Engineering Commons^™

Ultra-Thin Super High Frequency Two-Port Aln Contour-Mode Resonators And Filters, Matteo Rinaldi, Chiara Zuniga, Chengjie Zuo, Gianluca Piazza

Matteo Rinaldi

This paper reports on the demonstration of a new class of ultra-thin (250 nm thick) Super High Frequency (SHF) AlN piezoelectric two-port resonators and filters. A thickness field excitation scheme was employed to excite a higher order contour extensional mode of vibration in an AlN nano plate (250 nm thick) above 3 GHz and synthesize a 1.96 GHz narrow-bandwidth channel-select filter. The devices of this work are able to operate over a frequency range from 1.9 to 3.5 GHz and are employed to synthesize the highest frequency MEMS filter based on electrically self-coupled AlN contour-mode resonators. Very narrow bandwidth (~ …

Power Handling And Related Frequency Scaling Advantages In Piezoelectric Aln Contour-Mode Mems Resonators, Chengjie Zuo, Matteo Rinaldi, Gianluca Piazza

Matteo Rinaldi

This paper reports on the analytical modeling and experimental verification of the mechanically-limited power handling and nonlinearity in piezoelectric aluminum nitride (AlN) contour-mode resonators (CMR) having different electrode configurations (thickness field excitation, lateral field excitation, one-port and two-port configurations) and operating at different frequencies (177-3047 MHz). Despite its simplicity, the one-dimensional analytical model fits the experimental behavior of AlN CMRs in terms of power handling capabilities. The model and experiment also confirm the advantage of scaling (i.e. miniaturizing) the AlN CMRs to higher frequencies at which higher critical power density can be more easily attained up to values in excess …

Modeling And Computer Simulation Of Fault Calculations For Transmission Lines, Dr. Adel A. Elbaset

Dr. Adel A. Elbaset

Calculation of transmission line faults has a fundamental importance in the fault detection, classification, and location determination of faults in transmission line. This paper presents a proposed computer program based on Matlab software to calculate all ten types of shunt faults that may occur in a transmission line. Various fault scenarios (fault types, fault locations and fault impedance) are considered in this paper. The inputs of the proposed program are line length, source voltage, positive, negative and zero sequence for source impedance, line charging, and transmission line impedance. The output of the algorithm is used to train an artificial intelligence …

Comparative Evaluation Of Pid Voltage Mode, Pi Current Mode, Fuzzy And Pwm Based Sliding Mode Control For Dc-Dc Converters, Omar Ellabban, Joeri Van Mierlo

Omar Ellabban

This paper presents a comparison between the application of four control techniques in DC-DC converters. PID voltage mode (PID-VM), PI current mode (PI-CM), fuzzy, and PWM based sliding mode (SM) controllers are applied to buck converter. The design procedures of controllers are reviewed. The dynamic performance of these controllers under star-up, steady state, input voltage variation, load current disturbances and EMI spectrum are presented and compared.

Polar Fuzzy Logic Based Power System Stabilizer, D. K. Chaturvedi

D. K. Chaturvedi Dr.

A neuro fuzzy logic based adaptive power system stabilizer (AFPSS) has been developed using angularspeed deviation and angular acceleration as the input variables. It consists of two main parts, namely, fuzzylogic controller (FLC) and generalized neuron (GN) based identifier. The inference mechanism of the fuzzylogic controller is represented by rule-base and a data-base. Three parameters have been introduced to tunethe FPSS. These parameters are decided on the basis of GN-identifier output and present system conditions.This mechanism of tuning the AFPSS makes the fuzzy logic based power system stabilizer adaptive tochanges with the operating conditions. Therefore, the degradation of the system …

Punching Bag Trainer, Gian Delacruz

Electrical Engineering

Martial artists, such as boxers, kick boxers, and karate practitioners, use punching bags in training all the time to work on technique, speed and power but there hasn’t really been a good way to train reaction and combination speed (a combination is a string of strikes) without the aid of a training partner. Reaction and combination speed are important in competition because a faster competitor can attack successfully before his or her opponent has the time to react. This device aims to help martial artists increase reaction and combination speed through the use of randomly flashing targets attached to a …

Dc-Dc Converter For Harvesting Energy From An Exercise Bike, Henry Ureh, Chris Henry

Electrical Engineering

Create an efficient buck-boost converter that adapts to input voltage range from ~3.8V to 70V, and outputs 13.7V DC, the voltage required by a charge controller to charge a battery. The energy stored in the battery will be supplied back to the grid.

The cost of energy saved by the converter should eventually cover the initial price of the converter. The converter should help reduce the net power consumption of the exercise machines used in the Cal Poly gym

Musicman Communications System, Dan Strengier

Electrical Engineering

The MusicMan portable music mixer is a solution for users who enjoy listening to music and would also like to communicate to friends on a walkie-talkie system. The MusicMan provides the user the ability to simultaneously listen to an MP3 player and operate a communications device, such as a walkie-talkie.

Switching Circuit For A Permanent Magnet Dc Motor, Alex Boatman

Electrical Engineering

The project is a circuit that will basically supply current from the battery to the different stator coils at opportune moments. With a hall-effect sensor on the shaft as a feedback to a microcontroller, I was able to toggle switches based on the position of the shaft at the moments where we would be using as little power as possible. The operation of the control circuit works similar to a stepper motor; it takes a signal from the microcontroller that is sent to some FET drivers, which in turn sends signals to the FETs to open or close as the …

Automated Basketball Return System, Victor Mendoza, Chris Chamberlain

Electrical Engineering

The project is meant to assist a basketball player in their practicing. The project hangs directly on the basketball rim and automatically rotates to find the player on the court. Once the player is detected, the automated basketball return system (ABRS) stays focused in the direction of the player so that any baskets successfully made will be funneled back to the player. When the player moves from center, IR motion detectors find which direction you moved to and rotates accordingly, until the player is focused in front of the funnel again. If at any time the player is absent from …

Methodology To Derive Resource Aware Context Adaptable Architectures For Field Programmable Gate Arrays, Harikrishna Samala

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The design of a common architecture that can support multiple data-flow patterns (or contexts) embedded in complex control flow structures, in applications like multimedia processing, is particularly challenging when the target platform is a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) with a heterogeneous mixture of device primitives. This thesis presents scheduling and mapping algorithms that use a novel area cost metric to generate resource aware context adaptable architectures. Results of a rigorous analysis of the methodology on multiple test cases are presented. Results are compared against published techniques and show an area savings and execution time savings of 46% each.

Native Earth Electric Field Measurements Using Small Spacecraft In Low Earth Orbit, John A. Pratt

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The use of small satellites to measure the native electric field of the earth has historically presented many problems as a result of the generally modest pointing capabilities of small satellites. In spite of this, the cost of small satellites makes them ideal for just such scientific missions. This thesis details many of the constraints of electric field measuring missions as well as the requirements on any spacecraft designed to accomplish such. The data from a small sounding rocket mission is then analyzed and its usefulness discussed. Possible other methods for use are also discussed.

Design, Test, And Calibration Of The Utah State University Floating Potential Probe, Jessica D. Gregory

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The ionosphere is a conducting layer in the Earth's upper atmosphere and is the nearest naturally occurring plasma environment. Inherent to all plasma environments is an electric field. Currently, the double electric field probe is the most successful instrument for measuring the electric fields of space plasmas. Utah State University/Space Dynamics Lab has developed a double electric field probe, called the Floating Potential Probe (FPP), with a slightly different instrumentation approach than what has been done previously. The FPP is one component of a suite of instruments that launched in fall of 2007 from Wallops Island, Virginia, as part of …

Psuedo-Randomly Controlled Analog Synthesizer, Jared Huntington

Electrical Engineering

The goal of this project was to design and build a portable box recreating classic sounds heard in science fiction films. These include sounds ranging from droning hums to bloops and bleeps. Currently no other device is made specifically for generating these sounds. The user controls and manipulates the sounds produced using a combination of switches and knobs to shape the sound generation. The sounds are generated using analog electronics. The project was successful in meeting the desired goal by designing and building a Randomizer, MIDI controller, VCO, LFO, VCA, Ring Modulator, and Fuzz Section. The resulting device is useful …

Wireless Pedometer, Jeffrey Lease

Electrical Engineering

No abstract provided.

Protected Ir Input System, Kevin Ersoy

Electrical Engineering

The result of this project is a product that may be used to apply a digital input to a system without physically touching a device. The combination of a modulated IR signal and reflective technology produces this remote actuation. The signal emitter should produce the modulated IR light, and the receiver should continuously wait for this signal to be received. If the IR signal should encounter an obstruction causing reflection at the appropriate distance, it will be reflected directly into the receiving device. This project may be extended to include multiple duplicate systems in proximity by transmitting a modulated digital …

High Contrast Grayscale Object Tracking Embedded System Design, Scott Donald Neally

Electrical Engineering

The purpose of this project is to prove that a real-time object-tracking camera can be implemented using the Digilent NEXYS board with Xilinx Platform Studio. With great ambition I set to implement the camera with RGB color tracking of bright green objects. This would make segmentation between the object of interest and its background much easier, allowing less stringent requirements on the background color beyond the object. Because of time restraints, the actual implementation remains as 8-bit grayscale, where the object of interest is intended to be white and highly contrasted from its black background. A simple algorithm is used …

Automatic People Counting And Matching, John Sallay

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This thesis explores software algorithm for implementing a people counting and matching system to be used on a bus. A special camera is used, known as a texel camera, that generates depth and color information for a scene. This added information greatly facilitates both the tasks of matching and counting.

Although people counting is a relatively mature field, there are several situations in which current technologies are not able to count correctly. Several of these difficult situations are tested with 82% counting accuracy.

The idea of matching people on a bus is also developed. The goal is not to identify …

Design Of A Highly Constrained Test System For A 12-Bit, 16-Channel Wilkinson Adc, Zachary William Pannell

Masters Theses

Outer space is a very harsh environment that can cause electronics to not operate as they were originally intended. Aside from the extreme amount of radiation found in space, temperatures can also change very dramatically in a relatively small time frame. In order to test electronics that will be used in this environment, they first need to be tested on Earth under replicated conditions. Vanderbilt University designed a dewar that allows devices to be tested at these extreme temperatures while being radiated. For this thesis, a test setup that met all of the dewar's constraints was designed that would allow …

Swept-Frequency Sampled Grating Distributed Bragg Reflector Lasers Optimized For Optical Coherence Tomography Applications, Brandon J. George

Master's Theses

Swept Frequency Source Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) requires high repetition rate and wide spectral width wavelength tunable sources at a low cost. The sampled grating distributed Bragg reflector (SG-DBR) laser provides wide wavelength tuning range while exhibiting a wavelength switching speed that is among the fastest currently available. The SG-DBR laser is used to generate linear frequency ramps with high repetition rates. Since the SG-DBR laser is currently used for the telecommunications industry in high volume, the price of the system is much lower than current OCT sources. Therefore the SG-DBR laser provides a practical solution for Swept Source OCT. …

Electromagnetic Scattering Solutions For Digital Signal Processing, Jonathan Blackledge

Other resources

Electromagnetic scattering theory is fundamental to understanding the interaction between electromagnetic waves and inhomogeneous dielectric materials. The theory unpins the engineering of electromagnetic imaging systems over a broad range of frequencies, from optics to radio and microwave imaging, for example. Developing accurate scattering models is particularly important in the field of image understanding and the interpretation of electromagnetic signals generated by scattering events. To this end there are a number of approaches that can be taken. For relatively simple geometric configurations, approximation methods are used to develop a transformation from the object plane (where scattering events take place) to the …

Semi-Automatic Image Segmentation For Volumetric Visualization Of Pelvis Ct Scan-Images, Suprijanto Suprijanto, Farida I. Muchtadi, Irwan Setiawan

Makara Journal of Technology

Semi-Automatic Image Segmentation for Volumetric Visualization of Pelvis CT Scan-Images. The current development of computerized tomography (CT) has enable us to obtain cross sectional image using multi slicing techniques in an order of few seconds. The obtained images represent several tissue structures on cross section slice being imaged. One challenge to help diagnosis using CT images is extracting an anatomic structure of interest using a method of image segmentation and volumetric visualization with the assistance of computers. In case of volumetric visualization of pelvis bones extracted from multi-slice CT images, whole images which are containing part of pelvis bone structures …

Implementation Of Six Sigma Method To Maintain The Quality Of Construction Projects, Yusuf Latief, Retyaning Puji Utami

Makara Journal of Technology

Implementation of Six Sigma Method to Maintain The Quality of Construction Projects. Six sigma (6-sigma) is a method that widely developed in the world, especially in manufacturing industry to decrease failures in achieving good quality in construction projects. The objective of this research is to explore the existing condition of quality management and the aplication of 6-sigma method in maintaining quality of construction projects. Structured interviews to experienced experts and people who were recommended by their companies were conducted. Non-parametric analysis using frequencies distribution procedures were used for analysis. The result shows that existing condition in quality management of construction …

Simple Ml Detector For Multiple Antennas Communication System, Ahmad Taqwa, Soegijardjo Soegijoko, Sugihartono Sugihartono, Suhartono Tjondronegoro

Makara Journal of Technology

Simple ML Detector for Multiple Antennas Communication System. In order to support providing broadband wireless communication services against limited and expensive frequency bandwidth, we have to develop a bandwidth efficient system. Therefore, in this paper we propose a closed-loop MIMO (Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output) system using ML (Maximum Likelihood) detector to optimize capacity and to increase system performance. What is especially exciting about the benefits offered by MIMO is that a high capacity and performance can be attained without additional frequency-spectral resource. The grand scenario of this concept is the attained advantages of transformation matrices having capability to allocate transmitted signals power suit …

Effects Of Ph On Calcium Carbonate Precipitation Under Magnetic Field, Nelson Saksono, Yuliusman Yuliusman, Setijo Bismo, Roekmijati W. Soemantojo, Azwar Manaf

Makara Journal of Technology

Magnetic field effect on CaCO3 precipitation is the key parameter in evaluating the effectiveness of Anti-scale Magnetic Treatment (AMT). The purpose of this study was to investigate magnetic fields influence on CaCO3 precipitation in high and low super-saturated CaCO3 solution by varied pH CaCO3 solution using circulation flow fluid system. The observation results in the high super saturated solution (pH 8.5) showed the increase of precipited CaCO3 in magnetized solutions compared to those in non-magnetic solution during circulation process. In the low super-saturated CaCO3 solution (pH 6.4) it was found that magnetic treatment increased CaCO3 precipitation after circulation process. In …

Performance Of Hollow Fiber Membrane Gas-Liquid Contactors To Absorb Co2 Using Diethanolamine (Dea) As A Solvent, Sutrasno Kartohardjono, Pan Ade Nata, Eko Prasetio, Yuliusman Yuliusman

Makara Journal of Technology

This study uses DEA solution to absorb CO2 from the gas flow through the hollow fiber membrane contactors. This study aims to evaluate the performance of hollow fiber membrane contactors to absorb CO2 gas using DEA solution as solvent through mass transfer and hydrodynamics studies. The use of DEA solution is to reduce the mass transfer resistance in the liquid phase, and on the other side, the large contact area of the membrane surface can cover the disadvantage of membrane contactors; additional mass transfer resistance in the membrane phase. During experiments, CO2 feed flows through the fiber lumens, while the …

Potency Of Thermoelectric Generator For Hybrid Vehicle, Nandy Putra, Raldi Artono Koestoer, Mohammad Adhitya, Ardian Roekettino, Bayu Trianto

Makara Journal of Technology

Potency of Thermoelectric Generator for Hybrid Vehicle. Thermoelectric Generator (TEG) has been known as electricity generation for many years. If the temperature difference occurred between two difference semi conductor materials, the current will flow in the material and produced difference voltage. This principle is known as Seebeck effect that is the opposite of Peltier effect Thermoelectric Cooling (TEC). This research was conducted to test the potential of electric source from twelve peltier modules. Then, these thermoelectric generators were applied in hybrid car by using waste heat from the combustion engine. The experiment has been conducted with variations of peltier module …

Mechanical Properties Of Ramie Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Lamina Composite For Socket Prosthesis, Tresna P. Soemardi, Widjajalaksmi Kusumaningsih, Agustinus Purna Irawan

Makara Journal of Technology

Mechanical properties of ramie fiber reinforced epoxy lamina composite for socket prosthesis. This paper presents an investigation into the application of natural fiber composite especially ramie fiber reinforced epoxy lamina composite for socket prosthesis. The research focuses on the tensile and shear strength from ramie fiber reinforced epoxy lamina composite which will be applied as alternative material for socket prosthesis. The research based on American Society for Testing Material (ASTM) standard D 3039/D 3039M for tensile strength and ASTM D 4255/D 4255M-83 for shear strength. The ramie fiber applied is a fiber continue 100 % Ne14'S with Epoxy Resin Bakelite …

Intermetallic Cu3sn Phase Layer On Electrode’S Tip Of Galvanized Resistance Spot Welding, Muhammad Anis, Aulia Irsyadi, Deni Ferdian

Makara Journal of Technology

Intermetallic Cu3Sn Phase Layer on Electrode’s Tip of Galvanized Resistance Spot Welding. A resistance spot welding method is commonly used in automotive industries application. In a resistance spot welding method, the copper electrode has a significant role as an electric current carrier for joining thin metal sheet. This research was focused on studying the effect of tin layer at the electrode tip for joining galvanized steel sheet. The main variable of this research is in the thickness of the intermetallic Cu3Sn layer. The result showed that the introduction of tin layer less than 1 μm in thickness on the electrode …

Shaped Mems Contact, Ronald A. Coutu Jr., Paul E. Kladitis, Robert L. Crane

AFIT Patents

A MEMS switch fabrication process and apparatus inclusive of a bulbous rounded surface movable contact assembly that is integral with the switch movable element and achieving of long contact wear life with low contact electrical resistance. The disclosed process is compatible with semiconductor integrated circuit fabrication materials and procedures and includes an unusual photoresist reflow step in which the bulbous contact shape is quickly defined in three dimensions from more easily achieved integrated circuit mask and etching-defined precursor shapes. A plurality of differing photoresist materials are used in the process. A large part of the contact and contact spring formation …