Education Commons^™

Effects Of Exergaming On Health And Fitness Outcomes For Students With Disabilities: A Meta-Analysis, Jordan Mauch

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

While research on VR gaming and Exergaming is in its infancy, both are interventions that have demonstrated positive results such as promoting physical activity participation and positive attitudes towards physical activity in children and adolescents. Exergaming has also been shown to be effective in increasing physical activity in children, and children with disabilities may find exergaming to be an enjoyable alternative to traditional physical activity due to increased accessibility and the focus on both gross and fine motor skills. In studies of VR and/or exergaming with participants with cerebral palsy and autism spectrum disorder, researchers reported increases in motor function …

The Effect Of Brain Breaks On Student Academic Performance And Behaviors In The K-12 School Setting; A Meta-Analysis, Jesse Singh

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

The purpose of this meta-analysis is to examine the effect of brain breaks on academic performance and in-class behaviors in the K-12 educational setting. Also, to conduct subgroup (moderator) analyzes to determine if Brain Breaks were more effective for specific (school and student) population characteristics. Standard meta-analytical procedures were used to determine inclusion criteria, article searches in electronic databases, coding procedures, and statistical methods to synthesize data. Moderator and outcome variables were assessed using coding procedures to understand if Brain Breaks were effective or not. The brain break interventions researched in this study have shown to produce variable results in …

The Effectiveness Of Practicums On Preservice Physical Educators’ Attitudes And Self-Efficacy Toward Teaching Individuals With Disabilities., Megan E. Johnson

Dissertations, Theses, and Projects

The aim of this study was to explain the effects a practicum had on the attitudes and perceived self-efficacy of preservice physical educators toward teaching students with disabilities in an inclusive learning environment. Existing literature established most physical educators receive one semester-long course in adapted physical education (APE), which often leads to feelings of unpreparedness and negative attitudes toward teaching students with disabilities in the general physical education (GenPE) classroom. The present study utilized a mixed-methods approach to combine quantitative data results from the Physical Educators Attitudes toward Teaching Individuals with Disabilities (PEATID-III) survey (Rizzo, 1993) and qualitative data findings …

Evaluating The Impact Of Video Based Instruction And Immediate Feedback On The Performance Of Three Gross Motor Skills For Participants With Down Syndrome, Alyssa Gadberry

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of video based instruction combined with immediate visual feedback on the performance of three different gross motor skills for children with Down Syndrome (DS). The participants in this study are two children with DS. They were selected for this study based upon these qualifying factors: enrolled in a moderate/severe special day class, enrolled in a title one school, have Down syndrome and displayed deficits in gross motor abilities based upon the administration of the Total Gross Motor Development-3 (TGMD-3) assessment. The research design is a multiple baseline design where three …

"Everybody Wants To Be Included": Experiences With 'Inclusive' Strategies In Physical Education, Katherine Holland, Justin A. Haegele, Xihe Zhu, Jonna Bobzien

Human Movement Sciences & Special Education Faculty Publications

This study examined how students with orthopedic impairments experienced strategies identified in the literature to support ‘inclusion’. An interpretative phenomenological analysis research approach was used, and six students with orthopedic impairments (age 10–14 years) served as participants. Data sources were written prompts, semi-structured, audiotaped interviews, and reflective interview notes. Based on thematic data analysis, four themes were constructed: “It’s kind of embarrassing”: experiences with support; “I don’t want to be different”: equipment, activity, and rule modifications; “I like to be a part of the conversation”: autonomy and choice in PE; and “I would rather be like the other students”: discussing …

A Guidebook For Adapted Physical Educators: Connecting The Domains Of Learning To Evidence-Based Practices, Kalyn G. Ruland

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

I created a guidebook for Adapted Physical Educators (APE) as a resource on how they can use Evidence-Based Practices (EBP's) created by The National Professional Development Center for Autism Spectrum Disorder (NPDC on ASD) to meet the Domains of Learning. The goal for this guidebook was to help bridge the gap between educational research and practice in the classroom. EBP’s are a form of research based interventions that are made easily accessible for busy educators. The main audience for the guidebook is Adapted Physical Education Teachers, with a secondary audience of Special Education and general education teachers. This guidebook was …

Physical Education Teachers' Instructional Adaptations To Teach Motor Skills To Children With Language Disorders, Kristen Morgan

Dissertations

Children with language disorders have a unique blend of impairments related to communication, memory (Gray et al., 2019; Montgomery et al., 2019), executive functioning (Kapa & Plante, 2015), motor skills (Hill, 2001), imitation, gestures (Wray et al., 2017), and reaching early motor milestones (Diepeveen et al., 2018). These deficits may negatively affect learning motor skills in physical education (PE). Instructional adaptations to overcome these learning impairments in PE has not been greatly explored in the literature. Nor has teachers’ level of self-efficacy in providing adaptations to children with language disorders. The purpose of this study was to examine instructional adaptations …

“Hey, I’Ve Got This Kid”: A Study Of Multimodal Semiotics In Adapted Physical Education Strategies, Nancy Morrow Crowe

Theses and Dissertations

General education physical education (GPE) teachers currently face difficulties in providing for the special needs of students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in inclusion GPE classes. In addition, there is currently no best practice in how to present information on adapted physical education (APE ) strategies to GPE teachers effectively. This study aims to address the problem of practice through a multimodal semiotic approach in offering GPE teachers APE strategies to implement in their inclusion classes. Specially, the study investigates three GPE teachers as they participate in multimodal semiotics and employ APE strategies in inclusion classes. Three GPE teachers were …

A Review Of The Evidence Supporting Play-Based Learning For Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Josh Wilson

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) has become more prevalent through more diagnosis, with about 1 in 54 being diagnosed with ASD (Center for Disease Control, 2016). With more children being diagnosed with ASD, more services are needed. Adapted Physical Education (APE) is a direct service provided for children with disabilities, and APE teachers should use proven methods to effectively and efficiently assist these children in their area of need. Play-based learning has proven to help improve many social, communication, social skill engagement and play behaviors in children with ASD so play-based learning should be utilized more within the context of APE …

Lived Experiences Of Novice Public School Adapted Physical Education Teachers: A Phenomenological Study, Joyce M. Sakai

CUP Ed.D. Dissertations

The purpose of this phenomenological study was to investigate the lived experiences of novice public school adapted physical education (APE) teachers and how their experiences affected their self-efficacy and job satisfaction. This dissertation is an original independent research project that contributes to the field of educational practice and knowledge. Five male and five female APE teachers who have taught in public schools for three years or less within California represented the population of this study. Bandura’s (1986) theory of self-efficacy and Knowles’s (1984) theory of andragogy was the foundation for the conceptual framework of this study because they represent factors …

Effects Of A Physical Activity Educational Program On Parents Self-Efficacy For Facilitating Independent Physical Activity For Their Children With Disabilities, Dahnika Y. Romero

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

Children and youth with disabilities have a higher risk of obesity than typically developing peers in part due to low physical activity levels. Increasing physical activity can increase children's’ health related quality of life, psychological well-being, and contribute to the prevention or delay of chronic diseases. One way to increase physical activity is by getting parents involved as facilitators of activity but they do not always have the skills to do so. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a 5-session physical activity educational program on parental self-efficacy for facilitating independent physical activity for their …

Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (Adhd) In A Physical Education/Physical Activity Environment: Meta Analysis, Jessica Giesige

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

Researchers have reported a limited number of studies on best-practices to improve performances in the physical education setting for children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD; Verret, 2010). The purpose of this study was to provide an analysis of literature on the current teaching practices to improve student performance in the physical education environment for children with ADHD. The following databases SportsDiscus, PsychINFO, PsychARTICLES, PubMed/Medline, ProQuest, Child Development and Adolescent Studies, and ERIC from 1970 to 2017 were used for this literature search. Results from this investigation demonstrated no significant results in behavioral outcomes in aggression, anxiety/depression, attention, externalized/internalized problems, …

The Effects Of Engaging In Family Centered Physical Activity Program On Physical Activity Levels Of Families With A Child With A Disability, Mia Owens

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

Problem: Children with disabilities are less likely to reach the daily recommendation (60 minutes) of physical activity a day. Participating in physical activity every day can significantly decrease the chances of developing chronic, secondary and associated conditions while also increasing moral, cognitive function, and wellbeing. Parental support and role modeling of positive physical activity behaviors can influence the activity levels of their child. Purpose: To analyze the effects of engaging in a family centered physical activity program on physical activity levels of kids with disabilities and their families. Method: A 7 week summer program where a family self-reports …

The Effect Of The Teaching Practicum Setting On The Beliefs Of Pre-Service Physical Educators About Inclusion In Physical Education, Jacob Cheek

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

Abstract

The effect of the teaching practicum setting on the beliefs of pre-service physical educators about inclusion in physical education

Jacob Cheek

BACKGROUND: In order for students with disabilities to be successful in physical education, pre-service physical educators need to gain experience in applying the necessary skills and knowledge. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of placement experience on the beliefs of pre-service physical educators about inclusion and teaching students with disabilities in physical education. METHODS: The ‘Physical Educator’s Judgments on Inclusion’ (PEJI) instrument was completed prior to, and after, involvement in a practicum experience …

The Effect Of Online Education On Pre-Service Teachers’ Knowledge Of Peer Tutoring, Dominic S. Ratto

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

The purpose of this study was to find the effectiveness of online education compared to text-based education when teaching pre-service educators about peer tutoring in physical education. As students with disabilities are being more regularly included in general education classes, it is important that pre-service teachers have ample and quality opportunities to learn about important topics and strategies within education, such as peer tutoring. This study compared knowledge scores between the experimental group (online education) and the control group (text-based education). The online education group received the knowledge through podcasts that were created using Mayer’s principles for multimedia learning. No …

Evidence-Based Assessment In Adapted Physical Education- Affective Outcomes: A Meta-Analysis, Breanna L. Ketel

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

Currently there is a lack of evidence about assessment in adapted physical education (APE) settings concerning the justification for methods or curricula being implemented by teachers in their classrooms, that is perhaps due to a lack of understanding of the central notion of evidence-based practices (Jin & Yun, 2010). The purpose of the current investigation was to conduct a meta-analytic review that evaluates assessment practices to determine the overall effect on specific student affective outcomes. A secondary purpose was to evaluate the moderating effects of different methodological, sample, and study variables. Electronic database searches were performed in SPORT …

Evidence-Based Assessment In Adapted Physical Education On Psychomotor Outcomes: A Meta-Analysis, Sam R. Diskin

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

There is little data to show evidence-based practices in adapted physical education and whether it is working or not. There is a lack of information currently on the frequency that assessments are being done, on the disabilities that are being assessed or should be assessed with each test, and on the uses of the assessments that are being done. The aim of this paper is to assess and synthesize all evidence-based practices on psychomotor outcomes in adapted physical education using a meta-analysis. Data was sourced from computerized searches using the following databases: SPORT Discus, PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, Pub Med (Medline), Cochrane …

Adapted Physical Education: Where Does It Stand?, Danielle M. Wilkins

All Capstone Projects

Sixty-six teachers were surveyed regarding adapted physical education. The three types of teachers surveyed were physical education, special education, and general education. The teachers' perceptions to the importance and necessity of adapted physical education were analyzed. The findings showed most physical education teachers felt training was inadequate in their preservice program, as well as in professional development to teach students with disabilities. Discussion of the results and implications for further research are provided.

Experiences Of Middle School Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders In Adapted Physical Education, Arkansas Josephine Blagrave

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

School-age children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are rarely asked to describe their experiences within the programs that they receive and are largely missing from the narrative of their own lives. Adapted physical education (APE), a subdiscipline of physical education, is one of the services frequently accessed by this population. Current literature on the experiences of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has focused on special education classrooms, sensory perceptions, and general physical education classes. However, no prior studies had addressed how school-age children with ASD perceive their APE experience. Therefore, the purpose of this qualitative study was to use …

Fitness, Friendship, And Fun: University Sponsored Community Pe Program, Wendi Wilcox Stanley, George M. De Marco, Lloyd L. Laubach, Corinne M. Daprano

Corinne M. Daprano

This paper describes a University-sponsored community physical education program and the feedback received about it from teachers, children, and the college students who oversaw it. The program, called Fitness, Friendship, and Fun, was staffed by 65 first-year student interns from the University of Dayton; four graduate assistants; and two university professors. It began with 65 male and female elementary students, primarily from the fifth and sixth grades at a nearby elementary school.

Are Australian Pre-Service Physical Education Teachers Prepared To Teach Inclusive Physical Education?, Scott J. Pedersen, Paul D. Cooley, Keira Hernandez

Australian Journal of Teacher Education

Abstract: Australian pre-service physical education (PE) teachers must be prepared for the reality of teaching in inclusive classrooms. Past studies have indicated that the amount of academic preparedness can affect pre-service PE teachers’ intentions to successfully teach in inclusive settings. The current study measured these intentions in a sample of pre-service PE teachers from two different universities. This modified survey required participants to respond to two separate scenarios: one teaching inclusive PE to a student with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and one to a student with autism. All participants completed an adapted PE unit with an embedded practicum of different …

A Continuum Of Paraeducator Support For Utilization In Adapted Physical Education, Justin A. Haegele, Francis M. Kozub

Human Movement Sciences & Special Education Faculty Publications

This article describes three different ways of using paraeducators during adapted physical education. (1.) Having paraeducators read a portion of the lesson plan that describes the desired support towards lesson objectives. Paraeducators then assist all students when needed. (2.) Assigning specific modifications for paraeducators through the IEP process. These modifications maybe designed for a single child and listed in the lesson plan. The paraeducator then provides specific support for a particular child. (3.) Using video modeling to create media clips for paraeducators to view prior to assisting children during the lesson. The media clips include modeling of key lesson concepts …

Fitness, Friendship, And Fun: University Sponsored Community Pe Program, Wendi Wilcox Stanley, George M. De Marco, Lloyd L. Laubach, Corinne M. Daprano

Health and Sport Science Faculty Publications

This paper describes a University-sponsored community physical education program and the feedback received about it from teachers, children, and the college students who oversaw it. The program, called Fitness, Friendship, and Fun, was staffed by 65 first-year student interns from the University of Dayton; four graduate assistants; and two university professors. It began with 65 male and female elementary students, primarily from the fifth and sixth grades at a nearby elementary school.