Education Commons^™

G06-806 Chinch Bug Management, Robert J. Wright, Barbara P. Ogg, Stephen D. Danielson

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

The life cycle and control of the chinch bug is discussed with descriptions of possible management options in the 2006 NebGuide.

Nf05-653 Pyemotes Itch Mites, James A. Kalisch, David L. Keith, Alberto R. Broce

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Two North American Species of itch mites — the straw itch mite and the "oak leaf gall mite" (Family Pyemotidae) — are found in Nebraska and Kansas. The straw itch mite was known in the early 1900s as a nuisance pest after farm workers handled small grains. Wheat, oats, and barley were often infested with insects on which the itch mites fed, allowing them to reach large numbers by harvest. The oak leaf gall mite recently discovered in galls on pin oaks in Lincoln, Neb., and Manhattan, Kan., is believed to be a relatively recent introduction to the United States. …

Nf05-633 Soybean Rust: How Great Is The Threat For Nebraska?, Loren J. Giesler

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Soybean rust is a serious foliar disease that has caused significant crop losses in other parts of the world. It was first detected in the United States in November 2004 and has since been identified in several southeastern states. The fact that wind-borne spores principally spread soybean rust suggests it will be a seasonal problem in Nebraska.

This NebFact discusses the symptoms, life cycle, host range, potential impact on soybean production, and management of soybean rust in the state of Nebraska.

Nf04-599 Soybean Aphid Management In Nebraska, Thomas E. Hunt

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

The soybean aphid (Aphis glycines) is Nebraska's newest soybean insect pests, arriving in the United States in 2000 and in Nebraska in 2002. Yield losses of over 20 percent have been documented in some northeast Nebraska fields.

This NebFact covers the description, initial observations, life cycle and injury, and management of the soybean aphid in Nebraska.

Nf02-551 Management Of Blister Beetles In Alfalfa, John B. Campbell, Steve Ensley

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Adult blister beetles (Epicauta spp.) tend to be gregarious, and several may be observed feeding on the same flowering plant such as alfalfa or sometimes soybeans, goldenrod or occasionally musk thistle, They feed primarily on leaves and flowers but do little damage to crops.

This NebFact discusses the life cycle, damage, treatment, and prevention avoidance of the blister beetle here in Nebraska.

Nf97-328 A Guide To Grasshopper Control In Cropland (Revised May 2004), Gary L. Hein, John B. Campbell

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Grasshoppers have been a major concern to farmers and ranchers since Nebraska was first settled. The potential for devastation, while still serious, is not as great as it was 100 years ago because many of the prime grasshopper breeding areas along the eastern slopes of the Rocky Mountains are now under tillage. Statewide, grasshopper populations fluctuate in cycles with large numbers occurring for two to four years, followed by moderate numbers for several years.

This NebFact discusses grasshopper damage to cropland, how to determine when control is required and methods of control.

Nf97-327 A Guide To Grasshopper Control In Yards And Gardens, Gary L. Hein, John B. Campbell, Ronald C. Seymour

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebFact discusses grasshopper damage to yards and gardens, strategies to reduce the problem, and methods to achieve control.

Nf97-329 A Guide To Grasshopper Control On Rangeland, John B. Campbell, Patrick E. Reece, Gary L. Hein

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide discusses effects of grasshoppers on rangeland, how to manage rangeland to minimize grasshopper impact, how to monitor grasshopper populations, and how to select and apply insecticides when control measures are needed.

G96-1302 Managing Varroa In The Midwest, Marion D. Ellis, Frederick P. Baxendale

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

There are important regional differences in varroa population dynamics and control. This NebGuide offers recommendations on varroa management for beekeepers in the Midwest.

Varroa management has become an essential aspect of successful beekeeping since the mite was first discovered in the United States in 1987. Unlike most parasites which coexist with their host, varroa eventually destroy honey bee colonies of European descent. A good understanding of this important bee parasite is essential for successful beekeeping.

Nf96-302 Pillbugs And Sowbugs, David L. Keith, Frederick P. Baxendale

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebFact has information on pillbugs and sowbugs.

Nf96-303 Millipedes And Centipedes, David L. Keith, Frederick P. Baxendale

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebFact has information on millipedes and centipedes.

G96-1295 Scabies, Wayne L. Kramer, Donald E. Mock

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

The life cycle, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of scabies infestations in humans is addressed.

Scabies is a contagious disease of humans and other mammals. It is caused by the mite, Sarcoptes scabiei, which burrows into the dead layer of the human skin (stratum corneum). Sarcoptic mites are obligate parasites which spend most of their lives in burrows in the skin. If the mite invades a person's skin, and establishes itself, symptoms of scabies will become apparent, although it may take four to six weeks.

Scabies is transmitted from person to person by close personal and prolonged skin contact. Transmission also …

G95-1270 Sclerotinia Stem Rot Of Soybeans, James R. Steadman, S. Rutledge, D. Merrell, David Wysong

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Life cycle, symptoms, and control measures of sclerotinia stem rot of soybeans is discussed.

Sclerotinia stem rot of soybeans is caused by the fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. This pathogen has an extremely wide host range and can affect more than 400 plant species, including oilseed, vegetable and forage legume crops. S. sclerotiorum has caused a disease known as white mold on dry edible beans in western Nebraska for 40 years, but it did not become a problem in soybeans until the 1990s. This fungal pathogen can be found on soybeans in Illinois, Iowa, Michigan, Ohio, Minnesota, Wisconsin, and North Dakota. …

G94-1208 Managing The Alfalfa Weevil, Stephen D. Danielson, Thomas E. Hunt, Keith J. Jarvi

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

The identification and life cycle of the alfalfa weevil are discussed along with scouting techniques, economic thresholds, and other integrated pest management tactics.

The alfalfa weevil is the primary insect pest of alfalfa in Nebraska. Management is essential to reduce crop losses, particularly during years when weevil infestation is high. Because there also are years when weevil damage is economically unimportant, it is necessary for growers to become familiar with sampling procedures, management guidelines, and control recommendations so control techniques are not used unnecessarily.

G93-1183 Butterfly Gardening, Dale T. Lindgren, Stephen M. Spomer, Amy Greving

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide outlines planting schemes and arrangements that will help attract butterflies to a garden area.

Butterflies can be found in almost any part of Nebraska, from the Pine Ridge's coniferous forests and across the grasslands of the Sandhills to the deciduous forests along the Missouri River. Watching butterflies, much like bird watching or observing wildflowers has become a popular and enjoyable pastime. Since many natural butterfly habitats have been lost to urbanization and other development, some environmental organizations have incorporated butterfly conservation into their programs. Many people are taking a personal interest in attracting these fascinating insects to their …

G92-1103 White Mold Of Dry Beans, James R. Steadman, Howard F. Schwartz, Eric D. Kerr

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

White mold symptoms, infection and control are covered here.

One of the most important diseases affecting dry beans in western Nebraska and Colorado is white mold caused by the fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. In a recent year, losses from this disease averaged as high as 20 percent, with a few individual field losses exceeding 65 percent.

G92-1100 Sugar Beet Nematode, Eric D. Kerr, F.A. Gray, G.D. Franc

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Symptoms, life cycle and control of sugar beet nematodes are among the topics covered here.

The sugar beet nematode, schachtii, is a major parasite of sugar beets, causing serious stand and yield reductions. It was first identified in 1859 on sugar beets near Halle, Germany. It was first observed in the United States as early as 1895 and was reported in two fields near Gering, Nebraska in 1926.

G92-1112 Lice Control On Cattle, John B. Campbell

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Identifying and controlling lice on cattle both are covered here.

Cattle lice may be the most underestimated livestock insect in terms of economic losses. The USDA estimates that U.S. livestock producers lose $125 million a year to cattle lice.

Heavy louse populations cause lowered milk production, loss of flesh, stunted growth, general unthriftiness and anemia. "Chronic" or "carrier" cows may abort due to louse-induced anemia. During severe winters, louse-infested animals are more susceptible to respiratory diseases.

G90-974 The Beaf Leaf Beetle In Soybeans (Revised September 1994), Thomas E. Hunt, J. F. Witkowski, Robert J. Wright, Keith J. Jarvi

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

The identification and life cycle of the bean leaf beetle are discussed along with scouting techniques, economic thresholds, and cultural control tactics.

The bean leaf beetle is a common insect found in Nebraska soybean fields. The insect also feeds on peas, snap beans, and dry beans. Although present in alfalfa and sweet clover in the early spring before soybean emerges, the insect is not known to damage either legume.

Use integrated pest management (IPM) when planning how to reduce bean leaf beetle damage. Integrated pest management is a sustainable approach to managing pests by combining biological, cultural, physical, and chemical …

G86-789 Human Lice And Their Control, Shripat T. Kamble, David L. Keith, Wayne L. Kramer

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide includes information on biology and control of three species of lice that infest humans.

Pediculosis (lice infestation) in humans has been known since ancient times. Three types of lice that infest humans: 1) head lice, 2) body lice, and 3) crab or pubic lice.

Lice are small, flat, dirty white to grayish black, wingless insects. Their legs are short and stout, with a large claw on each leg for grasping and holding onto hair. Lice have piercing and sucking mouth parts. These insects are blood feeders and require close contact with human hosts.

G86-806 Chinch Bug Management (Revised January 1993), Barbara P. Spike, Robert J. Wright, Stephen D. Danielson

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

The life cycle and control of the chinch bug is discussed, with descriptions of possible management options.

The chinch bug is a native North American insect that can destroy cultivated grass crops, especially sorghum and corn, and occasionally small grains, such as wheat and barley. Broad-leaved plants are immune to feeding damage. Crop damage from this insect is most often found in southeast Nebraska and northeast Kansas and is associated with dry weather, especially in the spring and early summer months. Chinch bugs have few effective natural enemies. Ladybird beetles and other common insect predators found in Nebraska prefer to …

G86-792 Spiders, David L. Keith, Stephen D. Danielson, Timothy P. Miller

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide describes the most common species of spiders found in Nebraska, including the black widow and brown recluse, and how to control them.

General Description and Habits

Spiders can be distinguished easily from insects. All spiders have two major body regions and four pair of legs; insects have three body regions and three pair of legs. Spiders vary widely in color, shape, size, and habits. All produce venom that is poisonous to their normal prey. Few spiders are considered dangerous to humans, however. These animals are predacious by nature and use their venom, which is injected through hollow fangs …

Ec86-1548 Common Insect Pests Of Trees In The Great Plains, Mary Ellen Dix, Judith E. Pasek, Mark O. Harrell, Frederick P. Baxendale

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This publication was developed by entomologists on the Pest Management Task Force of the Great Plains Agricultural Council Forestry Committee to provide the public and professionals with information needed to identify and manage common insect pests of trees in the Great Plains. It is designed for those with no formal training in entomology and is not intended to summarize everything known about a particular insect.

G84-717 Fleas And Their Management (Revised January 1993), Shripat T. Kamble, David L. Keith

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide provides information on flea biology and how to solve flea problems.

Fleas are among the most annoying pests known to humans. In ancient times, fleas were even indicted, found guilty and sentenced to condemnation. Today, the verdict remains the same.

In Nebraska, fleas are common household pests attacking dogs, cats and sometimes people. In addition to these, several other flea species occur in Nebraska, feeding principally on rodents and occasionally on poultry and livestock. The information provided in this publication will focus primarily on cat and dog fleas, as they are the most commonly encountered species.

G83-648 Wild Proso Millet (Revised April 1992), Robert G. Wilson

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide describes wild proso millet and its life cycle and provides recommendations for control.

Wild proso millet (Panicum millaceum L.) is one of the fastest spreading weeds in the corn belt. In the early 1970s, wild proso millet was found in a few isolated corn fields in Wisconsin. By 1987 wild proso millet had infested over one million acres in Wisconsin, had infested most of the southern corn-growing counties in Minnesota, and was present in Iowa, North and South Dakota, Illinois, Colorado, Wyoming and Nebraska.

In Nebraska, wild proso millet was found first in a small area in …

G78-412 Guide For Controlling Insects On Pets (Revised December 1989), John B. Campbell, David L. Keith

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This guide is restricted to the most common insect pests of cats, dogs, rabbits, birds, guinea pigs, and gerbils.

Pets, like all animals, are subject to attack by certain insects. Sanitation around the area where pets are kept, cleanliness of the pets, good care and nutrition all help reduce the chance of a serious problem.

G77-336 Coccidiosis Of Cattle, Donald L. Ferguson

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide contains information on the identification, treatment, and prevention of coccidiosis in cattle.

Coccidiosis continues to be one of the major disease problems for cattle producers. It is caused by microscopic, one-celled parasites, chiefly of the genus Eimeria. Twenty-one species of Eimeria have been reported in cattle. Only two, Eimeria bovis and Eimeria zuernii, are regularly associated with clinical infections in the field.

G74-121 Sandbur Control In Field Corn (Revised January 1999), Gail A. Wicks, Robert G. Wilson Jr.

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Sandbur can be a major weed problem in cornfields if not properly controlled. This NebGuide discusses mechanical and chemical alternatives for controlling sandbur.

Sandbur is a problem weed on coarse to fine-textured soil. The North Platte Valley, southwest and west central Nebraska, and the Sandhills are areas in the state where sandbur is a major weed problem in corn. Sandbur seldom becomes a primary weed problem in eastern Nebraska. Both field (Cenchrus pauciflorus Benth.) and longspine [Cenchrus longispinus (Hack.) Fern.] sandbur grow in Nebraska.

G74-154 Mosquito Control Guide (Revised March 1996), John B. Campbell, David L. Keith, W. Kramer

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Mosquitoes are insects belonging to the order Diptera, the same one as flies. Worldwide there are over 3,000 species of mosquitoes, 150 of which are found in the United States. In Nebraska there are fewer than a dozen important species. Distribution of mosquitoes ranges from the Arctic to the Tropical Rain Forests.

The life cycle, control, and impact of mosquitoes common to Nebraska are discussed.

G74-154 Mosquito Control Guide (Revised August 1983), John B. Campbell

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

The annoying bite of the mosquito not only interferes with human work and leisure time but may also transmit encephalitis. Persisent mosquito attacks on catttle can cause weight loss and force cattle out of river pastures.

The life cycle, control, and impact of mosquitoes common in Nebraska are discussed.