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Articles 1 - 30 of 33
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Feasibility Of Using An Equilibrium Point Strategy To Control Reaching Movements Of Paralyzed Arms With Functional Electrical Stimulation, Matthew Huffman
Feasibility Of Using An Equilibrium Point Strategy To Control Reaching Movements Of Paralyzed Arms With Functional Electrical Stimulation, Matthew Huffman
ETD Archive
Functional electrical stimulation (FES) is a technology capable of improving the quality of life for those with the loss of limb movement related to spinal cord injuries. Individuals with high-level tetraplegia, in particular, have lost all movement capabilities below the neck. FES has shown promise in bypassing spinal cord damage by sending electrical impulses directly to a nerve or muscle to trigger a desired function. Despite advancements in FES, full-arm reaching motions have not been achieved, leaving patients unable to perform fundamental tasks such as eating and grooming. To overcome the inability in current FES models to achieve multi-joint coordination, …
Improving The Security Of Mobile Devices Through Multi-Dimensional And Analog Authentication, Jonathan Gurary
Improving The Security Of Mobile Devices Through Multi-Dimensional And Analog Authentication, Jonathan Gurary
ETD Archive
Mobile devices are ubiquitous in today's society, and the usage of these devices for secure tasks like corporate email, banking, and stock trading grows by the day. The first, and often only, defense against attackers who get physical access to the device is the lock screen: the authentication task required to gain access to the device. To date mobile devices have languished under insecure authentication scheme offerings like PINs, Pattern Unlock, and biometrics-- or slow offerings like alphanumeric passwords. This work addresses the design and creation of five proof-of-concept authentication schemes that seek to increase the security of mobile authentication …
Characterizing The Effects Of High-Intensity Exercise On Balance And Gait Under Dual-Task Conditions In Parkinson’S Disease, El Iva Baron
Characterizing The Effects Of High-Intensity Exercise On Balance And Gait Under Dual-Task Conditions In Parkinson’S Disease, El Iva Baron
ETD Archive
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by four cardinal motor symptoms including bradykinesia, tremor, rigidity, and postural instability, and non-motor symptoms including cognitive impairment. Daily activities, such as walking and maintaining balance, are impacted due to impairments in motor function, and are further exacerbated with the addition of cognitive loading, or dual-tasking (DT). High-intensity exercise has demonstrated centrally-mediated improvements of PD symptoms, with additional positive effects on overall health. The goal of this project was to identify changes in dynamic balance recovery and gait function under conditions with and without increased cognitive load after a high-intensity exercise intervention …
Limits Of Small Scale Pressure Swing Adsorption, Aaron A. Moran
Limits Of Small Scale Pressure Swing Adsorption, Aaron A. Moran
ETD Archive
Portable or small scale pressure swing adsorption (PSA) systems have gained increasing popularity in both industry and literature due to the commercial success of personal oxygen concentrators (POCs). While these processes have much in common with larger PSA systems, significant differences exist that make understanding process limitations difficult. These include faster cycle times, smaller adsorbent particles, and a reduced column size. Macropore diffusion is traditionally assumed to control the mass transfer rate in columns packed with zeolite particles in an oxygen production process. While numerous studies have confirmed this assumption for the particle size used in industrial size PSA processes, …
Neuromuscular Reflex Control For Prostheses And Exoskeletons, Sandra K. Hnat
Neuromuscular Reflex Control For Prostheses And Exoskeletons, Sandra K. Hnat
ETD Archive
Recent powered lower-limb prosthetic and orthotic (P/O) devices aim to restore legged mobility for persons with an amputation or spinal cord injury. Though various control strategies have been proposed for these devices, specifically finite-state impedance controllers, natural gait mechanics are not usually achieved. The goal of this project was to invent a biologically-inspired controller for powered P/O devices. We hypothesize that a more muscle-like actuation system, including spinal reflexes and vestibular feedback, can achieve able-bodied walking and also respond to outside perturbations. The outputs of the Virtual Muscle Reflex (VMR) controller are joint torque commands, sent to the electric motors …
Human Activity Tracking And Recognition Using Kinect Sensor, Roanna Lun
Human Activity Tracking And Recognition Using Kinect Sensor, Roanna Lun
ETD Archive
The objective of this dissertation research is to use Kinect sensor, a motion sensing input device, to develop an integrated software system that can be used for tracking non-compliant activity postures of consented health-care workers for assisting the workers' compliance to best practices, allowing individualized gestures for privacy-aware user registration, movement recognition using rule-based algorithm, real-time feedback, and exercises data collection. The research work also includes developing a graphical user interface and data visualization program for illustrating statistical information for administrator, as well as utilizing cloud based database system used for data resource.
Non-Intrusive Optical Measurement Of Electron Temperature In Near Field Plume Of Hall Thruster, Peter J. Urban
Non-Intrusive Optical Measurement Of Electron Temperature In Near Field Plume Of Hall Thruster, Peter J. Urban
ETD Archive
Currently there is a large interest in the use of more efficient means of propulsion in long term missions due to the costs and difficulties associated with placing and maintaining the needed fuel for conventional chemical systems in orbit. Mass reduction of upper stages will return large returns due to the great reduction in required lower stage fuel. Due to these factors, alternatives are undergoing active research, though this paper is concerned with the area of electrical propulsion. Electric propulsion is broadly defined as propulsion where the energization of the exhaust occurs via application of electromagnetic fields as opposed to …
The Effect Of Cognitive Limb Embodiment On Vascular Physiological Response, Hala Elsir Mustafa Osman
The Effect Of Cognitive Limb Embodiment On Vascular Physiological Response, Hala Elsir Mustafa Osman
ETD Archive
The rubber hand illusion (RHI) is a visual-tactile perceptual illusion commonly used to study body ownership. In this paradigm, a rubber hand is positioned in front of a participant, and the person’s real hand is hidden from sight behind a barrier. When the real hand and the rubber hand are stroked synchronously, individuals perceive the rubber hand as if it were their own; it becomes “embodied.” This illusory experience of body ownership is associated with multimodal integration of touch and vision. From these visual-tactile-cognitive mechanisms, we establish that our hands belong to us when what we see matches what we …
Drughelp.Care – A Web Application For The Discovery Of Drug Addiction Treatment Facilities, Sachin Hiriyanna
Drughelp.Care – A Web Application For The Discovery Of Drug Addiction Treatment Facilities, Sachin Hiriyanna
ETD Archive
One of the current and biggest problems in the system of emergency care for the drug overdose epidemic, is the failure of information delivery on nearby treatment facilities. Even though some initiatives on the internet tried to solve this issue, they either failed in delivering the information or in providing ease of usability. This thesis research aims to develop a web application which, 1. Delivers a highly accurate, easy-to-understand and targeted information in a timely manner for drug abusers and their well-wishers. 2. Provides an eco-system for the treatment facilities with an easy-to-use backend to constantly update their complex information …
Color Removal From Combined Dye And Fruit Nectar Wastewater Using Adsorption And Microfiltration, Oluwatobiloba A. Akinwande
Color Removal From Combined Dye And Fruit Nectar Wastewater Using Adsorption And Microfiltration, Oluwatobiloba A. Akinwande
ETD Archive
Pollution of the waterways is a great challenge of the 21st century. Textile effluents contain compounds which have the capacity to cause more harm when ingested. There are many dye removal technologies like coagulation, photo oxidation which help to remove color from dye wastewater. The use of adsorption to remove color from dye wastewater has been used for many centuries. Activated carbon can efficiently remove color from dye wastewater but it is very expensive and so different researches have been conducted to get the adsorption capacity of different forms of adsorbents. These adsorbents can be gotten from agricultural waste, biomass, …
Color Removal And Treatment Of Dye And Sugar Waste Water Using Low Cost Adsorbents, Saisantosh Vamshi Harsha Madiraju
Color Removal And Treatment Of Dye And Sugar Waste Water Using Low Cost Adsorbents, Saisantosh Vamshi Harsha Madiraju
ETD Archive
This study was undertaken to determine the treatment of wastewater from dye and sugar industry for removal of color. This specific treatment consists of adsorption using low cost adsorbents and micro filtration using whatman-41 micro filters. Considerations of this treatment process is to take the samples using batch adsorption and avoid coagulation with further dilution. Numerous runs were made with the ideal waste samples prepared in the laboratory. As a first step in the study different dyes were considered using different concentrations of sugar wastewater. Samples were treated with three different low-cost adsorbents. These treated samples using low cost adsorbents …
A Transformative Process Control Solution, Simone Castanho Nobrega De Almedia Soares
A Transformative Process Control Solution, Simone Castanho Nobrega De Almedia Soares
ETD Archive
Knowing that a technology invented almost hundred years ago (PID controller) is still dominating industrial process control, a historical review was done to understand how the control field evolved. Model dependency and high level of mathematics appear as the main reasons that prevent other technologies from penetrating the engineering practice. A relatively novel methodology introduced by J. Han in 1998 called Active Disturbance Rejection Control (ADRC) came with characteristics that matches process control needs and restrictions on model dependency. This study will present a transformative solution for process control based on that. The control algorithm is designed and discretized for …
High-Throughput Metabolism-Induced Toxicity Assays On A 384-Pillar Plate, Sooyeion Kang
High-Throughput Metabolism-Induced Toxicity Assays On A 384-Pillar Plate, Sooyeion Kang
ETD Archive
The U.S Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) launched the Transform Tox Testing Challenge in 2016 with the goal of developing practical methods that can be integrated into conventional high-throughput screening (HTS) assays to better predict the toxicity of parent compounds and their metabolites in vivo. In response to this need and to retrofit existing HTS assays for assessing metabolism-induced toxicity of compounds, we have developed a 384-pillar plate that is complementary to traditional 384-well plates and ideally suited for culturing human cells in three dimensions (3D) at a microscale. Briefly, human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells in a mixture of alginate …
Designing Novel Grooved Pallets For Industrial Application, Mirza Mohammed Abdullah Baig
Designing Novel Grooved Pallets For Industrial Application, Mirza Mohammed Abdullah Baig
ETD Archive
The purpose of this study was to model an improved pallet design which could overcome the drawbacks and failures of the pallets available in the market today. The new modeled pallets were designed to improve the capacity of the individual pallets and thereby increase the efficiency of the material handling process. The new modeled pallets were also designed with the aim to replace the racking system used for storage in the warehouse industry. The study was performed using two finite element analysis software, SOLIDWORKS and ANSYS, as analysis tools to study the behavior of the design under various real world …
Color Removal Of Dye And Milk Wastewater Using Peanut Hull By The Process Of Adsorption, Venkatesh Kummarakuntla
Color Removal Of Dye And Milk Wastewater Using Peanut Hull By The Process Of Adsorption, Venkatesh Kummarakuntla
ETD Archive
Dairy industry is one of the major industries from which organic wastewater is produced and released into the water bodies. Textile industries also generate considerable amount of dye wastewater that effect the water quality standards. Various treatment techniques are adopted to treat the wastewater. Adsorption is one of the low-cost treatment processes to treat the textile and milk wastewater. This thesis focuses on the treatment of combined dye and milk wastewater using the process of adsorption. The treatment process is carried out by using three different types of low cost adsorbents Peanut-hull, Banana peel and Activated carbon. The effectiveness of …
Treatment Of Dye Wastewater Using Dehydrated Peanut Hull, Nikitha Shamirpet
Treatment Of Dye Wastewater Using Dehydrated Peanut Hull, Nikitha Shamirpet
ETD Archive
The release of dye waste water into environment causes harm to aquatic life when they reach drains or other water sources. They pollute the soil and causes change in cycles of plant and animal life through bio-accumulation and nutrient cycle. Dyes which form residue or precipitate causes mutations or changes in the DNA of living organisms in and around the area of release of the dye into atmosphere. In this thesis, several runs were attempted to treat the synthetically prepared dye waste water using dehydrated peanut hull. The initial dye waste water samples were all collected and checked for absorbance, …
A Synthesis Platform For Temperature Responsive Star Polymers, Schmitt J. Richard Jr.
A Synthesis Platform For Temperature Responsive Star Polymers, Schmitt J. Richard Jr.
ETD Archive
Star polymers are a class of branched polymers comprised of several polymer chains extending from a central point. Star polymers have applications in biopharmaceuticals where they have been proposed to be suitable drug delivery vehicles. Star polymers have traditionally been synthesized through chemical synthesis with added functionality provided by grafting on the arms. This complex synthesis can be simplified by using a biosynthetic approach which enables precise control of molecular weight and composition. This approach is demonstrated using star polymers with arms composed of a temperature responsive protein-based polymer termed elastin-like polypeptide (ELP). Star polymers are characterized based on the …
Predictive Simulations Of Gait And Their Application In Prosthesis Design, Anne D. Koelewijin
Predictive Simulations Of Gait And Their Application In Prosthesis Design, Anne D. Koelewijin
ETD Archive
Predictive simulations predict human gait by solving a trajectory optimization problem by minimizing energy expenditure. These simulations could predict the effect of a prosthesis on gait before its use. This dissertation has four aims, to show the application of predictive simulations in prosthesis design and to improve the quality of predictive simulations. Aim 1 was to explain joint moment asymmetry in the knee and hip in gait of persons with a transtibial amputation (TTA gait). Predictive simulations showed that an asymmetric gait required less effort. However, a small effort increase yielded a gait with increased joint moment symmetry and reduced …
School Logo Cleveland State University Logo Title Evolutionary Optimization For Safe Navigation Of An Autonomous Robot In Cluttered Dynamic Unknown Environments, Arash Roshanineshat
School Logo Cleveland State University Logo Title Evolutionary Optimization For Safe Navigation Of An Autonomous Robot In Cluttered Dynamic Unknown Environments, Arash Roshanineshat
ETD Archive
We present a path planning approach based on probabilistic methods for a robot to navigate in a cluttered, dynamic, unknown environment. There are dynamic obstacles moving around and static obstacles located in the map. The robot does not have any prior information about them but should be able to navigate through the map beginning from a known starting point and safely ending at a known target point. The only information the robot has is the location of the starting point and the target point and it uses sensory information to collect information about its surroundings. Our method is compared to …
Real-Time Assessment And Visual Feedback For Patient Rehabilitation Using Inertial Sensors, Deepa Adinarayanan
Real-Time Assessment And Visual Feedback For Patient Rehabilitation Using Inertial Sensors, Deepa Adinarayanan
ETD Archive
Rehabilitation exercises needs have been continuously increasing and have been projected to increase in future as well based on its demand for aging population, recovering from surgery, injury and illness and the living and working lifestyle of the people. This research aims to tackle one of the most critical issues faced by the exercise administers-Adherence or Non-Adherence to Home Exercise problems especially has been a significant issue resulting in extensive research on the psychological analysis of people involved. In this research, a solution is provided to increase the adherence of such programs through an automated real-time assessment with constant visual …
Evolutionary Optimization For Safe Navigation Of An Autonomous Robot In Cluttered Dynamic Unknown Environments, Arash Roshanineshat
Evolutionary Optimization For Safe Navigation Of An Autonomous Robot In Cluttered Dynamic Unknown Environments, Arash Roshanineshat
ETD Archive
We present a path planning approach based on probabilistic methods for a robot to navigate in a cluttered, dynamic, unknown environment. There are dynamic obstacles moving around and static obstacles located in the map. The robot does not have any prior information about them but should be able to navigate through the map beginning from a known starting point and safely ending at a known target point. The only information the robot has is the location of the starting point and the target point and it uses sensory information to collect information about its surroundings. Our method is compared to …
Effect Of History On The Binary Adsorption Equilibria Of Aluminium Terephthalate (Mil-53(Al)), Ufuoma Israel Kara
Effect Of History On The Binary Adsorption Equilibria Of Aluminium Terephthalate (Mil-53(Al)), Ufuoma Israel Kara
ETD Archive
Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) are highly porous solids with potential applications in a wide range of fields including gas separations and catalysis. Most of porous solids used in these applications such as zeolites and activated carbon usually have rigid structures. In contrast, a number of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) exhibit structural transformation in response to external stimuli. Such materials show promise for applications such as sensors, actuators and adsorptive separations. Several thermodynamic formalisms were proposed in literature to explain this phenomenon, often known as gate-opening or “breathing” of the MOF material. In this study, the adsorptive behavior of MIL-53(Al), a MOF …
Continuous Human Activity Tracking Over A Large Area With Multiple Kinect Sensors, Akshat C. Hans
Continuous Human Activity Tracking Over A Large Area With Multiple Kinect Sensors, Akshat C. Hans
ETD Archive
In recent years, researchers had been inquisitive about the use of technology to enhance the healthcare and wellness of patients with dementia. Dementia symptoms are associated with the decline in thinking skills and memory severe enough to reduce a person’s ability to pay attention and perform daily activities. Progression of dementia can be assessed by monitoring the daily activities of the patients. This thesis encompasses continuous localization and behavioral analysis of patient’s motion pattern over a wide area indoor living space using multiple calibrated Kinect sensors connected over the network. The skeleton data from all the sensor is transferred to …
Stabilization Of Hypoxia Inducible Factor By Cobalt Chloride Can Alter Renal Transepithelial, Subhra Sankar Nag
Stabilization Of Hypoxia Inducible Factor By Cobalt Chloride Can Alter Renal Transepithelial, Subhra Sankar Nag
ETD Archive
Kidney cyst expansion, stagnant fluid accumulation, and insufficient vascular supply can result in localized chronic ischemia-hypoxia in kidney cysts, as well as in normal renal epithelia adjacent to a cyst. We hypothesize that in normal epithelia near a cyst, the stabilization of Hypoxia Inducible Factor 1a (HIF1a), a major regulator of cellular response to hypoxia, can cause altered paracellular and transcellular transport, transforming a normal absorptive phenotype to a secretory and paracellularly leaky phenotype, leading to cyst expansion. Using 100 µmol/L cobalt chloride (CoCl2), HIF1a was stabilized in cellular nucleus of a mouse cortical collecting duct cell line (mCCD 1296 …
From Blockchain To Internet-Based Voting, Elham Akbari
From Blockchain To Internet-Based Voting, Elham Akbari
ETD Archive
Blockchain has been one of the hottest topics among the state-of-the-art technologies. As the enabling technology for Bitcoin, the pioneering cryptocurrency, blockchain is an append-only distributed ledger that is virtually impossible to attack. Hence, blockchain holds great promises as the fundamental technology to enable Internet-based electronic voting. However, Internet-based voting has additional requirements than what monetary transactions such as Bitcoin have to offer. In this thesis, we discuss the key differences of a blockchain-based voting system with digital currencies. In this context we also highlight the requirements, review existing proposed solutions, and outline possible improvements. Specifically, we propose several schemes …
Determination Of Growth Kinetics, Yield Coefficients And Biodiesel Properties For The Green Microalgae Scenedesmus Dimorphus In Freshwater And Saline Medias, Morgan L. Cohara
Determination Of Growth Kinetics, Yield Coefficients And Biodiesel Properties For The Green Microalgae Scenedesmus Dimorphus In Freshwater And Saline Medias, Morgan L. Cohara
ETD Archive
Of the many alternative resources capable of generating biofuel, microalgal oil serves as a promising feedstock. Unfortunately, biodiesel production from microalgae is currently hindered by high operational costs. One primary causes for these high costs is the large quantity of freshwater required for cultivation. This experiment was designed to assess the feasibility of growing the green, freshwater microalgae Scenedesmus dimorphus in an increasingly saline environment. Both average yield coefficients and growth rates were monitored with increasing salt concentration. Determination of average yield coefficients allows for process scale-up and the optimization of production costs by minimizing raw material waste. Salinity was …
Kinetics And Ensemble Dynamics Of Colloidal Ellipsoids Near An Ac Electrode, Jiarui Yan
Kinetics And Ensemble Dynamics Of Colloidal Ellipsoids Near An Ac Electrode, Jiarui Yan
ETD Archive
The manipulation of colloidal particles via applying electric fields has been studied over the past 30 years due to the unique properties associated with the fabricated colloidal crystals. Most works in this field focused on utilizing an alternating current (AC) electric field with spherical particles. However, utilizing spherical colloidal particles as building blocks for complex microstructures has been challenging. Consequently, more recent work has shifted to employing complex colloids (anisotropic in nature) as building blocks for advanced materials. In our work, the phase diagram and the kinetics of assembling colloidal polystyrene ellipsoids under an AC electric field at low frequencies …
Influence Of Natural Convection During Dendritic Array Growth Of Metal Alloys (Gradient Freeze Directional Solidification), Suyog N. Mahajan
Influence Of Natural Convection During Dendritic Array Growth Of Metal Alloys (Gradient Freeze Directional Solidification), Suyog N. Mahajan
ETD Archive
Purpose of this study was to examine the microstructural evolution of primary dendrites during Gradient Freeze Directional Solidification process in cylindrical Pb-5.8% Sb alloy samples to generate the ground- based research data to support a future microgravity experiment on the Space Station in a convection free environment. Pb-5.8Sb was selected for this study because of its ease of processing and availability of physical property data which will be required for predicting the dendrite morphology parameters, such as, primary dendrite spacing and dendrite trunk diameter. This alloy is also susceptible to thermosolutal convection caused by density inversion of the met in …
Modeling Liver Diseases Using Hepatic Cell Microarrays, Alexander David Roth
Modeling Liver Diseases Using Hepatic Cell Microarrays, Alexander David Roth
ETD Archive
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an invasive and aggressive cancer of the liver that arises due to chronic cirrhosis. Research into understanding HCC has focused on two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) technologies to simulate the liver microenvironment and use animal models to model how HCC affects the rest of the body. 3D hydrogel models are desired because they can mimic the transport behavior observed in vivo by structurally mimicking the extracellular matrix (ECM) without the ethical concerns of animal models. However, hydrogels can be toxic to cells and require optimal procedures for appropriate handling. In this study, we created 3D models …
Advanced Manufacturing Of Titanium Alloys For Biomedical Applications, Nicholas C. Mavros
Advanced Manufacturing Of Titanium Alloys For Biomedical Applications, Nicholas C. Mavros
ETD Archive
In metallurgy, Titanium has been a staple for biomedical purposes. Its low toxicity and alloying versatility make it an attractive choice for medical applications. However, studies have shown the difference in elastic modulus between Titanium alloys (116 GPa) and human bone (40-60 GPa) contribute to long term issues with loose hardware fixation. Additionally, long term studies have shown elements such as Vanadium and Aluminum, which are commonly used in Ti-6Al-4V biomedical alloys, have been linked to neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimers and Parkinsons. Alternative metals known to be less toxic are being explored as replacements for alloying elements in Titanium alloys. …