Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Publication
Articles 61 - 90 of 289
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Hazardous Waste Disposal Site Hydrogeologic Characterization, S. M. Testa
Hazardous Waste Disposal Site Hydrogeologic Characterization, S. M. Testa
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
A major hazardous waste disposal facility near Arlington, Oregon serving the Pacific Northwest, Canada, and Alaska maintains numerous favorable environmental characteristics for siting of a hazardous waste disposal facility. The risk of contamination as a result of potential leakage from a waste management unit via primary pathways to surface water, groundwater or by direct contact and/or ingestion is thus reasonably low. However, these same characteristics which make the site most suitable for hazardous waste disposal often conflict with: 1) the demonstration of the groundwater monitoring system's ability to adequately perform immediate leak detection monitoring as mandated under the Resource Conservation …
Implementation Of Remedial Measures To Contain A Pcb Spill, M. D. Huag, J. Atwater, R. B. Knight, P. Kozicki, A. Lissey
Implementation Of Remedial Measures To Contain A Pcb Spill, M. D. Huag, J. Atwater, R. B. Knight, P. Kozicki, A. Lissey
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
A large spill of Polychlorinated Biphenols (PCB's) occurred at Federal Pioneer Limited's Regina Plant in 1976. The City of Regina is underlain by a relatively shallow aquifer which supplies a significant proportion of its drinking water. A remedial measures plan was developed to contain this spill within the boundaries of the site and clean up any contamination which had spread to adjacent property. The remedial measures plan developed involved limiting or reversing the normal downward hydraulic gradient. The three principle measures introduced to accomplish this reversal included the construction of a cutoff wall around the site, installation of a thick …
Performance Of Lightweight Waste-Impoundment Dikes, Peter J. Bosscher, Tuncer B. Edil
Performance Of Lightweight Waste-Impoundment Dikes, Peter J. Bosscher, Tuncer B. Edil
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The containment dikes of two sludge disposal lagoons were founded on low strength, highly compressible wetland soils in Madison, Wisconsin. These lagoons, constructed in 1942 and 1967 respectively, encompass 130 acres of digested sludge produced at the sewage treatment plant. The dikes have experienced two previous failures in 1970 and 1973. A dike rehabilitation program was initiated in 1976 to prevent additional failures. New dikes were built using wood chips as a lightweight fill. Non-woven synthetic filter fabric was used to prevent soil intrusion into the chips and to provide resistance to lateral spreading. An investigation was initiated in 1984 …
Site Of An Oil Producing Property, H. Dezfulian
Site Of An Oil Producing Property, H. Dezfulian
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
An assessment of a 6.78-acre parcel of oil-producing land with one active, seven idle, and two abandoned oil wells was performed. Following the collection and review of site data, an evaluation was made of the toxic properties of on-site soils for the presence of hazardous substances. Soil samples were collected by advancing boreholes at eight locations. These locations were selected on the bas is of the results of an aerial photographs review, a geophysical survey, and statistical sampling design techniques. An analytical program was conducted to test for chemicals that would likely be present from the oil field operations. It …
Use Of Deeply Weathered Rock As Landfill Cover Material, Patacon Landfill, Republic Of Panama, W. C. B. Gates
Use Of Deeply Weathered Rock As Landfill Cover Material, Patacon Landfill, Republic Of Panama, W. C. B. Gates
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Under normal conditions weathered rock provides poor landfill cover because of its permeable nature. However, a recent hydrogeological investigation conducted by the US Army Environmental Hygiene Agency (AEHA) of the Patacon Landfill in the Republic of Panama revealed the contrary. The operators were using weathered rock from the surrounding saprolitic outcrops of the Panama formation and Tertiary andesite intrusions for landfill cover. The AEHA selected samples of the weathered rock from the borrow sites for engineering tests at their soils engineering lab at Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland. The following are test results. Water induces the weathered rock to slake very …
A Case History Of Tehri Tunnels, B. Prabhakar, J. L. Jethwa, B. Singh
A Case History Of Tehri Tunnels, B. Prabhakar, J. L. Jethwa, B. Singh
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Tehri Dam Project, a multipurpose river valley project, is being constructed in Garhwal, Himalaya. The project consists of a 260 m high earth and rock fill dam with a clay core, four diversion tunnels each of 11 m finish diameter, four head race tunnels each of 8.5 m finish diameter and two underground powerhouses cavities each measuring 180 m long, 49.5 m high and 21.5 m wide. The project is located near the district headquarters of Tehri in the state of Uttar Pradesh. The rock masses in the project area are fragile, tectonically active and geologically disturbed. The terrain is …
A Geological Appraisal Of Slope Instability And Proposed Remedial Measures At Kaliasaur Slide On National Highway, Garwal Himalaya, G. S. Mehrotra, R. K. Bhandari
A Geological Appraisal Of Slope Instability And Proposed Remedial Measures At Kaliasaur Slide On National Highway, Garwal Himalaya, G. S. Mehrotra, R. K. Bhandari
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
For over six decades Kaliasaur landslide (Lat. 30° 14' 30" N, Long. 78° 55' 50" E) is a nightmare on the Hardwar-Badrinath road in the Garhwal Himalaya. Located on a sharp bend on the left bank of river Alaknanda, it has emerged as a multi-tier repetitive major landslide, retrogressive in nature. Both surficial and deep seated movements have been monitored. The sliding in the upper layers have been predominantly in the colluvium but where interfaces of quartzite and shale participates, the sliding surfaces have been better defined and discrete. In the present paper, the authors have highlighted the geological, geomorphological …
A Novel Low Cost Drum Diaphragm Wall For Landslide Control In The Himalaya, R. K. Bhandari
A Novel Low Cost Drum Diaphragm Wall For Landslide Control In The Himalaya, R. K. Bhandari
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Construction of masonry and reinforced cement concrete .retaining walls are common as a measure of landslide control in the Himalayan region. They are usually very expensive and call for import of cement, steel, stones, sand and water from long distances. The paper spotlights a novel technology of constructing anchored drum diaphragm retaining walls which make use of slope waste material itself for wall construction, saving to the tune of 40 per cent in cost. Utilization of slope debris in turn minimizes hazards due to debris flow, rockfalls, etc. and other mass movements.
A Study Of A Road Landslide In Puerto Rico, C. Rodriguez-Pérez, L. Vázquez Castillo, C. Rodriguez-Molina, A. Vázquez Castillo
A Study Of A Road Landslide In Puerto Rico, C. Rodriguez-Pérez, L. Vázquez Castillo, C. Rodriguez-Molina, A. Vázquez Castillo
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Numerous landslides have plagued the construction of a 1.3 mile road sector in the mountainous region of central Puerto Rico. The area is underlain by a sequence of landslide deposits overlying a muddy limestone and hard overconsolidated clayey soils. Landslides have occurred in both cuts and fills that have delayed the road construction for a period of more than two years, bringing as a result, great economic losses for the Puerto Rico Highway Authority. The landslide trigger mechanism has been intimately related to high rainfall, commonly observed in this region. The geotechnical and geological studies performed previous to the construction …
Case History Of Maneri-Uttarkashi Power Tunnel, R. K. Goel, J. L. Jethwa, B. Singh
Case History Of Maneri-Uttarkashi Power Tunnel, R. K. Goel, J. L. Jethwa, B. Singh
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
A 8.56 km long circular tunnel of 4.75 m diameter has been constructed under Maneri hydel project on the river Bhagirathi. The tunnel passes alternatively through quartzitic and metabasic rock formations of the young Himalayan terrain. Tunnel excavation was started from four faces, one at the upstream end at maneri, two from an intermediate adit at Heena, and one at the downstream end near Uttarkashi where a 80 MW surface powerhouse is located. In excavating the tunnel from different faces, the problems of tunnel face collapse with heavy ingress of water, cavity formations and large tunnel closures leading to buckling …
Case Study – Ground Failures And Ruptures In Xian City, Zhong-Qi Wang, Rong-Xiang Zhang
Case Study – Ground Failures And Ruptures In Xian City, Zhong-Qi Wang, Rong-Xiang Zhang
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Xian city, the most well known ancient city of China for her incredible Terra Cotta Warriers and so forth, has been suffered from ground fracture for years. Surface ruptures and "faultings" encountered in strips all over the city. Hundreds of buildings were severely destroyed and many of them even have been demolished. Ground failures wide-spread and enlarged from time to time, especially right from Tangshan earthquake of July 28, 1976. Therefore serious concerns and suspicious of being associated with major earthquakes have arosed. Thus it has been a problem of both engineering and social influence. Like many other cities in …
Construction Of Hydel Power House In Weak Rocks, K. K. Kapoor, S. C. Patodiya
Construction Of Hydel Power House In Weak Rocks, K. K. Kapoor, S. C. Patodiya
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Geological uncertainties have always played an important role in planning of a hydel power house. This paper presents case study of a power house which was subjected to major revisions in its planning due to inherent instabilities in rock slopes. Initially the power house was planned with service bay and other facilities on its left hand side, but the weak and instable slopes and sliding of large rock masses necessitated its thorough revision by bringing service bay and other facilities to its right hand side along with addition of many new features and flattening of slopes. There were many alternatives …
Coring Of Soft Soil-Like Rock Material, Marc C. Bétournay, C. Mirza, K. C. Lau
Coring Of Soft Soil-Like Rock Material, Marc C. Bétournay, C. Mirza, K. C. Lau
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
A new coring technique is described for the sampling of highly altered rock. This and an innovative field survey method were developed to supply valid and representative data for numerical modelling of openings in this soil-like material. The results were not only reflective of in situ behaviour, but successful enough to be adopted for the sampling and modelling of other highly altered surface crown pillar masses, mining structures in need of better design methods.
Distress In A Hill And Remedial Measures, N. M. Patel
Distress In A Hill And Remedial Measures, N. M. Patel
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The paper presents a case study of a hill which developed signs of distress in 1979-80. Retaining and breast walls provided at many locations on the hill had been damaged and laterally shifted, indicating some movement in the hill. It created anxiety since big water tanks were supported on top of the bill. The distress in the bill were attributed to poor drainage of hill water, weaker sections of walls, dumping of loose lateritic material on the slopes, formation of erosion gullies etc. The bill was stabilized by removing these signs of distress with suitable remedial measures which are functioning …
Effects Of Geology And Geotechnical Properties Of Rocks For The Selection Of Type Of Dams, Baqir Hasan
Effects Of Geology And Geotechnical Properties Of Rocks For The Selection Of Type Of Dams, Baqir Hasan
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The topography, geology, foundation conditions and geotechnical properties of the rock units play a dominant role in the selection of type of a dam. It is usually difficult to determine initially, what particular type of dam is technically feasible and economically viable, for a particular dam site. In selecting the most suitable type of dam, a thorough consideration is given to the characteristic of each type of dam. Before the final selection of the type of dam, detailed evaluation is made of location, topography, geology, foundation condition, geological structure, seismicity, depth of the overburden in the valley section, geotechnical properties …
Engineering Design Of Rock Slope Reinforcement Based On Non-Linear Joint Strength Model, Stavros C. Bandis
Engineering Design Of Rock Slope Reinforcement Based On Non-Linear Joint Strength Model, Stavros C. Bandis
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Optimum dimensioning of bolts or anchors for the reinforcement of slopes in jointed rock masses, requires compatible strength-deformation data, for both the rock joints and the reinforcing elements. Most types of rock joints behave in non- linear fashion and, thus, realistic modelling can have serious implications in the design, both from the economical and the technical standpoints. This paper will present, briefly, the principles of a constitutive model of joint shear behaviour and a method for optimum bolt or anchor design. The implications of non-linear joint behaviour will be demonstrated with numerical examples. Finally, a case study of slope stabilization, …
Evaluation Of The Site Investigation And Construction Related Aspects Of The Milwaukee's Crosstown Deep Tunnel, R. C. Ilsley, S. B. Fradkin, E. F. Shorey
Evaluation Of The Site Investigation And Construction Related Aspects Of The Milwaukee's Crosstown Deep Tunnel, R. C. Ilsley, S. B. Fradkin, E. F. Shorey
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The excavation of the 21,300 foot long, 32.33 foot diameter Crosstown Phase I Tunnel was completed by tunnel boring machine at an average rate of 108 feet per 3 shift day. No geologic conditions were encountered which were sufficiently adverse to impede the work. The geotechnical report combined with contract provisions prevented the unusual conditions encountered from becoming issues that delayed the work. It is probable that the monetary aspects related to these unusual conditions can be equitably resolved using the geotechnical data “base line” portrayed in the geotechnical report.
Failure Of A Transport Tunnel Below A Dolomite Stockpile, B. B. Broms, Y. S. Lau
Failure Of A Transport Tunnel Below A Dolomite Stockpile, B. B. Broms, Y. S. Lau
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The failure of a 3 m x 4 m transport tunnel constructed below a dolomite stockpile has been investigated. It was found that the cracking of the reinforced concrete lining had most likely been caused by lateral distortion (sidesway) of the tunnel. The transverse shears across the tunnel roof and in the residual soil below the stockpile caused by the sloping stockpile were very high. The average shear stress even exceeded the shear strength of the weathered material around the tunnel. It is thus important to consider the transverse shear forces across the roof slab and the horizontal shear stresses …
Foundation Failures Associated With Salt Rock And Surrounding Coastal Plain, A. Orhan Erol, Abdulmohsin W. Dhowian
Foundation Failures Associated With Salt Rock And Surrounding Coastal Plain, A. Orhan Erol, Abdulmohsin W. Dhowian
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
A detailed investigation has been conducted to study the causes of severe and widespread damages in a town situated on a salt dome. The study includes a thorough assessment of ground conditions in the coastal plain surrounding the salt dome for possible utilization of the plain as redevelopment areas. Major geological features in the study area comprised of collapsible windblown sands which are underlain by salt rock in the old town and soft/loose sabkha deposits in the proposed redevelopment zones. It has been found that the extensive damages in the buildings and roads are primarily due to subsidence phenomenon associated …
Foundation Investigation And Treatment For The Main Dam, Italpu Project, John G. Cabrera
Foundation Investigation And Treatment For The Main Dam, Italpu Project, John G. Cabrera
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
After selection of the site for this major hydroelectric project on the Upper Parana River, initial borings in the river bed revealed an extremely fractured zone near the base of the dense basalt flow on which the main dam would be founded. This zone was later seen to correspond to intersecting faults beneath the river bed, therefore upon dewatering the river channel several exploratory tunnels were driven parallel and perpendicular to the dam axis, foreseeing their incorporation into an elaborate "shear key" system to prevent renewed movements of the shear zones. The tunnel grid was backfilled with concrete through holes …
Geo-Engineering Problems In The Spillway Foundations And Their Treatment At Guhai Reservoir Project In Gujurat, India, D. M. Pancholi, K. E. Modhwadia, P. H. Vaidya
Geo-Engineering Problems In The Spillway Foundations And Their Treatment At Guhai Reservoir Project In Gujurat, India, D. M. Pancholi, K. E. Modhwadia, P. H. Vaidya
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
During the initial stage of construction of a 23 m high composite dam across the Guhai river, the downstream dipping sedimentary rock sequence of conglomerate, sandstone and shale resting unconformably over quartzite and schist was encountered as a surprise during the excavation of the foundation. Besides, an 8 to 8.5 m wide major fault zone along with three minor faults running across the dam axis were also noticed. Extensive subsurface investigations to study the nature and characteristics of sedimentary rocks, fault zones, etc. met with in the foundations were undertaken concurrently with the construction activity. As a result, the construction …
Geotechnical Characterization Of Subsoil Deposits At Cairo, Mohamed A. El-Sohby, S. Ossama Mazen
Geotechnical Characterization Of Subsoil Deposits At Cairo, Mohamed A. El-Sohby, S. Ossama Mazen
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
As a result of considering the historical aspects in Cairo subsoil at different stages of its development, soil deposits in the alluvial plain in Cairo area could be identified and classified on their origin into limited number of major types. Their distribution could be produced on maps on which classes of engineering significance are recognized. The boundaries between map units have been drawn separating areas of equal origin and characteristics. Verification of soil profile from field investigation indicated complete agreement with the previous characterization based on theoretical considerations.
Ground Failure Investigation Over Abandoned Coal Mines: A Case Study, Marlo G. Karfakis, Bruce A. Suprenant
Ground Failure Investigation Over Abandoned Coal Mines: A Case Study, Marlo G. Karfakis, Bruce A. Suprenant
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The slurry backfill operation for the Rock Springs subsidence control project is briefly described. The extent of ground failure and building damage is presented. The scope of the ensuing geotechnical investigation to indicate any possible cause and effect relationship between the pumped slurry backfill operation and observed damage is described. The general and specific findings regarding the damaged area are discussed. Conclusions from the investigation are presented.
Grouting A Water Tower Foundation In A Carbonate Formation, Dorairaja Raghu, David Antes, Joseph J. Lifrieri
Grouting A Water Tower Foundation In A Carbonate Formation, Dorairaja Raghu, David Antes, Joseph J. Lifrieri
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Grouting the cavities in cavernous carbonate formations is one of the techniques employed to achieve reliable bearing support for structures founded in and on such rock units. For this purpose, conventional exploration methods, such as test borings and geophysical measurements, can be employed to obtain the necessary subsurface data; but, they are usually limited in extent, expensive, time consuming, and can be misleading. These limitations can be overcome by employing percussion probing techniques. A case history is cited wherein percussion probing was successfully employed.
Johnston City School, Mine Subsidence Or Shallow Foundation Problem?, Alphonse C. Van Besien, Nolan B. Aughenbaugh
Johnston City School, Mine Subsidence Or Shallow Foundation Problem?, Alphonse C. Van Besien, Nolan B. Aughenbaugh
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Johnston City, a small community in southern Illinois, lies above the Herrin (Illinois No. 6) coal seam. The community has experienced sporadic episodes of surface subsidence due to the collapse of underground mines since the 1930's. Although the mining company left a large block of coal beneath the town's elementary school to prevent subsidence damage to the structure, large cracks appeared in the school building in December, 1971. After the building was razed, construction of a new school was initiated in 1974. Approximately six months after the start of construction, new evidence of structural distress was observed in 'the still-uncompleted …
Lithotectonic Landslides And Hazards In Parts Of Garhwal-Kumaon Himalayas, R. S. Mithal
Lithotectonic Landslides And Hazards In Parts Of Garhwal-Kumaon Himalayas, R. S. Mithal
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Landslides produce an awesome picture of the hill sides with steep scarred, hollowed and gullied geomorphic features devoid of vegetation particularly between the major thrust zones. A look on the tectono-stratigraphic map of the region with marked major tectonic features like the Main Central Thrust (MCT), North Almora Thrust (NAT) and South Almora Thrust (SAT) indicates that the region is highly prone to landslides and is affected by repeated tectonic and orogenic processes. These factors with the nature of the rocks, climate and the heavy monsoon rains are responsible for sculpturing the region. The mountain features and the valley slopes …
Microseismic Activity In An Open Pit Lignite Mine, J. M. Descour, R. J. Miller
Microseismic Activity In An Open Pit Lignite Mine, J. M. Descour, R. J. Miller
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
An increased level of horizontal stress related to tectonic forces is often held responsible for unexpectedly strong mining induced seismicity. The authors use the Belchatow open pit lignite 'mine in central Poland to show that this seismicity can be explained without tectonic forces as well. The presented approach should offer affordable ways of detecting the problem before it occurs, and either preventing it or controlling its scale.
On A New Problem Of High-Speed Landslides, Hu Guangtao
On A New Problem Of High-Speed Landslides, Hu Guangtao
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
This paper has discussed the problem proposed about multiple stroke of high-speed landslides its multiple strokes 1 change of energy, and overstepping gas billows spattered with mud.
Performance Of Some Tunnels In Squeezing Rocks Of Himalayas, T. Ramamurthy, V. M. Sharma
Performance Of Some Tunnels In Squeezing Rocks Of Himalayas, T. Ramamurthy, V. M. Sharma
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Data regarding the performance of three tunnelling projects in the Himalayan region has been collected. It is seen that rock loads or deformations calculated on the basis of Barton, Bieniawski or RMR approach do not match the field data. A mathematical model has been developed incorporating modifications in the approach of Brown et.al of rock-support interaction, using elastic-strain softening-plastic ground characteristics. A non-linear relationship between radial and tangential strains around the tunnel has been considered and the method of calculation of stresses and deformations altered to incorporate exact integration of the governing differential equation for a thin cylindrical annulus replacing …
Prevision Of The Bearing Capacity Of Superficial Foundation On Jointed Rock, Marangos Christos
Prevision Of The Bearing Capacity Of Superficial Foundation On Jointed Rock, Marangos Christos
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The article describes the application, in Greece, of an approximate resolution of the prevision of the superficial foundation bearing capacity of a school building group on jointed granite. The method is based on the mechanics of the discontinuous media. On a sufficient number of a canvas points which is situated on the critical section under the foundation, the developing shear stresses are defined, based on the elastic theory, and they are compared with the variable -into the various directions- shear strength of the jointed rock. The resulted data conduct to the setting of boundaries of plastic zones which allow the …