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Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Deformation Characterization Of Micro Rolling For Stainless Steel Foil, Haibo Xie, Kenichi Manabe, Tsuyoshi Furushima, Kazuo Tada, Zhengyi Jiang
Deformation Characterization Of Micro Rolling For Stainless Steel Foil, Haibo Xie, Kenichi Manabe, Tsuyoshi Furushima, Kazuo Tada, Zhengyi Jiang
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
Physical parameters such as microscopic roughness become very important in micro forming process due to increasing surface to volume ratio. As a very important phenomenon in metal forming process, friction size effects are becoming more attracting for researchers because traditional models are not reliable. In this study, the micro rolling deformation characterization has been investigated with SUS 304 stainless steel considering the effect of lubricant, and there exists a sticking area in the contact zone. The evolution of surface roughness and oil film thickness are analyzed. The foil thickness plays an important role in the tribological features of rolling. All …
Surface Treatment Evaluation Of Induction Hardened And Tempered 1045 Steel, Alain Kusmoko, Druce P. Dunne, Rosfian Dahar, Huijun Li
Surface Treatment Evaluation Of Induction Hardened And Tempered 1045 Steel, Alain Kusmoko, Druce P. Dunne, Rosfian Dahar, Huijun Li
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
Rod-shaped samples of SAE-AISI grade 1045 steel with a ferrite and pearlite structure in the as received condition were subjected to induction hardening to increase the hardness of the surface layer. The heat treatment process was carried out using induction heating with five different peak temperatures: 8000C, 9000C, 10000C, 11000C and 1200 0C for 2 s, before water quenching. The chemical composition and the microstructures of these samples were characterized by spectrometry and optical microscopy. The microhardness of the surface of each samples was measured and preliminary tensile testing was conducted. The results showed the formation of a significant hardened …
Effect Of Austenite Deformation Temperature On Nb Clustering And Precipitation In Microalloyed Steel, E V Pereloma, A G Kostryzhev, A Alshahrani, C Zhu, J M. Cairney, C R. Killmore, S P. Ringer
Effect Of Austenite Deformation Temperature On Nb Clustering And Precipitation In Microalloyed Steel, E V Pereloma, A G Kostryzhev, A Alshahrani, C Zhu, J M. Cairney, C R. Killmore, S P. Ringer
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
The effect of thermomechanical processing conditions on Nb clustering and precipitation in both austenite and ferrite in a Nb-Ti microalloyed steel was studied using electron microscopy and atom probe tomography. A decrease in the deformation temperature increased the Nb-rich precipitation in austenite and decreased the extent of precipitation in ferrite. Microstructural mechanisms that explain this variation are discussed. 2013 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Effect Of Holding Temperature And Time On Ferrite Formation In Dual Phase Steel Produced By Strip Casting, Zhiping Xiong, Andrii Kostryzhev, Nicole Stanford, Elena V. Pereloma
Effect Of Holding Temperature And Time On Ferrite Formation In Dual Phase Steel Produced By Strip Casting, Zhiping Xiong, Andrii Kostryzhev, Nicole Stanford, Elena V. Pereloma
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
Conventional dual phase (DP) steel (0.08C-0.81Si-1.47Mn-0.03Al, wt. %) was manufactured by the laboratory simulation of strip casting. The effect of holding temperature and time on microstructure evolution was studied using a quench-deformation dilatometer. Microstructures were observed using optical and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that the nose temperature of ferrite phase field is around 650 °C. The kinetics of ferrite formation is fast within the first 100 s of holding at this temperature, and then formation of ferrite continues at a slower rate until it reaches the fraction corresponding to that defined by the lever rule. 70~80 % ferrite …
Role Of Microstructure In Susceptibility To Hydrogen Embrittlement Of X70 Microalloyed Steel, Daniel Hejazi, Ahmed Saleh, Ayesha Haq, Druce Dunne, Andrzej Calka, Azdiar A. Gazder, Elena V. Pereloma
Role Of Microstructure In Susceptibility To Hydrogen Embrittlement Of X70 Microalloyed Steel, Daniel Hejazi, Ahmed Saleh, Ayesha Haq, Druce Dunne, Andrzej Calka, Azdiar A. Gazder, Elena V. Pereloma
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
The effect of phases and steel processing on hydrogen uptake (diffusible and residual), surface and internal damage were evaluated using optical and scanning electron microscopy. The results have shown the fastest formation of blisters in ferrite-pearlite microstructure of strip, followed by equaixed ferrite-pearlite microstructure in normalised condition, then by ferrite-bainite microstructure. No blistering was observed in heat affected zone samples for up to 24 hrs charging. Analysis of hydrogen-induced cracking using electron back scattering diffraction has revealed that crack propagation has predominantly intragranular character without a clear preference on {001}, {110}, {112} and {123} planes and is independent of the …
Numerical Analysis Of High-Strength Concrete-Filled Steel Tubular Slender Beam-Columns Under Cyclic Loading, Vipulkumar Patel, Qing Quan Liang, Muhammad N. S Hadi
Numerical Analysis Of High-Strength Concrete-Filled Steel Tubular Slender Beam-Columns Under Cyclic Loading, Vipulkumar Patel, Qing Quan Liang, Muhammad N. S Hadi
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
The effects of cyclic local buckling on the behavior of concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) slender beam-columns under cyclic loading were approximately considered in existing analytical methods by modifying the stress– strain curve for the steel tube in compression. These methods, however, cannot simulate the progressive cyclic local buckling of the steel tubes. This paper presents a new efficient numerical model for predicting the cyclic performance of high strength rectangular CFST slender beam-columns accounting for the effects of progressive cyclic local buckling of steel tube walls under stress gradients. Uniaxial cyclic constitutive laws for the concrete core and steel tubes are …
Influence Of Pallets On The Behaviour And Design Of Steel Drive-In Racks, Benoit Gilbert, Lip H. Teh, Romain X. Badet, Kim Rasmussen
Influence Of Pallets On The Behaviour And Design Of Steel Drive-In Racks, Benoit Gilbert, Lip H. Teh, Romain X. Badet, Kim Rasmussen
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
This paper analyses the influence of horizontal bracing restraints provided by the friction between pallet bases and rail beams on the static behaviour and design of steel drive-in storage racks. The pallet bracing restraints are shown to significantly influence the structural behaviour of the rack, and their effect on the bending moment distribution of the uprights is studied in the paper. The 2D single upright model proposed by Godley is improved in this study by including the restraints provided by the plan flexural stiffness of the rail beams and the friction between the pallets and rail beams. The improved 2D …
Constitutive Analysis For Hot Deformation Behaviour Of Novel Bimetal Consisting Of Pearlitic Steel And Low Carbon Steel, Xingjian Gao, Zhengyi Jiang, Dongbin Wei, Huijun Li, Sihai Jiao, Jianzhong Xu, Xiaoming Zhang, Jingtao Han, Dengfu Chen
Constitutive Analysis For Hot Deformation Behaviour Of Novel Bimetal Consisting Of Pearlitic Steel And Low Carbon Steel, Xingjian Gao, Zhengyi Jiang, Dongbin Wei, Huijun Li, Sihai Jiao, Jianzhong Xu, Xiaoming Zhang, Jingtao Han, Dengfu Chen
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
To understand the high temperature flow behaviour of a novel pearlitic steel (PS) and low carbon steel (LCS) bimetal, hot compression tests in a wide range of temperature and strain rate were conducted on a Gleeble 3500 thermo mechanical simulator, and the constitutive model was developed based on the experimental data. The measured true stress-strain curves exhibited three types of variation patterns, which are (i) a plateau type, (ii) single peak type and (iii) multi peaks type. These patterns well displayed the effects of the deformation temperature, strain rate and plastic strain on the flow behaviour of the bimetal. By …
Effects Of Temperature And Strain Rate On Microstructure And Mechanical Properties Of High Chromium Cast Iron/Low Carbon Steel Bimetal Prepared By Hot Diffusion-Compression Bonding, Xingjian Gao, Zhengyi Jiang, Dongbin Wei, Sihai Jiao, Dengfu Chen, Jianzhong Xu, Xiaoming Zhang, Dianyao Gong
Effects Of Temperature And Strain Rate On Microstructure And Mechanical Properties Of High Chromium Cast Iron/Low Carbon Steel Bimetal Prepared By Hot Diffusion-Compression Bonding, Xingjian Gao, Zhengyi Jiang, Dongbin Wei, Sihai Jiao, Dengfu Chen, Jianzhong Xu, Xiaoming Zhang, Dianyao Gong
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
The objective of this study is to develop a hot diffusion-compression bonding process for cladding low carbon steel (LCS) to high chromium cast iron (HCCI) in solid-state. The influence of temperature (950-1150 degrees C) and strain rate (0.001-1 s (1)) on microstructure, hardness and bond strength of the HCCI/LCS bimetal were investigated. The interface microstructure reveals that the unbonded region can only be found for 950 degrees C due to lack of diffusion, while the intergrowth between the constituent metals occurred at and above 1100 degrees C. When bonding temperature increases to 1150 degrees C, a carbide-free zone was observed …
Computational Analysis Of Compressive Strain Hardening Exponents Of Bimetal With Pearlitic Steel And Low Carbon Steel, Xingjian Gao, Zhengyi Jiang, Dongbin Wei, Sihai Jiao, Jingtao Han
Computational Analysis Of Compressive Strain Hardening Exponents Of Bimetal With Pearlitic Steel And Low Carbon Steel, Xingjian Gao, Zhengyi Jiang, Dongbin Wei, Sihai Jiao, Jingtao Han
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
The compressive strain hardening behaviour of a novel bimetal with pearlitic steel and low carbon steel was investigated by computational analysis based on the isothermal compression tests in a wide range of deformation temperature and strain rate. The Hollomon's equation was employed to calculate the strain hardening exponent (SHE) with the assistance of mathematical manipulation. The result shows that the logarithmic relationship between the flow stress and plastic strain of the bimetal is highly non-linear, which results in the variation of the SHE of the bimetal. This variation reflects the dynamic competition between the strain hardening and softening mechanism by …
Shear Lag And Eccentricity Effects Of Bolted Connections In Cold-Formed Steel Sections, Lip H. Teh, Veysel Yazici
Shear Lag And Eccentricity Effects Of Bolted Connections In Cold-Formed Steel Sections, Lip H. Teh, Veysel Yazici
Veysel Yazici
This paper examines the "three factors" approach previously presented by the senior author for determining the net section efficiency of a bolted cold-formed steel open profile. One objective is to ascertain that the net section efficiency is governed by three factors: the in-plane shear lag associated with stress concentration around a bolt hole that is also present in a flat sheet, the out-of-plane shear lag that is also present in a bi-symmetric I-section bolted at the flanges only, and the bending moment arising from the connection eccentricity with respect to the neutral axis. This paper presents the test results of …
Utilising Non-Composite Steel-Concrete-Steel Panels For Protective Structures, A M. Remennikov, S Y. Kong, Brian Uy
Utilising Non-Composite Steel-Concrete-Steel Panels For Protective Structures, A M. Remennikov, S Y. Kong, Brian Uy
Alex Remennikov
A high-performance protective structure utilising non-composite steel-concrete-steel (SCS) sandwich panels for protecting buildings and facilities against close-range detonation of VBIEDs and heavy ve-hicle impacts has been developed. Unlike other existing composite sandwich panels, no shear connec-tors between the steel faceplates are utilised to construct protective panels in order to simplify the con-struction process. The concrete core of the panel is included to provide the mass for increased inertia effects, and the steel faceplates are designed to develop tensile membrane resistance at large displace-ment to dissipate impulsive energy. The energy dissipation capability and high ductility of the axially-restrained non-composite SCS panels …
The Response Of Axially Restrained Non-Composite Steel-Concrete-Steel Sandwich Panels Due To Large Impact Loading, Alex M. Remennikov, Sih Ying Kong, Brian Uy
The Response Of Axially Restrained Non-Composite Steel-Concrete-Steel Sandwich Panels Due To Large Impact Loading, Alex M. Remennikov, Sih Ying Kong, Brian Uy
Alex Remennikov
In conventional steel-concrete-steel (SCS) construction, the external steel plates are connected to the concrete infill by welded shear stud connectors. This paper describes a programme of experimental and numerical investigations on reduced-scale non-composite SCS panels with axially restrained connections. The experimental results have demonstrated that the non-composite SCS panels are capable of developing enhanced load-carrying capacity through the tensile membrane resistance of the steel faceplates. This type of construction was found to exhibit highly ductile response and be able to sustain large end rotations of up to 18° without collapse. High fidelity finite element models for SCS panels under impact …
Development Of A Dc-Lsnd Welding Process For Gmaw On Dh-36 Steel, Raymond Holder, Nathan Larkin, Huijun Li, Lenka Kuzmikova, Zengxi Pan, John Norrish
Development Of A Dc-Lsnd Welding Process For Gmaw On Dh-36 Steel, Raymond Holder, Nathan Larkin, Huijun Li, Lenka Kuzmikova, Zengxi Pan, John Norrish
zengxi pan
Weld induced distortion correction is a major cost within the shipbuilding industry. This paper investigates the use of an active cooling process known as Dynamically Controlled - Low Stress No Distortion (DC-LSND) Welding on DH-36 steel. Thermal profiles are obtained and distortion measurements are also achieved. Results show that the application of a localised cryogenic cooling source trailing the welding arc can significantly reduce weld induced distortion using the GMAW process. The effect of forced cooling on the weld microstructure is also observed.
Development Of Safe Optimized Welding Procedures For High Strength Q&T Steel Welded With Austenitic Consumables, Lenka Kuzmikova, Huijun Li, John Norrish, Zengxi Stephen Pan, Nathan Larkin
Development Of Safe Optimized Welding Procedures For High Strength Q&T Steel Welded With Austenitic Consumables, Lenka Kuzmikova, Huijun Li, John Norrish, Zengxi Stephen Pan, Nathan Larkin
zengxi pan
High strength quenched and tempered (Q&T) steels offer obvious economic benefits originating from their advantageous strength to price and weight ratios. These steels are usually welded using ferritic consumables and for this combination the risk of hydrogen assisted cold cracking (HACC) is high. The use of austenitic stainless steel (ASS) consumables has great potential to significantly improve this issue. Yet, there are no guidelines for determination of safe level of preheat for welding ferritic steels with ASS consumables. For this reason manufacturers adopt this parameter from procedures developed for conventional ferritic consumables thus significantly limiting the benefits ASS consumables are …
Investigation Into Feasibility Of Hybrid Laser-Gmaw Process For Welding High Strength Quenched And Tempered Steel, Lenka Kuzmikova, Nathan Larkin, Zengxi Pan, Mark Callaghan, Huijun Li, John Norrish
Investigation Into Feasibility Of Hybrid Laser-Gmaw Process For Welding High Strength Quenched And Tempered Steel, Lenka Kuzmikova, Nathan Larkin, Zengxi Pan, Mark Callaghan, Huijun Li, John Norrish
zengxi pan
In this study, the feasibility of hybrid laser-gas metal arc welding process for replacement of conventional flux-cored arc welding procedure for welding high strength quenched and tempered steel was investigated. Experimental work focused on optimisation of process parameters to produce joint with desired properties. Hardness of the weld heat affected zone produced by both processes has been measured. Productivity and cost effectiveness of both processes were compared. It was concluded that hybrid laser-gas metal arc welding process is suitable for welding high strength quenched and tempered steel.
Development Of A Dc-Lsnd Welding Process For Gmaw On Dh-36 Steel, Raymond Holder, Nathan Larkin, Huijun Li, Lenka Kuzmikova, Zengxi Pan, John Norrish
Development Of A Dc-Lsnd Welding Process For Gmaw On Dh-36 Steel, Raymond Holder, Nathan Larkin, Huijun Li, Lenka Kuzmikova, Zengxi Pan, John Norrish
Nathan Larkin
Weld induced distortion correction is a major cost within the shipbuilding industry. This paper investigates the use of an active cooling process known as Dynamically Controlled - Low Stress No Distortion (DC-LSND) Welding on DH-36 steel. Thermal profiles are obtained and distortion measurements are also achieved. Results show that the application of a localised cryogenic cooling source trailing the welding arc can significantly reduce weld induced distortion using the GMAW process. The effect of forced cooling on the weld microstructure is also observed.
Investigation Into Feasibility Of Hybrid Laser-Gmaw Process For Welding High Strength Quenched And Tempered Steel, Lenka Kuzmikova, Nathan Larkin, Zengxi Pan, Mark Callaghan, Huijun Li, John Norrish
Investigation Into Feasibility Of Hybrid Laser-Gmaw Process For Welding High Strength Quenched And Tempered Steel, Lenka Kuzmikova, Nathan Larkin, Zengxi Pan, Mark Callaghan, Huijun Li, John Norrish
Nathan Larkin
In this study, the feasibility of hybrid laser-gas metal arc welding process for replacement of conventional flux-cored arc welding procedure for welding high strength quenched and tempered steel was investigated. Experimental work focused on optimisation of process parameters to produce joint with desired properties. Hardness of the weld heat affected zone produced by both processes has been measured. Productivity and cost effectiveness of both processes were compared. It was concluded that hybrid laser-gas metal arc welding process is suitable for welding high strength quenched and tempered steel.
Wear Mode Map Evaluation Of Induction Hardened 4140 And Carburised 8617h Steels On 1040 Steel, Alain Kusmoko, Alan Crosky
Wear Mode Map Evaluation Of Induction Hardened 4140 And Carburised 8617h Steels On 1040 Steel, Alain Kusmoko, Alan Crosky
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
This study was undertaken to evaluate the likely effect on the wear rate of changing the pinion material in a rack and pinion steering box from carburised SAE-AISI grade 8617 H steel to induction hardened SAE-AISI grade 4140 steel. Accordingly, pin-on-disc unlubricated wear tests were conducted using carburised 8617 H pins and through hardened 4140 pins. The surface hardness of the pins was approximately 60 HRC for both materials. The discs were made of SAE-AISI grade 1040 steel through hardened to a hardness of 45 HRC. The tests were conducted using a load of 2.2 kg and a rotational speed …
Development Of Safe Optimized Welding Procedures For High Strength Q&T Steel Welded With Austenitic Consumables, Lenka Kuzmikova, Huijun Li, John Norrish, Zengxi Stephen Pan, Nathan Larkin
Development Of Safe Optimized Welding Procedures For High Strength Q&T Steel Welded With Austenitic Consumables, Lenka Kuzmikova, Huijun Li, John Norrish, Zengxi Stephen Pan, Nathan Larkin
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
High strength quenched and tempered (Q&T) steels offer obvious economic benefits originating from their advantageous strength to price and weight ratios. These steels are usually welded using ferritic consumables and for this combination the risk of hydrogen assisted cold cracking (HACC) is high. The use of austenitic stainless steel (ASS) consumables has great potential to significantly improve this issue. Yet, there are no guidelines for determination of safe level of preheat for welding ferritic steels with ASS consumables. For this reason manufacturers adopt this parameter from procedures developed for conventional ferritic consumables thus significantly limiting the benefits ASS consumables are …
Net Section Tension Capacity Of Cold-Reduced Sheet Steel Angle Braces Bolted At One Leg, Lip H. Teh, Benoit P. Gilbert
Net Section Tension Capacity Of Cold-Reduced Sheet Steel Angle Braces Bolted At One Leg, Lip H. Teh, Benoit P. Gilbert
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
This paper examines the accuracy of equations specified by the North American and Australasian steel structures codes for determining the net section tension capacity of a cold-formed steel angle brace bolted at one leg. The configurations tested in the laboratory include single equal angle, single unequal angle bolted at the wider leg, single unequal angle bolted at the narrow leg, double angles, and alternate angles. The steel materials used in the experiment are among those with the lowest ductility for which nominal tensile strength is permitted by cold-formed steel design codes to be fully utilized in structural design calculations. Based …
Shear Lag And Eccentricity Effects Of Bolted Connections In Cold-Formed Steel Sections, Lip H. Teh, Veysel Yazici
Shear Lag And Eccentricity Effects Of Bolted Connections In Cold-Formed Steel Sections, Lip H. Teh, Veysel Yazici
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
This paper examines the "three factors" approach previously presented by the senior author for determining the net section efficiency of a bolted cold-formed steel open profile. One objective is to ascertain that the net section efficiency is governed by three factors: the in-plane shear lag associated with stress concentration around a bolt hole that is also present in a flat sheet, the out-of-plane shear lag that is also present in a bi-symmetric I-section bolted at the flanges only, and the bending moment arising from the connection eccentricity with respect to the neutral axis. This paper presents the test results of …
Enhancing Impact Fracture Toughness And Tensile Properties Of A Microalloyed Cast Steel By Hot Forging And Post-Forging Heat Treatment Processes, Jingwei Zhao, Zhengyi Jiang, Chong Soo Lee
Enhancing Impact Fracture Toughness And Tensile Properties Of A Microalloyed Cast Steel By Hot Forging And Post-Forging Heat Treatment Processes, Jingwei Zhao, Zhengyi Jiang, Chong Soo Lee
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
In the present work, the effects of hot forging and post-forging heat treatment on the impact fracture toughness and tensile properties of a microalloyed cast steel were investigated. Mechanical tests were used to evaluate the room temperature impact fracture toughness and tensile properties of the steel. The resulting microstructures were analysed by optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The extraction replica technology was used to investigate the characterisation of complex precipitates formed during heat treatment. The obtained results showed that the coarse-grained microstructure of the forged specimen was significantly refined after post-forging heat treatment. …
Enhancing Mechanical Properties Of A Low-Carbon Microalloyed Cast Steel By Controlled Heat Treatment, Jingwei Zhao, Jeong Hun Lee, Yong Woo Kim, Zhengyi Jiang, Chong Soo Lee
Enhancing Mechanical Properties Of A Low-Carbon Microalloyed Cast Steel By Controlled Heat Treatment, Jingwei Zhao, Jeong Hun Lee, Yong Woo Kim, Zhengyi Jiang, Chong Soo Lee
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
In the present work, detailed studies were made on the optimization of microstructure and mechanical properties of a low-carbon microalloyed cast steel through control of heat treatment conditions. Specimens were austenitized at temperatures ranging from 950 to 1200 °C for 2 h followed by different cooling methods (furnace, air and water). For analyzing the effect of holding time on mechanical properties, some cast specimens were austenitized at 1100 °C for different times followed by furnace cooling. After heat treatment, mechanical tests were employed to evaluate the room temperature Charpy impact and tensile properties. The characterization of complex precipitates formed during …
Tribological Properties Of Magnetite Precipitate From Oxide Scale In Hot-Rolled Microalloyed Steel, Xianglong Yu, Zhengyi Jiang, Dongbin Wei, Cunlong Zhou, Qingxue Huang, Daijun Yang
Tribological Properties Of Magnetite Precipitate From Oxide Scale In Hot-Rolled Microalloyed Steel, Xianglong Yu, Zhengyi Jiang, Dongbin Wei, Cunlong Zhou, Qingxue Huang, Daijun Yang
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
Nano-magnetite (Fe3O4) particles have a potential to lead to the formation of lubrication tribofilm that reduces the friction and wear in hot steel strip rolling. In this paper, an attempt to fabricate the oxide film with magnetite precipitates from thermally-grown wustite (Fe1-xO) layer during isothermal cooling of low carbon microallyed steel, was obtained. The precipitation behaviors were investgated on Gleeble 3500 thermo-mechanical simulator under the humid air with water vaour content of 19.5 per vol percent. Several types of magnetite precipitates were examined using scanning electron microscope (SEM) with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The tribological …
Towards Improved Steel Alloy Designs For Control Of Weld Heat Affected Zone Properties, F J. Barbaro, Z Zhu, L Kuzmikova, H Li, J M. Gray
Towards Improved Steel Alloy Designs For Control Of Weld Heat Affected Zone Properties, F J. Barbaro, Z Zhu, L Kuzmikova, H Li, J M. Gray
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
This paper reviews the current technology related to control of weld HAZ properties in high strength steels. The debate related to appropriate balance of Ti and N is addressed and it appears that a stoichiometric ratio provides optimum fracture toughness. The results are significant because despite the well established difficulties in controlling Ti/N ratio, this data now provides guidance in terms of alloy design to achieve optimum fracture toughness in the HAZ of welds. The enhanced resistance to grain coarsening behaviour of high Nb steels has now provided another incremental improvement in the weldability of steels for critical applications such …
Microstructural Characterization Of P91 Steel In The Virgin, Service Exposed And Post-Service Re-Normalized Conditions, Huijun Li, David Mitchell
Microstructural Characterization Of P91 Steel In The Virgin, Service Exposed And Post-Service Re-Normalized Conditions, Huijun Li, David Mitchell
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
P91 steel has been widely used in power generation industry. Generally, P91 creep resisting steel is produced by normalizing and tempering. The normalizing temperature is in the range of 1040–10808C and tempering temperature is in the range of 750–7808C. The microstructure after tempering is tempered martensite with precipitates of carbides, M23C6, and vanadium/niobium rich carbo‐nitride of the type MX (M ¼ V or Nb and X ¼ C or N). The presence of carbide precipitates improves creep rupture strength due to precipitation hardening. The carbide coarsening and microstructure degradation during service will result in deterioration in creep strength. It is …
Detection Of Crack Growth In Rail Steel Using Acoustic Emission, Andrii Kostryzhev, C L. Davis, C Roberts
Detection Of Crack Growth In Rail Steel Using Acoustic Emission, Andrii Kostryzhev, C L. Davis, C Roberts
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
Increased traffic speeds and axle loads on modern railways enhance rail track degradation. To eliminate track failure due to rail defects, a condition monitoring system requires methods for the early detection of defects which grow in service. Acoustic emission (AE) monitoring is the only non-destructive technique which might be applied online to study the defect growth under traffic loading. However, a high level of traffic noise and a limited signal from crack growth, especially at low crack growth rates, significantly complicate the AE signal analysis. In the present work, the AE monitoring of rail steel fatigue was carried out in …
The Influence Of Pallets On The Behaviour And Design Of Drive-In Steel Storage Racks - Part I: Behaviour, B P. Gilbert, L H. Teh, R X. Badet, K J. R Rasmussen
The Influence Of Pallets On The Behaviour And Design Of Drive-In Steel Storage Racks - Part I: Behaviour, B P. Gilbert, L H. Teh, R X. Badet, K J. R Rasmussen
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
Drive-in steel storage racks represent a popular alternative to the more common selective racks when available space is restricted or when storing the same good. In drive-in racks, the forklift truck drives into the rack and stores the pallets on beam rails on the "first-in last-out" principle. Recent experimental studies have shown that by acting as horizontal ties between uprights, pallets significantly influence the structural behaviour of the rack. However, due to the uncertainty in the degree of friction between the rail beams and the pallets, current industry design practice does not consider this effect. This paper quantifies the influence …
Microstructure And Texture Evolution In A Twinning-Induced-Plasticity Steel During Uniaxial Tension, Ahmed A. Saleh, Elena V. Pereloma, Azdiar A. Gazder
Microstructure And Texture Evolution In A Twinning-Induced-Plasticity Steel During Uniaxial Tension, Ahmed A. Saleh, Elena V. Pereloma, Azdiar A. Gazder
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
A combination of electron back-scattering diffraction and X-ray diffraction was used to track the evolution of the microstructure and texture of a fully recrystallized Fe-24 Mn-3 Al-2 Si-1 Ni-0.06 C twinning-induced-plasticity steel during interrupted uniaxial tensile testing. Texture measurements returned the characteristic double fibre texture for face-centred cubic materials, with a relatively stronger 〈1 1 1〉 and a weaker 〈1 0 0〉 partial fibre parallel to the tensile axis. The interaction with the stable 〈1 1 1〉 oriented grains results in preferential plastic flow in the unstable 〈1 1 0〉 oriented grains. Consequently, the grains oriented along the 〈1 1 …