Engineering Commons^™

Chemical Cleaning Process For Porable Water Distrubution Pipe Systems, Purdue Ect Team

ECT Fact Sheets

Aging potable water distribution pipe systems are becoming a major concern throughout the world. Deterioration of water quality and service as a result of micro biological tuberculation and corrosion continues to increase. Major costs for replacement or rehabilitation of distribution systems are being faced by most communities. The chemical cleaning solution is an organic oxide scavenger which is mixed with a predetermined quantity of muriatic acid and circulated through an isolated section of the water main.

Mmfx Microcomposite Steel (Mmfx2), Purdue Ect Team

ECT Fact Sheets

One of the major problems facing the construction industry today is the effect of corrosion on steel, and the inherent structural weaknesses it causes in highways, bridges and buildings. MMFX 2 rebar was developed through the use of nanotechnology by Dr. Gareth Thomas, graduate school professor of materials science at Univ. of California, Berkeley. It is highly corrosion resistant and equal, or in many cases, far superior to existing conventional carbon steel in its properties of strength, energy absorption, toughness, brittleness, ductility, and formability.

Verification Of Pilot-Scale Iron Release Models, Stephen Glatthorn

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

A model for the prediction of color release from a pilot distribution system was created in 2003 by Imran. This model allows prediction of the release of color from aged cast iron and galvanized steel pipes as a function of water quality and hydraulic residence time. Color was used as a surrogate measurement for iron, which exhibited a strong linear correlation. An anomaly of this model was an absence of a term to account for pH, due to the influent water being well stabilized. A new study was completed to evaluate the effectiveness of corrosion inhibitors against traditional adjustment. Two …

Effect Of Stay-In-Place Metal Forms On Performance Of Concrete Bridge Decks, Stephen Litster Frost

Theses and Dissertations

The objectives of this research were to investigate the effect of stay-in-place metal forms (SIPMFs) on the performance of concrete bridge decks in Utah. The research program included six bridge decks with SIPMFs and six decks without SIPMFs, which were all located within the Interstate 215 corridor in the vicinity of Salt Lake City, Utah, and therefore subject to similar traffic loading, climatic conditions, and maintenance treatments, including applications of deicing salts during winter months. All of the tested decks were constructed between 1984 and 1989 using epoxy-coated rebar. Several tests were performed at each of six locations on each …

Corrosion Evaluation Of Mechanically Stabilized Earth Walls, Tony L. Beckham, Liecheng Sun, Tommy C. Hopkins

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

Numerous reinforced walls and slopes have been built over the past four decades in Kentucky, the United States, as well as worldwide. Tensile elements used in constructing low-cost reinforcing walls and slopes consist of metal polymer strips or grids. Although reinforced structures have been used extensively, the effects of corrosion on the metal tensile elements are unknown. Mechanically stabilized earth walls are expected to remain stable for many decades. An examination of the effects of corrosion of metal tensile elements used to construct these walls can provide invaluable data regarding the longevity of reinforced walls and slopes. Four mechanically stabilized …

Avoid Sulfuric Acid Corrosion In Metallic Stacks, João F. Gomes

João F Gomes

Acidic gaseous effluents frequently cause corrosion on metallic stacks. This paper presents a method for prevision of probability of corrosion occurrence caused by gaseous effluents containing sulphur oxides which is based on the sulphur trioxide and moisture content measured in stack

Mathematical Modeling And Prediction Method Of Concrete Carbonation And Its Applications, Ming Te Liang, Wenjun Qu, Chih-Hsin Liang

Journal of Marine Science and Technology

The carbonation process of concrete is principally a diffusion phenomenon. The penetration rate of carbon dioxide depends mainly on the concrete quality and the exposure condition. Based on both Fick’s first and second laws of linear diffusion equations, the threedimensional equation of conservation of mass is expressed. This equation can be reduced to two- and one- dimensional equations of conservation of mass which can predict the carbonation depth beneath corners and the general surface of concrete structures, respectively. The objectives of this investigation are to measure the depth of carbonation from the free surface of a concrete member and to …

Performance-Related Specifications For Concrete Bridge Superstructures, Volume 1: Performance Parameters And Related Procedure For Concrete Bridge Superstructures, J. A. Ramirez, Jhon Paul Smith

JTRP Technical Reports

In Volume 1 of the final report, the identification of performance levels and parameters, and the development of acceptance criteria, have been addressed. Emphasis has been placed on the development of a methodology for a Performance Related Specification, PRS, for concrete bridge superstructures. The implementation of the methodology, presented in the form of a user-friendly computer program, is project specific. It requires the mean and standard deviation (or definition of a probability distribution) of the input parameters for the performance predictive models. This is done for both the as-designed condition and the as-built condition of the structure. The contractor is …

Performance-Related Specifications For Concrete Bridge Superstructures, Volume 4: Bond Of Epoxy-Coated Bars With Thicker Coatings, J. A. Ramirez, Michael K. Appelhans

JTRP Technical Reports

In Volume 4 of the final report, the results of an evaluation of the bond performance of epoxy-coated bars with a coating thickness up to 18 mils are presented. The experimental work on the bond performance of epoxy-coated bars with thickness up to 18 mils indicates that the current AASHTO requirements for development length of epoxy-coated bars up to #8 could be safely extended to coating thickness of up to 18 mils. Thus, no change to the bond specifications is recommended in order to implement the use of bars with diameters up to a #8 with epoxy-coating thickness up to …

Performance-Related Specifications For Concrete Bridge Superstructures, Volume 3: Nonmetallic Reinforcement, Robert J. Frosch, Christopher P. Mosley, Ahmet Koray Tureyen

JTRP Technical Reports

In Volume 3 of the final report, research work conducted to investigate the behavior of fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) reinforcement is summarized. This study focused on the behavior of FRP reinforced concrete structures with an emphasis on bond and shear. For the bond investigation, three series of beam splice tests were performed on specimens reinforced with steel, glass FRP, and aramid FRP to determine the effect of the different types of reinforcement on bond, cracking, and deflections. The test results indicate that the use of FRP reinforcement leads to lower bond strengths and, therefore, require longer development lengths. The specimen …

Development And Evaluation Of Cement-Based Materials For Repair Of Corrosion-Damaged Reinforced Concrete Slabs, Rongtang Liu, J. Olek

JTRP Technical Reports

In this study, the results of an extensive laboratory investigation conducted to evaluate the properties of concrete mixes used as patching materials to repair reinforced concrete slabs damaged by corrosion are reported. Seven special concrete mixes containing various combinations of chemical or mineral admixtures were developed and used as a patching material to improve the durability of the repaired slabs. Physical and mechanical properties of these mixes, such as compressive strength, static modulus of elasticity, dynamic modulus of elasticity, and shrinkage were evaluated. Durability-related parameters investigated included resistance of concrete to penetration of chloride ions and freeze-thaw resistance. The results …

Gfrp Reinforced Concrete Bridge Decks (Kyspr 96-169), David Deitz, Issam E. Harik, Hans Gesund

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

This report investigates the application of glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) rebars in concrete bridge decks as a potential replacement or supplement to conventional steel rebars. Tests were conducted to determine the material properties of the GFRP reinforcement, and experiments were performed to study aspects of GFRP rebar placement in actual bridge decks. These included observation of GFRP rebar handling characteristics and worker response during construction. Load tests of full-scale reinforced concrete specimens were conducted to evaluate the characteristics of three reinforcing schemes: (1) an epoxy coated steel (ECS) reinforcing scheme; (2) a GFRP reinforcing scheme, and (3) a Hybrid …

Methods Of Corrosion Protection And Durability Of Concrete Bridge Decks Reinforced With Epoxy-Coated Bars - Phase I, Lisa Michele Samples, J. A. Ramirez

JTRP Technical Reports

In this study, the results of an extensive field and laboratory investigation conducted to evaluate the corrosion performance of epoxy-coated reinforcement are reported. One hundred and twenty three concrete bridge decks containing epoxy-coated reinforcement, uncoated reinforcement, and various other corrosion protection systems were included in a field investigation. An initial visual inspection of these bridge decks showed that 44% had signs of distress from corrosion of the reinforcement. Six decks, representing 5% of the total sample, were selected for a second more detailed survey. Three of the six decks had epoxy-coated reinforcement. This number represents 11% of the total sample …

Field Inspections Of High-Performance Bridge Paints, Theodore Hopwood Ii, Edgar E. Courtney, James H. Havens

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

Paint inspections were performed on 19 steel bridges. Those structures employed various high-performance sacrificial and barrier paints. Those paints were used singly and in combination. The surface preparation varied for some of those paint systems.

The inspections included four girder bridges that had original paint and 15 others, mostly trusses that were repainted. Kentucky Transportation Center personnel also monitored several bridges during repainting operations. The inspections revealed that the original paint was in excellent condition. Most of the coatings on the repainted bridges were performing well. Some of those bridges have some spot corrosion. Only one of those bridges showed …

Calcium Nitrite As A Corrosion Inhibitor In Reinforced Concrete Bridge Decks, Theodore Hopwood Ii, David Q. Hunsucker, Edgar E. Courtney

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

The use of calcium nitrite es a corrosion-inhibiting admixture in reinforced concrete hes been studied on two bridges· the Kentucky 152 Bridge in Washington County and the Gose Road Bridge in Boyle County. Calcium nitrite was added to concrete used in the slabs, diaphragms and barriers of the KY 152 bridge and only in the slab of the Good Road bridge.

Construction of both structures was monitored in the fall of 1986. Placement of concrete on both bridges was satisfactory; however, problems were experienced in finishing the concrete. The finishing problems were related to: 1) concrete 'stickiness', 2) use of …

Inspection, Prevention, And Remedy Of Suspension Bridge Cable Corrosion Problems, Theodore Hopwood Ii, James H. Havens

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

This report discusses methods for visually inspecting cable suspension bridges for corrosion damage. The report discusses how to plan and perform such work, including the locations on cables where corrosion damage is likely to be detected. The report also provides recommendations for assessing the condition of suspension bridge wire. Recommendations also are included for remedial cable repair work should corrosion damage be detected.

Corrosion Of Cable Suspension Bridges, Theodore Hopwood Ii, James H. Havens

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

This report discusses corrosion problems encountered on the cables of suspension bridges. A historical review is given of past cable suspension bridge corrosion and related laboratory work.

Findings of inspections of suspension bridges at Maysville, KY, Covington, KY, and Portsmouth, OH, are discussed. Recommendations are presented.