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Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Str-976: Effect Of Horizontal Reinforcement Anchorage End Detail On Seismic Performance Of Reinforced Masonry Shear Walls, Hany M. Seif Eldin, Khaled Galal
Str-976: Effect Of Horizontal Reinforcement Anchorage End Detail On Seismic Performance Of Reinforced Masonry Shear Walls, Hany M. Seif Eldin, Khaled Galal
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
The most recent design codes for masonry structures necessitate the use of reinforced masonry (RM) shear walls in medium and high seismic areas. There are several factors that control the contribution of the horizontal reinforcement to the in-plane shear capacity of RM shear walls. One of these factors is its anchorage end detail. The current version of the Canadian Standards Association CSA S304-14 for design of masonry structures requires that the anchorage of the horizontal reinforcing bars in the plastic hinge region shall have a 90° or more standard hook at the ends of the wall. However, a 180° standard …
Str-975: Effect Of Shear Span To Depth Ratio On Seismic Performance Of Reinforced Masonry Shear Walls, Hany M. Seif Eldin, Khaled Galal
Str-975: Effect Of Shear Span To Depth Ratio On Seismic Performance Of Reinforced Masonry Shear Walls, Hany M. Seif Eldin, Khaled Galal
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
Over the past few decades there has been a substantial increase in the number of multi-story buildings constructed with reinforced masonry (RM). Similar to reinforced concrete (RC) buildings, shear walls are a popular lateral load resisting system in regions of high seismic activity due to its capability to provide lateral stiffness, strength and energy dissipation. One of the parameters that affects the inelastic behaviour and ductility of RM shear walls is the shear span to depth ratio, M/Vdv. This paper experimentally investigates the effect of M/Vdv on the seismic performance of RM shear walls that are dominated by diagonal …
Str-990: Sustainable Grouted Helical Piles: Materials And Performance, Mohamed A. A. Mansour, Moustafa Aboutabikh, Ahmed M. Soliman, M. Hesham El Naggar
Str-990: Sustainable Grouted Helical Piles: Materials And Performance, Mohamed A. A. Mansour, Moustafa Aboutabikh, Ahmed M. Soliman, M. Hesham El Naggar
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
Cementitious materials are widely used as a construction material all over the world. However, cement industry has high environmental impact such as the release of CO2 and the consumption of natural resources for its manufacturing energy. Therefore, reducing cement consumption is vital to achieve sustainable green construction practices. In this study, the effects of using treated oil sand waste (TOSW) as a partial replacement of cement in grouted helical pile applications were investigated. Fresh and hardened properties of the green grout incorporating different percentages of TOSW were evaluated. In addition, a model scale grouted helical pile with the green grout …
Str-973: Static Load Behaviour Of Hybrid Frp-Concrete Two-Panel Truss Girders Reinforced With Double-Headed Gfrp Bars, Parham Joulani, Mamdouh El-Badry, Mohammad Moravvej
Str-973: Static Load Behaviour Of Hybrid Frp-Concrete Two-Panel Truss Girders Reinforced With Double-Headed Gfrp Bars, Parham Joulani, Mamdouh El-Badry, Mohammad Moravvej
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
The results of an experimental investigation into the behaviour of precast hybrid FRP-concrete, two-panel truss girders under static loading are presented. The investigation is part of a comprehensive research program on the development of a corrosion-free system for short and medium span bridges. The truss girders consist of pretensioned concrete chords connected by vertical and diagonal truss elements made of glass FRP tubes filled with concrete. The truss elements are reinforced and connected to the top and bottom chords by means of long double-headed steel or glass FRP bars. The top and bottom chords are also reinforced with glass FRP …
Str-988: Post-Fire Residual Strength Of Glass Fibre Reinforced Polymer (Gfrp) Bars, Hamzeh Hajiloo, Mark F. Green
Str-988: Post-Fire Residual Strength Of Glass Fibre Reinforced Polymer (Gfrp) Bars, Hamzeh Hajiloo, Mark F. Green
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
Lack of reliable and adequate information on material characteristics of glass fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP) at elevated temperatures lowers the accuracy of analytical and design models developed to predict the behaviour of GFRP reinforced concrete members. There is an essential need to assess the remaining strength of bridge and building components after exposure to fire to determine if repair or replacement is required. This paper presents experimental results of a series of tensile tests on GFRP reinforcing bars after exposure to elevated temperatures. GFRP specimens with nominal diameter of 16 mm were exposed to different temperatures in an electric furnace. …
Str-978: A Hysteresis Model For The Piston-Based Self-Centering Bracing System Considering Residual Deformation, A. B. M. Haque Rafiqul, Siriwut Sasibut, Feng Rong, M. Shahria Alam
Str-978: A Hysteresis Model For The Piston-Based Self-Centering Bracing System Considering Residual Deformation, A. B. M. Haque Rafiqul, Siriwut Sasibut, Feng Rong, M. Shahria Alam
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
A load deformation hysteresis model has been developed for the piston based self-centering (PBSC) bracing system. This bracing system utilizes shaft-piston mechanism for transferring load to its core energy dissipating elements, which are made of Nickel Titanium alloy (NiTinol) bars. These bars provide the brace its strength as well as the self-centering capability. Although in theory, the NiTinol based shape memory alloy bars are supposed to come back to their original shape after large nonlinear deformations, in reality, they experience residual deformation. The hysteresis models, which are currently available for capturing the behavior of self-centering systems, are known as flag …
Str-987: Analysis Of Rectangular Hollow Section Trusses With Overlapped K-Connections, Kyle Tousignant, Jeffrey A. Packer
Str-987: Analysis Of Rectangular Hollow Section Trusses With Overlapped K-Connections, Kyle Tousignant, Jeffrey A. Packer
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
A ten-metre span, simply-supported, overlap-jointed, rectangular hollow section (RHS) Warren truss was tested elastically by applying a single quasi-static point load to various chord panel points to obtain experimental axial force, bending moment, and truss deflection patterns. A total of 53 axial forces and bending moments were measured in the chord and web members during two tests, and deflections at panel points along the bottom chord were measured during a broader series of nine tests. The theoretical behaviour given by practical frame analysis models, consisting of: (i) all joints pinned and concentric; (ii) all joints rigid and concentric; (iii) pin-ended …
Str-992: Damage Detection Of Uhp-Frc Plates Using Random Decrement Technique, Azita Pourrastegar, Hesham Othman, Hesham Marzouk
Str-992: Damage Detection Of Uhp-Frc Plates Using Random Decrement Technique, Azita Pourrastegar, Hesham Othman, Hesham Marzouk
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
This paper is about structural health monitoring using Random Decrement (RD) technique for Ultra High Performance Fiber Reinforced Concrete (UHP-FRC) slabs. Five simply supported slabs with identical dimensions are tested using low-velocity impact technique. Multi-impact load is applied at the mid-point of the UHP-FRC slabs by dropping a 475 kg steel weight from a constant height of 4.15 m. Two parameters are considered: namely: the steel reinforcement ratio, and the steel fiber volume content. The natural frequencies (eigenvalues) and corresponding mode shapes (eigenvectors) of tested plates are extracted numerically using linear perturbation analysis available in ABAQUS (Lanczos solver) to verify …
Str-993: Behaviour Of Fire-Damaged Engineered Timber Beams, Hailey Quiquero, John Gales
Str-993: Behaviour Of Fire-Damaged Engineered Timber Beams, Hailey Quiquero, John Gales
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
Recently in Canada, the national building code has been amended to include mid-rise engineered timber buildings. The code also contains an allowance for Alternative Solutions, in which taller and more complex engineered timber structures may be built with sufficient research and proof of performance. For sustainable material use in infrastructure, an environmentally conscious population is motivating the employment of new engineered timber constructions. The purpose of this study is to investigate the behaviour of timber members, specifically glulam, before and after fire damage to inform future testing of large-scale engineered timber building systems. The experiments provide valuable data with …
Str-997: Instrumentation And Long-Term Monitoring Of An Integral-Abutment Bridge Superstructure, Shelley A. Huntley, Arun J. Valsangkar
Str-997: Instrumentation And Long-Term Monitoring Of An Integral-Abutment Bridge Superstructure, Shelley A. Huntley, Arun J. Valsangkar
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
Strain gauges were installed in the girders and deck of an integral abutment bridge to determine the behaviour of the superstructure to daily and seasonal thermal fluctuations. The two-span, 76 m-long bridge has no expansion joints; rather, the prestressed-concrete girders are cast directly into the abutments which are in turn supported by flexible pile foundations. Details of field instrumentation along with monitored data over a period of eight years are presented in this paper. Gauges measured the longitudinal strain in the girders and deck and were positioned at different elevations to provide a strain distribution across the superstructure depth. From …
Str-995: Calibration Of An Analytical Method For Vehicle-Induced Vibrations On Flexible Bridges, Zachary J. Taylor, Pierre-Olivier Dallaire, Marco Accardo, Christian Mercier, Martin Talbot, Stoyan Stoyanoff
Str-995: Calibration Of An Analytical Method For Vehicle-Induced Vibrations On Flexible Bridges, Zachary J. Taylor, Pierre-Olivier Dallaire, Marco Accardo, Christian Mercier, Martin Talbot, Stoyan Stoyanoff
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
The results of full scale trials of heavy vehicle-induced vibrations on the Pierre Laporte Bridge are presented. The Pierre Laporte Bridge spans approximately 1 km having the longest main span of any suspension bridge in Canada. The tests were performed during short periods of complete bridge closure on October 27 and 28, 2014. During the tests, the acceleration of the bridge was recorded at multiple locations in addition to measurements of the vertical and pitching accelerations of the testing vehicle itself. The results of these tests are used to calibrate an analytical tool developed to screen bridge designs for potential …
Str-996: Optimization For Bridge Type Selection Using Artificial Neural Networks, Elie M. Otayek, Ahmad Jrade
Str-996: Optimization For Bridge Type Selection Using Artificial Neural Networks, Elie M. Otayek, Ahmad Jrade
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
Many Researchers have attempted to establish a methodology for the selection of bridge type in a systematic manner. Knowledge based systems (KBS) and other Expert Systems (ES) have been used for this purpose but they have some limitations and restrictions. This paper proposes a methodology to implement a Decision Support System (DSS) in an artificial intelligent environment that aims to suggest a bridge type with its main components at the conceptual design phase, based on the characteristics and performance of existing and similar bridges in order to predict the performance of proposed ones that have been analyzed by decision makers …
Str-994: Investigation Of L-Shaped Low-Rise And High-Rise Buildings Response To Nbcc 2005 And 2010 Seismic Loads, Ahmed Hamada, Ashraf A. El Damatty
Str-994: Investigation Of L-Shaped Low-Rise And High-Rise Buildings Response To Nbcc 2005 And 2010 Seismic Loads, Ahmed Hamada, Ashraf A. El Damatty
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
The current study builds on a previous study conducted by the authors that investigated the seismic provisions of the National Building Code of Canada (NBCC) 2005 and 2010, pertaining to the loading and analysis of irregular L-shaped buildings. The study uses low-rise and high-rise L-shaped buildings as case studies. Three-dimensional finite element models of the two irregular L-shaped buildings were developed and discussed in the previous study. The lateral resisting system of the low-rise buildings consists of concrete shear walls, while the high-rise building consists of a combination of concrete shear walls and concrete rigid frames. Low and high-rise concrete …
Str-991: Energy Harvesting Methods For Structural Health Monitoring Using Wireless Sensors: A Review, Srishti Banerji, Ashutosh Bagchi, Shervin Khazaeli
Str-991: Energy Harvesting Methods For Structural Health Monitoring Using Wireless Sensors: A Review, Srishti Banerji, Ashutosh Bagchi, Shervin Khazaeli
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) implies monitoring the performance of structures using sensors to get an advance warning of the loss of structural capacity or potential collapse. Wireless-sensor based monitoring system is found to be advantageous over traditional wire-based system because of their ease of implementation and maintenance. However, power supply is an important concern for wireless sensors used in monitoring of civil engineering structures. While there are different efficient power usage methods and power supply solutions available for wireless sensors, their applications to SHM systems for civil infrastructure are not standardized. Energy harvesting by means of converting energy from the …
Str-998: Design Of Fiber-Reinforced Tunnel Segmental Lining According To New Aci Report, Mehdi Bakhshi, Verya Nasri
Str-998: Design Of Fiber-Reinforced Tunnel Segmental Lining According To New Aci Report, Mehdi Bakhshi, Verya Nasri
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
Fiber reinforcement has emerged as an alternative to steel bars in precast concrete segments due to advantages such as saving cost and reducing production time while developing a more robust product with improved handling and long-term durability. ACI recently drafted a new report as the first design guideline on FRC tunnel segments to provide specific guidance for this emerging technology. This document offers general information on the history of FRC precast segments from tunneling projects throughout the world; a procedure for structural analysis and design based on governing load cases, and a description of the material parameters, tests and analyses …
Str-999: Intelligent Monitoring System Reveals New Information About The Champlain Bridge, Ehsan Sobhani, Armineh Garabedian, Dominic Lavigne, Chakib Kassem, René Tinawi
Str-999: Intelligent Monitoring System Reveals New Information About The Champlain Bridge, Ehsan Sobhani, Armineh Garabedian, Dominic Lavigne, Chakib Kassem, René Tinawi
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
The Champlain Bridge, constructed in 1957, is one of Canada’s busiest and most economically critical bridges. This 3.4km-long bridge consists of as many as 50 simply supported spans, 50 to 53 m long, plus an elevated truss structure over the Saint Lawrence Seaway. Each span has a cross-section of seven precast post-tensioned girders supporting cast-in-place infill strips that constitute a deck with six traffic lanes. Like many other structures, Champlain Bridge is subjected to environmental, traffic or hydrological loads, which adversely affect the structural condition of the bridge. This structural degradation is further accelerated for the Champlain Bridge due to …
Str-920: Structural Behaviour Of Reinforced High Performance Concrete Columns Subjected To Monotonic Axial Loading, Ali E. Yeganeh, Khandaker M. Anwar Hossain, M. S. Anwar
Str-920: Structural Behaviour Of Reinforced High Performance Concrete Columns Subjected To Monotonic Axial Loading, Ali E. Yeganeh, Khandaker M. Anwar Hossain, M. S. Anwar
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
This paper presents the results of experimental and analytical investigations on the structural performance of high performance reinforced concrete (HPC) columns subjected to monotonic axial loading. Reinforced columns made of self-consolidating concrete (SCC), engineered cementitious composite (ECC) and ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) were tested to failure under axial loading. The test variables included concrete strength and length/slenderness of columns (classified as short and long columns). The UHPC and ECC columns demonstrated excellent ductility and higher energy absorbing capacity compared to their SCC counterparts. UHPC columns also illustrated higher ultimate load capacity compared to both ECC and SCC columns. The efficiency …
Str-927: Shear Resistance Of Lightweight Self-Consolidating Concrete Beams, K. Sathiyamoorthy, Khandaker M. Anwar Hossain, A. Lotfy
Str-927: Shear Resistance Of Lightweight Self-Consolidating Concrete Beams, K. Sathiyamoorthy, Khandaker M. Anwar Hossain, A. Lotfy
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
This paper presents the shear behavior of lightweight self-consolidating concrete (LWSCC) beams without shear reinforcement compared to those made with normal weight self-consolidating concrete (SCC). The variables in this experimental and Code based study was shear span to depth ratio, concrete types and longitudinal reinforcement. The performance of LWSCC was compared with normal SCC beams based on load-deformation response, stress-strain development, and shear strength and failure modes. LWSCC beams showed lower post-cracking shear resistance and the shear strength of LWSCC/SCC beams increased with the decrease of shear span to depth ratio. LWSCC beams showed higher number of cracks and wider …
Str-928: Shear Resistance Of Composite Beams Without Shear Reinforcement, Md. Saiful Hasib, Khandaker M. Anwar Hossain
Str-928: Shear Resistance Of Composite Beams Without Shear Reinforcement, Md. Saiful Hasib, Khandaker M. Anwar Hossain
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
This paper presents the shear behaviour of composite beams made of combinations of high performance concretes (HPCs) such as self-consolidating concrete (SCC) and ductile Engineered Cementitious Composite (ECC). The variables in this experimental and Code based study was shear span to depth ratio, concrete types, longitudinal reinforcement and depth ratio (of ECC and SCC layer). The performance of ECC-SCC composite beams was compared with full depth normal SCC beams based on load-deformation response, stress-strain development, shear strength, failure mode, energy absorption capacity and aggregate-dowel action. The performance of American code in predicting shear strength of SCC beams including ECC-SCC composite …
Mat-712: Microstructural Investigations On The Self-Healing Ability Of Engineered Cementitious Composites Incorporating Different Mineral Admixtures, Ahmed Alyousif, Khandaker M. Anwar Hossain, Mohamed Lachemi, Mustafa Sahmaran
Mat-712: Microstructural Investigations On The Self-Healing Ability Of Engineered Cementitious Composites Incorporating Different Mineral Admixtures, Ahmed Alyousif, Khandaker M. Anwar Hossain, Mohamed Lachemi, Mustafa Sahmaran
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
The present study investigates the impacts that self-healing has on the microstructure characteristics of microcracked Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC). These have two contrasting maturity levels and, furthermore, they involve three varying mineral admixtures that have very different chemical constituents. The impact of self-healing on the transport characteristics was examined by employing rapid chloride permeability tests (RCPT). The findings indicated that, if the appropriate mineral admixture type and conditioning were chosen, it would be possible to enhance the majority of the chloride ion penetrability levels following a 30-day period of water curing. As a result, the majority of the findings were …