper …
Using Controller Tuning Formulae To Improve Performance, Aidan O'Dwyer
Using Controller Tuning Formulae To Improve Performance, Aidan O'Dwyer
Conference papers
The proportional integral derivative (PID) controller is the most dominant form of automatic controller in industrial use today. With this device, it is necessary to adjust the controller parameters according to the nature of the process. Thus, for effective control of a HVDC system, for example, specific values need to be chosen for the P, I and D parameters, which will be different for the values required to control, for example, an induction motor drive. This tailoring of controller to process is known as controller tuning. Controller tuning is easily and effectively performed using tuning rules (i.e. formulae for controller …
Biotechnology, Life Sciences And Control Engineering:Some Synthesis Issues, Aidan O'Dwyer
Biotechnology, Life Sciences And Control Engineering:Some Synthesis Issues, Aidan O'Dwyer
Conference papers
The synthesis of biotechnology, life sciences and control engineering is receiving increasing interest. The purpose of this contribution (and the associated poster) is to raise awareness of some of this synthesis work.
Key Signature Estimation, Matt Cranitch, Derry Fitzgerald, Matthew Hart
Key Signature Estimation, Matt Cranitch, Derry Fitzgerald, Matthew Hart
Conference papers
The problem of automatic key signature detection has been the focus of much research in recent years. Previous methods of key estimation have focused on chromagrams and key profiling techniques. This paper presents a remarkably simple but effective method of estimating key signature from musical recordings. The algorithm introduces the "keyogram", a concept resembling the chromagram, and is aimed for use on traditional Irish music. The keyogram is a measure of the likelihood of each possible major key signature based on a masked scoring system.
Time Signature Detection By Using A Multi Resolution Audio Similarity Matrix, Mikel Gainza, Eugene Coyle
Time Signature Detection By Using A Multi Resolution Audio Similarity Matrix, Mikel Gainza, Eugene Coyle
Conference papers
A method that estimates the time signature of a piece of music is presented. The approach exploits the repetitative structure of most music, where the same musical bar is repeated in different parts of a piece. The method utilised a multi-resolution audio similarity matrix approach, which allows comparisons between longer audio segments (bars) by combining comparisons of shorter segments (fraction of a note). The time signature method only depends on musical structure, and does not depend on the presence of percussive instruments or strong musical accents.