Health and Physical Education Commons^™

“In The Skin I’M In…I Represent A Different Version Of What Help Looks Like:” Black Women Sport Psychology Professional’S Experiences In Applied Sport Psychology, Sharon R. Couch

Doctoral Dissertations

Black Feminist Applied Sport Psychology (BFASP) is a culturally inclusive theoretical framework for centering Black women’s experiences in applied sport psychology (Carter et al., 2020; Couch et al., 2022). For the past two decades, (White) Feminist applied sport psychology professionals (FASPPs) described the experiences of Black women as unique but were overlooked in research and participant pools due to the prioritization of White women's and Black male sport experiences. (Carter & Davila, 2017; Carter & Prewitt-White, 2014; Gill, 2020; Hyman et al., 2021). The purpose of this study was to explore the life and work experiences of BASPPs (i.e., faculty, …

Physical Activity And Body Image Of Women: Literature Review, Sonia Mosur-Kaluza, Monika Guszkowska

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

This study represents a review of literature on the relationship between recreational physical activity and the body image. This research encompasses 39 papers published between 2008 and 2015 that were available in the Academic Search Complete database. The results of comparative, prospective, and experimental research are ambiguous. These data suggest both a positive relationship between the body image and physical activity, i.e. a more positive body image among more active people and an improvement in the body image as a result of regular exercise, and a negative relationship, in particular, a more negative body image in persons engaging in “aesthetic” …

The Role Of Myofascial Massage In Spinal Pains In Professionally Active Women, Malgorzata Kawa, Karol Orlowski, Malgorzata Kowza-Dzwonkowska

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: Pain ailments of the spine are one of the most common diseases of the system of bones and joints. 75% to 85% of the world’s population suffer or will suffer from it, and lumbar pain is the most common cause of disability of persons over 45 years of age. They are usually the beginning of a chronic, often progressing ailments often leading to disability, incapacity to work and restrictions in daily life. Myofascial massage helps reduce pain sensations. Is a specific method of gradual stretching soft tissues and making muscle fibres more elastic. It reduces increased muscle tone, muscle …

Examining Body Image And Its Relationship To Exercise Motivation: An 18-Week Cardiovascular Program For Female Initiates With Overweight And Obesity, Erin S. Pearson, Craig R. Hall

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: A healthy body image is related to better psychological well-being and can also impact one’s likelihood to engage in health promoting behaviours such as exercise. To date, there has been a paucity of research investigating the relationship between body image and Self-Determination Theory’s motivational regulations as a function of exercise participation. The purpose of this study was to examine these constructs over the course of an 18-week cardiovascular-based program for female initiates aged 18-45 with overweight and obesity. Material/Methods: Participants (n = 37; mean weight = 83.8 kg; mean waist circumference = 38.3 inches) were provided with a personalized …

The Views Of Women Practising Artistic Gymnastics, Rhythmic Gymnastics And Acrobatics Gymnastics On Their Disciplines, Anna Perzynska-Biskup, Leon Biskup, Stanislaw Sawczyn

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: Physical culture covers a number of forms of physical activity, with sport being the most specialized form of participation. Rapid development of sport in recent years has contributed not only to the rise in the level of competitive sport but it also made the processes of social transitions to be reflected on a wider scale. The goal of this study is to demonstrate the views on professional sports from two generations of women who have practiced gymnastics. The main focus was on the presentation of gymnastics in the perspective of other disciplines and its place in everyday life of …

Physical Activity And Other Selected Determinants Of The Body Mass Index (Bmi) In Women Aged 40–65 With Type 2 Diabetes From The Krakow Population, Maria Gacek, Agnieszka Wojtowicz

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: Excessive body mass is a key risk factor of type 2 diabetes. The aim of the study was to analyse selected determinants of the BMI (body mass index) in women aged 40–65 with type 2 diabetes from the Krakow population. The predictive model includes demographic (age), health (duration of diabetes) as well as behavioural (volume of physical activity) and psychological (life satisfaction) data. Material and methods: ‪The study was conducted among a group of 276 women aged 40–65 (47.92±5.53) with type 2 diabetes. The authors used a specially designed questionnaire, which included socio-demographic questions as well as self-assessment of …

Influence Of Experimental Training With External Resistance In A Form Of “Kettlebell” On Selected Components Of Women’Sphysical Fitness, Tadeusz Ambrozy, Lucyna Kiszczak, Jaroslaw Omorczyk, Mariusz Ozimek, Tomasz Palka, Dawid Mucha, Arkadiusz Stanula, Dariusz Mucha

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

An aim of this work was to determine the influence of women’s experimental training using kettlebells on selected components of physical fitness. Two groups of women, experimental (N = 20) and control (N = 20), took part in this study. In order to determine the influence of the training program developed by the present authors, participants were subjected to examinations aimed to assess the level of selected components of physical fitness (speed of hand movements, flexibility, explosive strength of lower limbs muscles, strength endurance of abdominal muscles and hip flexors, strength endurance of upper limbs muscles and the shoulder girdle, …

A Comparison Of Psychological Well-Being In Athlete And Non-Athlete Women, Ghorban Hemati Alamdarloo, Setareh Shojaee, Enayatollah Asadmanesh, Homa Sheikhani Shahin, Aghdas Rangani, Sara Negahdarifard

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: The present study was aimed to compare psychological well-being in athlete and non-athlete women. Material/Methods: The statistical population of the present study included all athlete and non-athlete women in Shiraz, Iran. The sample consisted of 764 subjects (382 athletes, 382 non- athletes), of which the athlete and non-athlete samples were selected by Gerjesy and Morgan’ sample size table and purposeful sampling method, respectively. Also, Ryff's psychological well-being scale (Ryff, 1989) was used for measuring subjects’ psychological well-being. Independent t-test and multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) tests were used for data analysis. Results: The results showed a significant difference between …

Developmental Tendencies Of Results In Female Heptathlon In The Olympic Games During The Years 1984–2008, Katarzyna Majchrzak, Maria Kamrowska-Nowak, Krzysztof Byzdra

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: The aim of this study is to assess a change tendency of the results in heptathlon and in particular events of this discipline. Material/Methods: In the research the authors used results achieved in heptathlon in the Olympic Games during the years 1984–2008. Top 20 female athletes of general standing were taken into consideration. MS Excel 2007 spreadsheet program and a method of document analysis were used to analyse and assess a change tendency. Results: Mean values achieved in particular events showed that the highest results, which were above the average in each Olympic Games, occurred in 1992 and 2008. …

Having Children And Physical Activity Level And Other Types Of Pro-Health Behaviour Of Women From The Perspective Of The Theory Of Planned Behaviour, Piotr Wlodarczyk, Artur Ziolkowski

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: The subject of the paper is pro-health behaviour of women (N=477) who have children (N=124) and those who have no children (N=353). The Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) by Icek Ajzen, in the light of which the differences in the health behaviour level of the sample group are considered, constitutes the theoretical basis of this work. Material/Methods: The research group consisted of women at the age of 19–36 (M=27,5 yrs of age SD=4 yrs of age). The Health and Behaviour Survey Questionnaire by Steptoe and Wardle was used for the measurement. Four scales of healthy behaviour values, i.e., taking …

Quantitative And Qualitative Evaluation Of Motor Coordination Abilities In Gymnast Girls Aged 7–9 Years, Kazimierz Kochanowicz, Lola Brygida Boraczynska, Tomasz Boraczynski

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: The aim of the paper was to build evaluation criteria of selected motor coordination abilities, useful in optimization of training in young gymnast girls, at the initial stage of sport training. Material/Methods: 18 gymnast girls aged 7–9 years old from the Sports School in Olsztyn took part in this study. In order to evaluate selected motor coordination abilities, three tests were used. The first test was taken on dynamometric platform on which subjects performed the Ellipsis test four times. This test is based on controlling the position of the centre of body mass using a dynamometric platform. The tested …

How To Hiit While Pregnant? The Protocol Characteristics And Effects Of High Intensity Interval Training Implemented During Pregnancy – A Systematic Review, Anna Szumilewicz, Rita Santos-Rocha, Aneta Worska, Magdalena Piernicka, Hongli Yu, Simona Pajaujiene, Najmeh-Alsadat Shojaeian, Miguel Angel Moviedo-Caro

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

There is strong scientific evidence that prenatal physical activity of moderate-to-high in-tensity is a prerequisite of the proper course of pregnancy, childbirth and fetus development. How-ever, to date little data have been available on high intensity interval training (HIIT) performed during pregnancy. Following the PRISMA guidelines, this systematic review aimed at: first, to characterize HIIT protocols used or planned to be implemented during pregnancy; second, to determine their training effects on participant’s health and obstetric outcomes. We included nine original works and three clinical trials in the analysis. The HIIT protocols substantially differed in terms of the training components (type, …

The Lived Experiences Of African American Women Enrolled In Or Graduated From A Doctoral Program And Have Experienced Adverse Childhood Experiences (Aces): A Phenomenological Study, Alicia Williams

Dissertations

Purpose: The purpose of this heuristic phenomenological study is to describe and understand the lived experiences of African American women who are enrolled in or graduated from a doctoral program and have experienced Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) in regards to the supports received and barriers experienced in their life journey toward enrolling in a doctoral program. Methodology: The methodology used for this study was a heuristic phenomenological approach which explored the factors of supports received and barriers experienced during the childhood of African American women who experienced ACEs and still pursued a doctorate degree. The study revealed the commonalities among …

Laterality In The Power Five And Group Of Five Conferences In Women's College Softball, Jon C. Nachtigal

Health, Exercise, and Sports Sciences ETDs

Females in sport are under-represented in data and analysis when compared to their male counterparts. This disparity also applies to women’s softball in comparison to men’s baseball. To help fill this gap, this study evaluated the extent and impact of laterality in women’s college softball’s Power Five and Group of Five conferences from 2015-2017.

This study focused on the extent of a left-sided lateral preference in women’s college softball, possible interactions between throwing hand and batting preference, to what extent the platoon effect exists in the sport, and the extent of positional bias in the sport. As one of the …

The Effects Of Aerobic Exercise On State And Trait Body Image And Physical Fitness Among College Women, Sherri L. Hensley

Theses and Dissertations in Urban Services - Urban Education

Cumulative evidence shows body dissatisfaction is a salient problem among women, and is linked to various psychological disorders and disturbances. While numerous perspectives regarding the negative body-image phenomenon exist, one area of scientific inquiry is the relationship between physical exercise and body image. With the current sociocultural emphasis on physical fitness and attractiveness, the effects of exercise on body image warrants serious consideration. The present investigation compared 57 women who participated in a 13-week aerobic exercise program to 29 sedentary control women on the following variables: state and trait body image, cardiorespiratory fitness, and body composition. The exercising women were …

Two Parallel Studies Investigating The Immediate And Longitudinal Attitude Values Of College Women Toward Elective Physical Activity, Rebecca Marie Lang

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

This parallel investigation was conducted to survey and to determine the immediate and longitudinal attitude values in selected college women following participation in elective physical activity classes. The expressed attitudes were measured by a modified Carlos L. Wear Physical Education Attitude Inventory adapted for use in this present study by the investigator.

Four experimental groups were chosen according to the cluster sampling technique, representing two life-time sport course offerings of badminton and women's fitness. Seventeen women enrolled in the fall fitness class and fourteen women in the fall badminton classes, comprised the longitudinal sample for this study. The spring semester …

A Study Of The Professional Life And Contributions Of Miss Eleanor Frost Snell To Women's Physical Education And Athletics, Harriet A. Gould

Eleanor Frost Snell Programs, Correspondence and Other Documents

This 112 page thesis by Harriet A. Gould (Metzger), Ursinus College Class of 1968, was submitted to the Graduate Council of Trenton State College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Health and Physical Education. This biographical study explores the career and accomplishments, as well as the philosophy and coaching techniques, of Eleanor Snell who taught and coached for forty years at Ursinus College.