Education Commons^™

The Barrier Within: Relational Aggression Among Women, Barbara L. Brock

Journal of Women in Educational Leadership

"There has been a lot of rhetoric on women mentoring other women. However, the so-called solidarity of women does not exist. Some women are engaged in competition and sabotage."—A high school principal

Relational aggression among women is alive and well among women in educational leadership. Women who assume leadership positions are sometimes targeted for acts of sabotage perpetrated by female peers and subordinates (Brock, 2008). A review of the literature supports the notion that relational aggression among women is commonplace in other career fields as well (Barash, S. 2006; Briles, 2003; Chesler, 2001; Funke, 2000; Heim & Murphy, 2001; Mooney, …

Unpacking Evidence Of Gender Bias, Connie L. Fulmer

Journal of Women in Educational Leadership

The purpose of this study was to investigate gender bias in pre-service principals using the Gender-Leader Implicit Association Test. Analyses of student-learn- ing narratives revealed how students made sense of gender bias (biased or not-biased) and how each reacted to evidence (surprised or not-surprised). Two implications were: (1) the need for leadership programs to help students identify and unpack gender bias, and (2) to provide new leaders with strategies to con- front and reduce gender bias in the organizations in which they will lead. A model for identifying, confronting, and reducing gender bias is presented as scaffolding to help educational …

You Gotta Be Determined To Get In There: Voices Of Women Higher Education Technology Leaders, Marilyn Drury

Journal of Women in Educational Leadership

Three women higher education Chief Information Officers (CIOs) provided their lived experiences and perspectives on barriers they encountered and methods used to overcome the barriers as they pursued and achieved their current positions. The conceptual framework intersects gendered organizational theory, feminist standpoint theory, and occupational jurisdiction. This research, being unique in specifically studying women CIOs in higher education, expands the knowledge base regarding women seeking or maintaining leadership positions by revealing many barriers encountered and that higher education information technology organizations contain gendered organizational elements. Actions organizations and individuals can take to foster gender-friendly cultures are suggested.

Journal Of Women In Educational Leadership, Marilyn Grady, Sharon C. Hoffman, Sarah A. Hall, Joseph L. Eckenrode, Jean Haar

Journal of Women in Educational Leadership

57 Firsts- Marilyn L. Grady

59 You Gotta Be Determined to Get in There: Voices of Women Higher Education Technology Leaders- Marilyn Drury

81 Unpacking the Evidence of Gender Bias- Connie L. Fulmer

Firsts, Marilyn Grady

Journal of Women in Educational Leadership

Wilma Mankiller was a first-the first woman Principal Chief of the Cherokee Nation of Oklahoma, the second-largest U.S. tribe. Her death on April 6, 2010 focused attention on her accomplishments as a legendary leader.

Wilma Pearl Mankiller, born November 18, 1945, in Tahlequah was sixth of eleven children. In 1956 her family moved to San Francisco as part of a Bureau of Indian Affairs relocation effort that promised jobs in the city. In 1963 she married Hugo Olaya, an Ecuadorean businessman, and had daughters Gina and Felicia. The takeover of Alcatraz by Indian demonstrators was a life-changing event for Wilma. …

Book Review: Motion Leadership-The Skinny On Becoming Change Savvy., Candace F. Raskin

Journal of Women in Educational Leadership

Michael Fullan's Motion Leadership-The Skinny on Becoming Change Savvy provides what he describes as the skinny or the "core unobscured essence of the matter" (p. 2) on how to move individuals and organizations through the process of change. The book is designed as a precursor to an online series of experiences called Motion Leadership the Movie-a product that will provide footage and interactive tools to help a leader with system improvement. The intent of the book is to increase readers' knowledge and insight about change in an efficient and succinct manner. Fullan provides basic insights and ideas about becoming a …

Children's Books As A Source Of Influence On Gender Role Development: Analysis Of Female Characters Using Jung's Four Archetypes, Shirley J. Mills, Anita Pankake, Janine Schall

Journal of Women in Educational Leadership

The purpose of the study was to answer this question: Do children when choosing a book to read for pleasure receive a stereotypical impression of the female role as opposed to the male role as defined by the literature? A qualitative study reviewed main female characters of the Children's Choice books of 2008 with Jung's archetypes (Great Good Mother, Wise Old Man, Hero, and Trickster). Content analysis was conducted using Hershey-Freeman's critique. Hero archetype was most common with Great Good Mother as second. Female characters analyzed appear to epitomize traits of a new generation of leaders "modeling the way".

Journal Of Women In Educational Leadership, Marilyn Grady, Sharon C. Hoffman, Sarah A. Hall, Joseph L. Eckenrode, Jean M. Haar

Journal of Women in Educational Leadership

1 Miep Gies (1909-2010): Her Legacy Endures- Marilyn L. Grady

3 Gender Differences in Research Mentorship and Pretenured Counselor Educators-

Suzanne Campbell, Kathryn Mueller and Jane M. Souza

Gender Differences In Research Mentorship And Pretenured Conunselor Educators, Cynthia A. Briggs, Dale-Elizabeth Pehrsson

Journal of Women in Educational Leadership

The purpose of this study was to determine whether pre-tenured counselor educators receive research mentorship. Furthermore, this study investigated whether mentorship differs for female and male faculty members. The instrument utilized was a web-based survey entitled the Research Mentor Quality Questionnaire (RMQQ). The 139 respondents (51.7% response rate) indicated most pre-tenured counselor educators do receive research mentorship. Additionally, the quality of research mentorship is not significantly different for females and males on most items. Implications for the profession of counselor education and suggestions for future study are presented.

Shared Leadership Experiences Of Women Community College Presidents, Suzanne Campbell, Kathryn Mueller, Jane M. Souza

Journal of Women in Educational Leadership

According to the American Council on Education study The American College President: 2007 Edition only 23% of college presidencies were held by women as late as 2006. While the number of female executive officers has doubled since 1986, progress in achieving the presidency has been undeniably slow for women. To better understand a woman's road to the presidency, a collective case study was conducted to explore the career paths of six community college women presidents. Data collected revealed commonalities in their experiences. The results ofthe study provided key information for women seeking presiden- tial positions in community colleges.

First Things First: Writing Strategies, Marilyn Grady

Journal of Women in Educational Leadership

Remember all the years you spent earning the academic credentials for your current position? Consider what you are expected to know and be able to do to fulfill your job responsibilities. For those who are expected to write for publication, what part of your credential-building academic experi- ences was dedicated to preparing you as a writer? The English majors among us would seem to be likely suspects for deep, rich, writing back- grounds. However, in collecting non-scientific data on this assumption, I am not convinced the English majors spent enough time writing while earning their credentials. So, those who have …

Book Review: Reframing Organizations: Artistry, Choice And Leadership., Jean M. Haar

Journal of Women in Educational Leadership

Bolman and Deal's 4th edition of Reframing Organizations: Artistry, Choice, and Leadership remains a classic, "must have" resource for those involved in organizational leadership. The edition supports the relevance and timeliness of the authors' insightful approach about organizations and leadership. The authors reinforce the usefulness of their four-frame model (structural, human resource, political, symbolic) for refining leadership practices. The four frames serve as a tool to analyze organizational decision-making and to reflect on the effectiveness of processes, procedures, and results. Updated research, examples, and case studies add to those previously drawn from business, education, health care, and the public sector. …

A Decade Of Inquiry: The Status Of Female Superintendents And Secondary Principals In The High Plains, Doreen Gosmire, Marcia Morrison, Joanne Van Osdel

Journal of Women in Educational Leadership

This research provides insight into the status of female administrators from a particular geographical area in rural America. Findings reveal that some progress has been made across the United States but there is more effort needed especially in the High Plains states. The numbers of females in ad- ministrative positions in the High Plains states from 1997 to 2007 were col- lected from the Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota Departments of Education. The percentages of females in the High Plains states were com- pared to national numbers for the same time period. There has been a pattern of increased …

Book Review- Reframing Organizations: Artistry, Choice And Leadership., Jean M. Haar

Journal of Women in Educational Leadership

Bolman and Deal's 4th edition of Reframing Organizations: Artistry, Choice, and Leadership remains a classic, "must have" resource for those involved in organizational leadership. The edition supports the relevance and timeliness of the authors' insightful approach about organizations and leadership. The authors reinforce the usefulness of their four-frame model (structural, human resource, political, symbolic) for refining leadership practices. The four frames serve as a tool to analyze organizational deci- sion-making and to reflect on the effectiveness of processes, procedures, and results. Updated research, examples, and case studies add to those pre- viously drawn from business, education, health care, and the …

Miep Gies (1909-2010): Her Legacy Endures, Marilyn Grady

Journal of Women in Educational Leadership

Journal a/Women in Educational Leadership. Vol. 8, No. I-January 2010 ISSN: 1541-6224

First Things First: Writing Strategies- Adages To Guide The Writing Adventure, Marilyn L. Grady

Journal of Women in Educational Leadership

A book title attracted my attention as I rummaged through a new, offbeat bookstore. The book, Writing to Change the World, is written by the author of Reviving Ophelia, Mary Pipher. For those who have embraced the dis- cussion of social justice issues at recent academic conferences, the book of- fers the perspective of an author who has written extensively and successfully about social justice issues.

My "take aways" from the book, however, were in the chapters that of- fered reminders of the serious work of writing and the insights of well-known writers. Following are some comments from Pipher.

Pipher …

Lessons In Everyday Leadership*, Kit Boesch

Journal of Women in Educational Leadership

In the early 1970's, I was one of the youngest coaches in The Ohio State University Athletic Department. It was October 1972 when I took 26 women on the OSU Track team to compete in South Carolina. It is a night I won't ever forget. After the competition we walked into a restaurant for dinner at 6:30pm. Most of us had eaten when we walked out at 7:00 P.M. without paying the bill-because they refused to serve my Black athletes. Three important things happened that night. First, I received instant respect from my track team that night and for many …

Journal Of Women In Educational Leadership, Marilyn Grady, Sharon Hoffman, Joseph L. Eckenrode, Jean M. Haar

Journal of Women in Educational Leadership

The JOURNAL OF WOMEN IN EDUCA TIONAL LEADERSHIP (ISSN 1541-6224) Published quarterly January, April, July and October, one volume per year, by ProActive Publications, 439 North Duke Street, Lan- caster, PA 17602-4967. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to Journal of Women in Educational Leader- ship, 439 North Duke Street, Lancaster, PA 17602-4967.

The Few, The Proud, Marilyn L. Grady

Journal of Women in Educational Leadership

Two days in San Diego were a memorable learning opportunity for me. On a Thursday, my daughter Elizabeth and I stood and watched about 579 young men run around a parade field at the Marine Corps Recruit Depot. We were treated to the same individuals marching around the parade field in their spiffy uniforms. Later, we had some audience rehearsal of how to respond to a variety of orders. This was a particularly useful set of drills since the group needed extensive practice in screaming, volume enhance- ment, and understanding what the orders were. Younger group members seemed to be …

Opinions Of Female Juvenile Delinquents On Language-Based Literacy Activities, Dixie Sanger, Mitzi Ritzman, Aliza Stremlau, Lindsey Fairchild, Cindy Brunken

Journal of Women in Educational Leadership

A mixed methods study was conducted to examine female juvenile delinquents' opinions and reactions on nine language-based literacy activities. Forty-one participants ranging in age from 13 to 18 years responded to a survey consisting of nine multiple-choice items and one open-ended question concerning the use- fulness of activities. Quantitative and qualitative findings revealed the majority of participants found the activities to be very useful. From 410 comments, five key themes emerged on positive opinions about usefulness, personal examples of use, negative opinions about usefulness, metacognitive and self regulation skills, and predictions of usefulness with future students. Examples of all activi- …

Biography Of Joan Wint: A Principal Whose Leadership For Social Justice Transformed A Rural Jamaican High School, Jacqueline Dram-Sterling

Journal of Women in Educational Leadership

This biographical study features the leadership of Joan Miller Wint, now re- tired, who for 23 years was principal of Denbigh High School, located in a high-poverty rural area in Jamaica. In the article I examine biography as a qualitative research strategy used in "telling" the stories of women leaders; explore the influence of Wint's early life and education on her leadership; highlight the challenges Wint encountered as a principal, as well as how she transformed the school from low-performing to high-performing; and dis- cuss Wint's story in terms of the themes in the scholarship on women's leadership.

Book Review Of The World Cafe: Shaping Our Futures Through Conversations That Matter,, Mia Urick

Journal of Women in Educational Leadership

Conversation is the process humans use to think and manage together. The active process of conversation is at the core of creative activity and collec- tive learning. It is the way human beings invent, change, and sustain our common experiences.

The World Caje: Shaping Our Futures through Conversations that Mat- ter is an ode to significant conversations. Through an explanation of how and why to organize and execute meaningful exchanges, Brown and Isaacs present a process for collaborative problem solving and innovative thinking.

Journal Of Women In Educational Leadership Vol. 7 No. 3, Marilyn Grady, Sharon Hoffman, Joseph L. Eckenrode, Jean Haar

Journal of Women in Educational Leadership

105 The Midwest Women's Leadership Institute: Pointing the Way- Marilyn L. Grady

107 Ethical Leadership: What Does It Look Like?- Laura Schulte

115 Perceptions of Leadership Behaviors by Female Principals in North Carolina -Cheryl McFadden, Cathy Maahs-Fladung, Susan Beck-Frazier and Kermit Bruckner

135 Women Superintendents In Illinois: Gender Barriers and Challenges- Vicki VanTuyle and Sandra G, Watkins

First Things First: Writing Strategies, Marilyn Grady

Journal of Women in Educational Leadership

Professors as Writers: A Self-Help Guide to Productive Writing is a useful book for those seeking to unravel their writing challenges. The introduc- tory chapter is a scholarly treatment of writing, the subsequent chapters are hands-on examples and strategies for diagnosis and remediation of writing challenges. The author provides a mirror for anyone who is struggling with the craft of writing.

For those who work with doctoral students, the book is an excellent teaching tool. Often we assume that students coming to the doctoral experi- ence have sufficient skill for the task of writing the dissertation. Unfortu- nately, many students …

The Midwest Women's Leadership Institute: Pointing The Way, Marilyn Grady

Journal of Women in Educational Leadership

InthisissueoftheJournalofWomen inEducationalLeadership, JeanHaar reports on the development of the Midwest Women's Leadership Institute (MWLI) at Minnesota State University Mankato. Her report provides an ex- ample of an effort to "Point the Way" for women leaders

Perceptions Of Leadership Behaviors By Female Principals In North Caroline, Cheryl Mcfadden, Cathy Maahs-Fladung, Susan Beck-Frazier, Kermit Bruckner

Journal of Women in Educational Leadership

This study was designed to investigate whether significant differences exist among the perceptions of leadership behaviors of female principals in North Carolina using Bolman and Deal's (1984) four frames (structural, human re- source, political, and symbolic) for analysis. Participants consisted of 1,245 fe- male principals from elementary, middle, and secondary public schools in North Carolina. The researchers collected 525 responses for a 53% response rate. Overall, female principals in North Carolina perceive that they use multiple frame perspectives in their leadership behaviors. Furthermore, results indicate that age, parental status, and years in current position made a difference in the number …

Book Review Of On Becoming A Woman Leader: Learning From The Experiences Of University Presidents & Women At The Top: What Women University And College Presidents Say About Effective Leadership, Catherine L. Morgan

Journal of Women in Educational Leadership

Readers who enjoy learning about women who are successful leaders in higher education have two more books to add to their libraries. The authors of these two books had similar motivations for their research and subse- quent publications. Their research methodologies were similar in that both works are based on qualitative studies of women college and university presidents. The analysis and synthesis ofthe information gleaned from the studies, and the presentation of that information, differ in ways that make for interesting comparisons.

The subtitles of each book provide clues as to the motivations behind the research. Madsen wants us to …

Ethical Leadership: What Does It Look Like?, Laura E. Schulte

Journal of Women in Educational Leadership

This article focuses on the development and validation of the Ethical Leadership Index (ELI). The development and validation processes included: adopting a framework; developing items; providing evidence of content validity; conduct- ing a pilot study; and analyzing data to provide evidence of construct validity and reliability estimates. Five ethical principles that are mentioned in leadership models, theories, and approaches served as the framework for the ELI. They in- clude respect for autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, justice, and fidelity. The results of the study indicate that the ELI is a psychometrically sound instru- ment, which warrants its use in leadership programs and …

Women Superintendents In Illinois: Gender Barriers And Challenges, Vicki L. Vantuyle, Sandra G. Watkins Dr.

Journal of Women in Educational Leadership

Women face unique challenges as superintendents. This study determined barri- ers women face as superintendents and elicited reasons why these women would consider leaving the superintendent's position. Thirty-nine PreK-12 women su- perintendents in Illinois participated in a web-based survey in January 2008. Survey items included information regarding characteristics, pathways to the superintendency, personal barriers, professional barriers, and factors that would cause women to consider leaving the superintendency. Respondents identified familial responsibilities, gender discrimination, employment opportunities, and self-confidence as major barriers. Factors that would cause women superinten- dents to leave their position included employment opportunities, familial re- sponsibilities, and peer support. …

Race, Gender, And School Leadership In A State With Shifting Student Demographics, Liz Hollingworth, David Dude

Journal of Women in Educational Leadership

This is an analysis of equity in Iowa educational leadership from the 1978-1979 school year through 2007-2008, and the extent to which rapidly changing stu- dent racial demographics are reflected in the schools. We found that male princi- pals continue to outnumber women 6: 1 in rural districts, but in urban schools the rate is closer to 1: 1. Female superintendents are now paid statistically the same as men, but women in every other educational position make on average less money than men. The data also reveal that the race of Iowa educators has not shifted to reflect the increasingly …