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Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision

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Full-Text Articles in Education

Bilingual Counseling Competencies: A Call To The Counseling Profession, Ivette Acevedo-Weatherholtz, Monique N. Rodríguez, Carlos D. Irizarry-Pérez Dec 2023

Bilingual Counseling Competencies: A Call To The Counseling Profession, Ivette Acevedo-Weatherholtz, Monique N. Rodríguez, Carlos D. Irizarry-Pérez

Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision

The Latine population in the United States is increasing, leading to a higher need for bilingual counseling services. Therefore, counselor educators and supervisors must ensure bilingual counselors receive proper ethnocultural and linguistic competence training. This article aims to highlight the significance of bilingual counseling competencies in counselor education, emphasize the importance of linguistic training in cultural competence training, and propose a set of linguistic and ethnocultural competencies to help establish a proficient bilingual counselor. Additionally, future recommendations are discussed.


Embedding Grief And Loss Training Across Cacrep-Core Areas In School Counseling Programs, Katherine M. Wood, C.Missy Moore, Jolie Ziomek-Daigle Dec 2023

Embedding Grief And Loss Training Across Cacrep-Core Areas In School Counseling Programs, Katherine M. Wood, C.Missy Moore, Jolie Ziomek-Daigle

Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision

Each year, millions of school-aged children and teens experience grief and loss (Judi’s, 2023). This conceptual article describes the impact of grief and loss on school-aged children and the need to integrate grief and loss training into CACREP-accredited programs through the eight-core CACREP areas. Using Bronfenbrenner's Ecological Systems Theory, the authors will highlight how counselor educators can infuse content to address grief and loss with preservice school counselors holistically across the various systems surrounding the student in each CACREP core area.


Normative Does Not Mean Inclusive: A Diverse Approach To Size In Cmhc Training, Courtney Boggs, Melinda Rule, Kassie R. Terrell, Madison Brantley, Hanadi Hamadi, Jenifer M. Ross Nov 2023

Normative Does Not Mean Inclusive: A Diverse Approach To Size In Cmhc Training, Courtney Boggs, Melinda Rule, Kassie R. Terrell, Madison Brantley, Hanadi Hamadi, Jenifer M. Ross

Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision

The medicalized model of weight and weight loss upholds a Weight Normative Approach which assumes that: (a) weight and disease are positively and causally related, (b) weight loss correlates to better health, (c) bodyweight is controllable, and (d) significant weight loss is possible and sustainable. This approach contributes to harmful societal standards that increase prejudice against fat people. This study examined counselor educators’ (n=88) training, values, and implementation of size and fat phobia-related content in their CACREP-accredited counseling courses. Results indicated that many participants include size and sizeism in their courses; however, participants also reported agreement with tenants of Weight …


Preparing Future Counselors To Work With Bipoc Identified Males: The Integration Of Hip Hop In Counselor Education, James P. Norris, Ian P. Levy, Adrienne S. Baggs Nov 2023

Preparing Future Counselors To Work With Bipoc Identified Males: The Integration Of Hip Hop In Counselor Education, James P. Norris, Ian P. Levy, Adrienne S. Baggs

Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision

This study used a narrative inquiry to examine how BIPOC-identified male counselor educators integrated Hip Hop in their counseling practices and teaching to promote healing. The results of the study suggest Hip Hop offers modes of expression and modes of connection useful in counseling practice and in the training of future counselors. Practical implications for the use of Hip Hop in counselor education classrooms and counseling sessions are explored.


Practical Interventions For Groupwork Leader Training In Master’S Counseling Programs, Madeleine Stevens, Shannon Strohl, Pat Mcgowan Sep 2023

Practical Interventions For Groupwork Leader Training In Master’S Counseling Programs, Madeleine Stevens, Shannon Strohl, Pat Mcgowan

Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision

Groupwork in counseling has been utilized to promote client wellness, but little attention has been paid to the development and standardization of group leadership skills training in counselor education. This paper highlights this gap and offers practical, evidence-based solutions to help counselor educators train effective group leaders at the master’s level. The authors developed skill-building solutions using the core competencies for group leadership training in the Professional Standards for the Training of Group Workers (2000) by the Association for Specialists in Group Work (ASGW).


Experiences Of The Supervisory Alliance And Self-Compassion In Counseling And Psychotherapy Students, Alexandre Brien, Patricia Dionne, Réginald Savard, Cynthia Bilodeau Sep 2023

Experiences Of The Supervisory Alliance And Self-Compassion In Counseling And Psychotherapy Students, Alexandre Brien, Patricia Dionne, Réginald Savard, Cynthia Bilodeau

Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision

This qualitative research examined the relationship between supervisory working alliance, self-compassion and reflexive self-awareness with students enrolled in a graduate-level counseling or counseling and psychotherapy program (n = 48). A thematic analysis using a Critical Incident Questionnaire was performed. The themes identified in this study indicate that both supervision alliance and self-compassion seemingly contribute positively to student supervisee learning experiences and to the development of their reflexive self-awareness. Moreover, the perceived learning achieved, and the development of reflexive self-awareness, reciprocally strengthened the supervisory alliance. Furthermore, the degree of supervisees’ self-compassion as well as their perceived supervisory alliances had an …


Counselors’ Stigma Toward Addictions: Increasing Awareness And Decreasing Stigma, Natalie M. Ricciutti Sep 2023

Counselors’ Stigma Toward Addictions: Increasing Awareness And Decreasing Stigma, Natalie M. Ricciutti

Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision

The purpose of this study was to explore licensed counselors’ level of stigma toward individuals with substance use disorders (SUDs) and process/behavioral addictions (PBAs) and note any differences. A total of 138 licensed mental health counselors from one Midwestern state completed the SRTSS and the BRTSS to determine levels of stigma toward SUDs and PBAs, respectively. Participant scores from the SRTSS and BRTSS were normally distributed, and 15% to 32% of participants’ scores were reflective of stigma toward individuals with either SUDs or PBAs. A significant difference was not found between participants’ stigma toward individuals with SUDs or PBAs. Hypotheses …


Actionable Advocacy: Application Of The Socially Just And Culturally Responsive Counseling Leadership Model, Susan Branco May 2023

Actionable Advocacy: Application Of The Socially Just And Culturally Responsive Counseling Leadership Model, Susan Branco

Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision

The socially just and culturally responsive counseling leadership model (SJCRCLM) provides a framework by which counselor leadership may move from performative to authentic allyship to prevent and buffer against racial trauma. The author describes how the SJCRCLM leadership causal conditions promote actionable advocacy within the counseling academic community. They offer strategies within the pillars of service, teaching, research, supervision, and counseling practice. The author asserts actionable advocacy will positively impact Black, Indigenous, and people of color (BIPOC) counselor educator and student wellness and contribute to their recruitment and retention.


Z Generation Is Here! Recommendations For Counselor Educators, Heidi L. Henry, Naomi Timm-Davis Jan 2023

Z Generation Is Here! Recommendations For Counselor Educators, Heidi L. Henry, Naomi Timm-Davis

Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision

Generation Z, individuals born between the mid-1990s and mid-2010s, are now enrolling in graduate counseling programs. This article addresses the generation’s unique characteristics, learning needs, and challenges and how they impact the development of counselor soft skills and dispositions. Implications for counselor educators and recommendations for future research are discussed.


From Exploration Of Classism To Anticlassist Counseling: Implications For Counselors And Counselor Educators, Lucy Parker-Barnes, Suzanne Degges-White, David A. Walker, Scott Wickman, Bellamy Linneman, Courtney Rowley, Robert Giansante, Noel Mckillip Jan 2023

From Exploration Of Classism To Anticlassist Counseling: Implications For Counselors And Counselor Educators, Lucy Parker-Barnes, Suzanne Degges-White, David A. Walker, Scott Wickman, Bellamy Linneman, Courtney Rowley, Robert Giansante, Noel Mckillip

Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision

Classism is a recently studied, but historically present, form of oppression. Despite much attention to inclusion of underrepresented clients in counseling literature, there has been little focus on the presence of classism in academic settings. In an effort to close this gap, a study of 202 individuals, aged 18 to 38, was conducted to explore the relationships among perceived classism, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status. Only 4.5% of the participants had never experienced any incidents of classism. African American individuals were more likely to experience interpersonal classism and working class/poor individuals were more likely to experience interpersonal and systemic classism. Recommendations …


Preparing Future School Counselors To Work With English Language Learners, Jennifer S. Watkinson, Qi Shi, Hope Slezak, Rachel Litvin Dec 2022

Preparing Future School Counselors To Work With English Language Learners, Jennifer S. Watkinson, Qi Shi, Hope Slezak, Rachel Litvin

Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision

English Language Learners (ELLs) are one of the fastest growing student groups in the United States, yet school counselors often feel unprepared to address their unique needs. To better prepare school counselors to work with ELLs, counselor educators can integrate experiential learning activities that are grounded practice. Yet, little is known about the types of work experiences school counselors encounter when working with ELL students. This phenomenological study described the experiences of eight, first year school counselors who work with ELLs. Findings inform the types of training scenarios counselor educators can use to prepare school counselors-in-training (SCIT) to work with …


Exploring The Training And Practice Experiences Of Male School Counselors, Eric S. Davis, Michele Pinellas, Sarah Putnam, Rosemarie Beahm Dec 2022

Exploring The Training And Practice Experiences Of Male School Counselors, Eric S. Davis, Michele Pinellas, Sarah Putnam, Rosemarie Beahm

Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision

Males are underrepresented as school counselors and may experience stigma associated with being viewed as less masculine, sexual deviants, or unqualified. Despite these aspects, research has shown benefits for school stakeholders based in the diverse perspectives male school counselors can provide. The purpose of this phenomenological qualitative research study was to understand the lived experiences of 25 male school counselors from across the United States. Based on the thematic analysis findings, we will discuss specific implications and recommendations for male school counselor training, supervision, and practice.


Utilizing Counseling Skills In The Classroom To Promote Student Well-Being And Success, Andrea J. Kirk-Jenkins, Sam Evans Sep 2022

Utilizing Counseling Skills In The Classroom To Promote Student Well-Being And Success, Andrea J. Kirk-Jenkins, Sam Evans

Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision

The success of institutions of higher education is dependent upon student academic success. Current research with students in higher education links academic success with student well-being. Members of the faculty are in critical positions to ensure student success and thus, the institution, but may be unsure how to promote well-being in the classroom setting. This article examines challenges professors face and shares a professional performance review process. Strategies and skills used by professional counselors that university faculty can implement to foster a sense of student well-being and establish supportive relationships through an integration of Miller’s Relational Cultural Theory and Social …


Multicultural And Social Justice Training In Doctoral Counseling Programs: A Phenomenological Study, Alexander Hilert, Natoya Haskins, Shuhui Fan, Charles Smith, Leila Warraich, David Gosling Jun 2022

Multicultural And Social Justice Training In Doctoral Counseling Programs: A Phenomenological Study, Alexander Hilert, Natoya Haskins, Shuhui Fan, Charles Smith, Leila Warraich, David Gosling

Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision

Multicultural and social justice are central values of the counseling profession. However, it is unclear how doctoral training advances counselor education students' multicultural and social justice competence and what deficits might exist. The researchers addressed this gap by conducting a phenomenological study of multicultural and social justice training experiences with ten doctoral counselor education students. The researchers identified three themes: limited multicultural integration, methods of compensation, and experiencing growth. The researchers also identified subthemes that explained how doctoral students prepared themselves to be multicultural and social justice competent through self-study, collaborative learning, and role-taking experiences despite often perceiving gaps in …


A Qualitative Case Study Of Supervisors Experiences Related To Distance-Based Supervision, Blake Sandusky, Kristine Ramsay-Seaner, Staci Born, Charlotte Heckmann, Ffion Davies Jun 2022

A Qualitative Case Study Of Supervisors Experiences Related To Distance-Based Supervision, Blake Sandusky, Kristine Ramsay-Seaner, Staci Born, Charlotte Heckmann, Ffion Davies

Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision

The COVID-19 pandemic created a rush to provide counseling and supervision services via distance-based technology. This study was conducted prior to the COVID-19 pandemic; however, it offers some insight into the process of providing distance-based supervision (DBS) to mental health trainees and professionals. Utilizing a multiple case study design, 10 counseling supervisors who had experience providing DBS were interviewed to understand their experiences. Five themes emerged from the data including reasons for providing DBS, benefits and challenges to DBS, and a desire for change to current training structures. Implications for supervision and suggestions for future research are provided.


The Role Of Emotional Overcontrol In Acceptance Of Counselor Training Feedback, R. Erin W. Berzins, Andrew Wood, Colin C. Ward, Ned Farley Mar 2022

The Role Of Emotional Overcontrol In Acceptance Of Counselor Training Feedback, R. Erin W. Berzins, Andrew Wood, Colin C. Ward, Ned Farley

Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision

Effective feedback is a critical component of counselor training. The degree to which a recipient is able or willing to accept feedback can impact learning and skill development significantly. Recognizing individual trait differences can help the field of counseling understand feedback receptivity in counseling students. This study examined the possible relationship between feedback receptivity and the individual trait of emotional overcontrol. Results indicate that overcontrol accounted for variance in scores on a measure of feedback receptivity in a sample of counseling students, suggesting that individual trait differences meaningfully affect feedback receptivity.


Supervision Utilizing Expressive Art Activities: A Road To Group Cohesion And Professional Learning, Mi-Hee Jeon, Charles E. Myers Mar 2022

Supervision Utilizing Expressive Art Activities: A Road To Group Cohesion And Professional Learning, Mi-Hee Jeon, Charles E. Myers

Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision

This paper shares research outcomes in which Master’s practicum students participated in supervision utilizing art activities. To explore in-depth experiences of the participants and make sense of their perceptions on art activity-based supervision, Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) was chosen as analysis for this study. Semi-structured interviews with the participants were performed and collected as data. As results, two constructs—facilitating group cohesion and professional learning—and five themes corresponding to each construct were identified. In discussion, the power of visualization through art activities, the opportunity to reflect through expressive arts and its influences, and group cohesion facilitated by supervision using art tasks …


Burnout, Self-Care, And Supervision In Middle School Counselors, Sarah L. Evans Zalewski Mar 2022

Burnout, Self-Care, And Supervision In Middle School Counselors, Sarah L. Evans Zalewski

Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision

This study examines middle school counselor supervision types in relation to burnout and self-care scores. The impact of supervision via technology on self-care and burnout scores was considered. This study found that school counselors who received both administrative and clinical supervision fared better on the incompetence domain of burnout, that self-care was inversely proportional to burnout, and that receiving supervision via technological means had no impact on either burnout or self-care.


Mentoring Doctoral Students In Counselor Education For Research Competence: A Developmental Perspective, Nayoung Kim, Eunae Han Mar 2022

Mentoring Doctoral Students In Counselor Education For Research Competence: A Developmental Perspective, Nayoung Kim, Eunae Han

Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision

Doctoral students in counselor education should develop varying competencies in the degree program including research capabilities. However, there is a dearth of research addressing different characteristics of the students based on their research competence development. This article aims to provide a detailed guideline using a developmental approach that counselor educators may use in research mentorship and doctoral students can refer to in understanding their development and validating their struggles. Specifically, the authors used three themes including (a) tasks, (b) self-efficacy, and (c) researcher identity in the comprehensive framework for counselor educators-in-training researcher development (CFCRD). Implications for counselor educators and counselor …


Assessing The Self-Perceived Research Proficiency Among Doctoral Counseling Students, Yudan C. Wang, Tae-Hee Kim, Michael Brooks Mar 2022

Assessing The Self-Perceived Research Proficiency Among Doctoral Counseling Students, Yudan C. Wang, Tae-Hee Kim, Michael Brooks

Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision

This study provided a preliminary assessment of the adequacy of methodological training in a counselor education program. Twenty-four current and former doctoral students reported on their experiences with research training and self-perceived research proficiency via an online survey, and three students provided additional insight in individual interviews. We also analyzed the contents of the syllabi of the five methods courses offered in the program. Overall, students perceived a lack of proficiency in quantitative methods and a lack of opportunities to apply research skills in actual projects, even though the program offered a comprehensive sequence of methodological courses. We discussed the …


Group Counseling Courses In Cacrep-Accredited Programs: A National Survey, Yiying Xiong, Huan-Tang Lu Dec 2021

Group Counseling Courses In Cacrep-Accredited Programs: A National Survey, Yiying Xiong, Huan-Tang Lu

Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision

We surveyed 113 counselor educators to understand the structure of group counseling courses in CACREP-accredited programs and their self-reflections of teaching group counseling courses. Our focus included instructor characteristics, course content (didactic versus experiential), evaluation (content knowledge versus hands-on skills), supervision, and teaching strategies. The responses were a heterogeneous composition of instructor background, program structure, curriculum, and the setup of the experiential component. The comparison with the literature indicates a slight change, mainly in the use of technology and the experiential component, over the past decade. Based on the results, we identified the needs for future studies and made suggestions …


Counselor Trainees’ Personal Growth Through Interpersonal Experiential Growth Groups: An Instrumental Case Study, Yanhong Liu, Peitao Zhu, Alonzo D. Turner Dec 2021

Counselor Trainees’ Personal Growth Through Interpersonal Experiential Growth Groups: An Instrumental Case Study, Yanhong Liu, Peitao Zhu, Alonzo D. Turner

Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision

Following the instrumental case study design, we explored 14 counselors-in-training’s (CITs) personal growth within their semester-long experiential growth groups (EGGs). The study illuminated CITs’ multifaceted growth within three categories of intrapersonal growth, interpersonal growth, and group cohesiveness. Participants’ intrapersonal and interpersonal growth were closely intertwined and mutually activating. Participants’ self-reflection, emotional awareness, self-other reflexivity, and their interpersonal communication and attitudes were found to encompass a continuum of activities ranging from being broad/generic to specific/action-oriented. Findings provided insights for group training and future research.


A Social Justice Recruitment And Retention Model For Diversifying School Counselor Education, Caroline Lopez-Perry, Malti Tuttle, Jung H. Hyun, Shanel Robinson Dec 2021

A Social Justice Recruitment And Retention Model For Diversifying School Counselor Education, Caroline Lopez-Perry, Malti Tuttle, Jung H. Hyun, Shanel Robinson

Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision

A social justice recruitment and retention model for BIPOC school counselors into counselor education doctoral programs is described. This article represents a call to action for counselor educators to examine their practices and policies for recruiting and retaining BIPOC school counselors in doctoral programs and the field of counselor education.


Research Mentorship: Pretenured Faculty And Doctoral Student Productivity, Alyse M. Anekstein Sep 2021

Research Mentorship: Pretenured Faculty And Doctoral Student Productivity, Alyse M. Anekstein

Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision

Scholarly work is an integral part of the pretenured faculty experience and for students in counselor education doctoral programs. Yet, there is a dearth of current literature that has investigated the role-based needs of the combination of both doctoral students and pretenured faculty in relation to research productivity. This quantitative inquiry explored the group differences in the research mentoring experiences of pretenured faculty and doctoral students (n = 207). Descriptive statistics and a factorial MANOVA were implemented to ascertain the utilized mentor roles in the classification of research productivity. Results indicated statistical significance. Limitations, implications, and recommendations for future research …


Helping Beginning Supervisors Reduce Barriers To Licensure: Ethical Roadblocks In Supervision, Sarah M. Blalock, Kathy Ybanez-Llorente, Molly K. Morman Sep 2021

Helping Beginning Supervisors Reduce Barriers To Licensure: Ethical Roadblocks In Supervision, Sarah M. Blalock, Kathy Ybanez-Llorente, Molly K. Morman

Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision

Ethical and competent supervision are critical to successful entry into the profession for counselors in training and newly licensed counselors. New supervisors should be mindful of the mistakes even well-intentioned supervisors can make that jeopardize the licensure process, or worse, the well-being of clients. Lack of attention to substantial supervision paperwork requirements can cost supervisees long delays in licensure, and call into question a supervisor’s reputation as a competent and ethical professional. The purpose of this article is to help inform beginning supervisors on how to use ethical guidelines to avoid some of the most common supervision pitfalls, including multiple …


A Qualitative Exploration Of Using Experiential Groups To Train Future Group Counselors, Brittany L. Pollard-Kosidowski, Joel F. Diambra, Julia R. Bettge, Chris K. Burd May 2021

A Qualitative Exploration Of Using Experiential Groups To Train Future Group Counselors, Brittany L. Pollard-Kosidowski, Joel F. Diambra, Julia R. Bettge, Chris K. Burd

Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision

As counselors routinely provide both individual and group-based services, it is important to prepare trainees to effectively utilize both approaches. One popular method for engaging students in group work training requires them to participate in experiential small groups. Although this requirement meets CACREP’s (2015) standard that students engage in 10 hours of group membership, less specific focus is placed on engaging students in active group facilitation training. This study analyzes qualitative interviews with seven counseling graduates who participated in experiential small groups during their training. Five emergent themes provide insight for counselor educators and accreditors into students’ group training …


Introduction To The Interpersonal Discrimination Model Applied To Clinical Supervision: A Relational Approach For Novice Counselors, Rachel J. Brejcha May 2021

Introduction To The Interpersonal Discrimination Model Applied To Clinical Supervision: A Relational Approach For Novice Counselors, Rachel J. Brejcha

Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision

This manuscript explores the theory development of a new clinical supervision model called the Interpersonal Discrimination Model (IPDM). The IPDM combines the structure of the Discrimination Model of supervision (Bernard, 1979) with Interpersonal Theory tenets developed by Harry Sullivan (1968) to create a holistic, integrated approach to clinical supervision. The IPDM’s foundation is based on the supervisory working alliance, which has been continuously found to contribute to supervisee satisfaction, an increase in counselor self-efficacy and a positive therapeutic working alliance (Park et al., 2019). The IPDM has three main applications-interpersonal process recall, the parallel process, countertransference-that are applied in clinical …


Pedagogy In Counselor Education: Insights From John Dewey, Rachel Vannatta, Seth C. Vannatta May 2021

Pedagogy In Counselor Education: Insights From John Dewey, Rachel Vannatta, Seth C. Vannatta

Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision

The literature addressing pedagogy in counselor education is sparse. In this paper, we propose using John Dewey’s philosophy of education to inform pedagogy in counseling programs. More specifically, we describe the pattern of inquiry, issues of mind-body continuity, the role of the teacher and student, the difference between educative and miseducative experiential activities, and problem based learning in the context of counselor education. These concepts are exemplified using a case illustration comparing a professor using a traditional model of teaching and a professor using a model of teaching informed by Dewey.


Preparing Cacrep-Accredited Doctoral Students To Teach, Meredith Lt Montgomery, Mei Tang Feb 2021

Preparing Cacrep-Accredited Doctoral Students To Teach, Meredith Lt Montgomery, Mei Tang

Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision

Counselor education literature addresses training of future counselors although little is known about the preparation of doctoral students as teachers. This qualitative thematic analysis utilizes a Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) theoretical framework and a Contextualism philosophical framework to answer the question: How are doctoral students in CACREP-accredited doctoral programs prepared to teach? Faculty (n=6) and students (n=10) from ten CACREP-accredited Counselor Education and Supervision (CES) programs across the United States participated. A narrative description of the process of preparing doctoral students to teach is based on three identified themes: relationship, pedagogy, and effort. Implications include a need for stewardship of …


Is This What Counselors Are? Conflict Stories In Multicultural Coursework, Lauren Melamed Feb 2021

Is This What Counselors Are? Conflict Stories In Multicultural Coursework, Lauren Melamed

Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision

Classroom-based conversations about multicultural issues can be difficult, ranging with various degrees of tension that span between affective stress to full on turbulent emotional exchanges. The purpose of this narrative inquiry was to better understand the student perspective of conflict in the classroom. Understanding conflict stories are imperative for the training of professional counselors bound to both cultural competency and professional growth. Findings reveal both content and structure of students’ conflict stories in multicultural counseling classes as they navigate the tasks of professional identity development. Themes of gatekeeping and collective accountability emerged, in addition to transformation and meaning-making.