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Graduate Research Papers

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1992

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Articles 31 - 60 of 119

Full-Text Articles in Education

A Preferred Vision For Leadership In Effective Schools: A Reflective Essay, Juanita M. Sur Jan 1992

A Preferred Vision For Leadership In Effective Schools: A Reflective Essay, Juanita M. Sur

Graduate Research Papers

The focus of administrative coursework has been on the characteristics and skills needed to be an effective leader; the beliefs and values that govern leadership decisions; the organizational theories that effect leadership style; and the changing roles and responsibilities of a leader today. Historically, the organizational theories of structure and power in business have been imitated in educational institutions. Conditions in this decade continue to accelerate the world-wide influence of advancing technologies, changing demographics, and an unstable economy. Within this contextual framework, where then lies the individual's direction as a leader in educational administration?


A Preferred Vision For Administering Elementary Schools: A Reflective Essay, Sally A. Strottman Jan 1992

A Preferred Vision For Administering Elementary Schools: A Reflective Essay, Sally A. Strottman

Graduate Research Papers

I decided to pursue a Master's Degree in Educational Administration after being encouraged by my school principal. She saw in me several personal characteristics she believed necessary for an elementary principal: a willingness to undertake tasks requiring time and organization, the ability to work with others to implement ideas into actions and complete a task, and the possession of ample communication skills to relate to a diversity of publics. Since I had been very active in several community organizations and was willing to assume some leadership roles in the school setting, this seemed a natural route for me to take.


A Preferred Vision For Administering Elementary Schools: A Reflective Essay, Christine L. Thompson Jan 1992

A Preferred Vision For Administering Elementary Schools: A Reflective Essay, Christine L. Thompson

Graduate Research Papers

The role of the elementary school principal is a many faceted one. Those of us entering the profession today are faced with meeting a variety of challenges and filling a number of different roles. There are many different areas that have been thought provoking in my studies in educational administration. As educators we have all been striving to create a positive impact on the leaders of tomorrow. However, in the role as principal we will, even more so than as classroom teachers, impact and hold the ability to make a difference in the task society has given us, educating our …


Adolescent Identity Formation: Role Of Developmental Group Counseling, Sandra M. Wetzel Jan 1992

Adolescent Identity Formation: Role Of Developmental Group Counseling, Sandra M. Wetzel

Graduate Research Papers

Human development is an on-going, patterned, orderly, and complex process that pertains to all humans, yet remains uniquely individual (Myrick, 1987). Human development involves a lifelong set of physiological, psychological, and social processes that begin at birth and continue until death. The personality is required to unfold, evolve and evolve again. However, it is during the period of adolescence, roughly between ages 12 and 18, that the most rigorous physiological, psychological, and social changes occur (Barrish & Barrish, 1989; Tosi, 1974).


A Vision For School Business Management: A Reflective Essay, Dennis E. Scudder Jan 1992

A Vision For School Business Management: A Reflective Essay, Dennis E. Scudder

Graduate Research Papers

My decision to enter the Educational Administration program at this point in my life was influenced by a number of factors. Personal, professional and economic goals all played a role. The decision was not made under duress as there was no impending pressure from any other source to complete such a program. There were in fact a number of impediments to beginning an endeavor which required so large a commitment of time, energy and resources. In the final analysis the decision was made in the context of cost-benefit which all business administrators must utilize when making important decisions.


Developmental Fears Of Elementary Children: A Review Of The Literature, Melinda K. Smoldt Jan 1992

Developmental Fears Of Elementary Children: A Review Of The Literature, Melinda K. Smoldt

Graduate Research Papers

It has been estimated that clinical treatment for fear-related disorders has been sought for between 4 and 8% of the children in the United States. It is hypothesized that twice as many children who are potential patients remain untreated (Morris & Kratochwill, 1983). Further, the effects of fear may carry over into school and affect academic work (Robinson, Rotter, Fey, & Robinson, 1991; Robinson, Robinson, & Whetsell, 1988). Fear may range from that which serves to enhance positive self preservation to that which has an inhibiting or debilitating affect on children (Robinson et al., 1988).


A Concept Of The Secondary Principal And The School: A Reflective Essay, Richard W. Suchy Jan 1992

A Concept Of The Secondary Principal And The School: A Reflective Essay, Richard W. Suchy

Graduate Research Papers

Having been a teacher for more than twenty years, I felt that I had a good understanding of the role of the principal as I began my educational administration program. Through my experiences the last several years, both in and out of my educational administration courses, I have found that what I knew was less than what I did not know. I have gained experience and understanding, and I welcome the opportunity to continue to learn as well as the opportunity to lead. This paper focuses on those elements of education and administration that either have been new to me …


Gilligan's Theory Of Women's Moral Development: Implications For Student Affairs Practitioners, Ivonne Arroyo Picard Jan 1992

Gilligan's Theory Of Women's Moral Development: Implications For Student Affairs Practitioners, Ivonne Arroyo Picard

Graduate Research Papers

More and more educators are beginning to recognize the difference between the moral development of men and women. Rogers (1989) found patterns in recent research that revealed the nontraditional "feminine" characteristics of care, empowerment, cooperation and emphasis on relationships are starting to be valued, and that there is less emphasis on the traditional male oriented values of competition and independence. Rogers also suggested that the difference between the moral orientation of men and women is a controversial theme that calls for a redefinition of human nature. According to Rogers, "in the heart of this redefinition will be a realization of …


Children Of Alcoholics: Implications For Counselors And Schools, Martha Jean Mcnutt Port Jan 1992

Children Of Alcoholics: Implications For Counselors And Schools, Martha Jean Mcnutt Port

Graduate Research Papers

Alcoholism is a disease of epidemic proportions in the United States. It is estimated that one-fifth of all Americans are problem drinkers (Cook, 1987). While alcoholism is generally recognized as a disease, it is not widely recognized as a family disease (Weddle & Wishon, 1986). However, alcoholism is a family illness because everyone in the family suffers. Parental alcoholism is a form of psychological maltreatment of 12-15 million children under the age of 18 (Tharinger & Koranek, 1988). McBride and Bennet (1991), Weddle and Wishon (1986), Roosa, Sandler, Gehring, Beals, and Cappo (1988), and Campbell (1988) all indicated that the …


A Preferred Vision For Administering Elementary Schools: A Reflective Essay, Patricia M. Powell Jan 1992

A Preferred Vision For Administering Elementary Schools: A Reflective Essay, Patricia M. Powell

Graduate Research Papers

The educational field has always been an important arena in my family. My Grandmother often related stories about her experiences in rural Iowa schools. My Mother also began her career in a one room school and worked very hard to finally earn her Bachelor of Arts degree in 1970. I remember both women discussing the teaching profession and realized the importance they placed on learning and educational success. I know that part of the reason that I entered teaching was to become part of the profession that was placed in such high regard in my family. Other reasons for entering …


Suicide Among College Students: Institutional Response, Christine Kaye Smith Jan 1992

Suicide Among College Students: Institutional Response, Christine Kaye Smith

Graduate Research Papers

Suicide is among the top ten leading causes of death in the United States (Mathiasen, 1988; Praeger & Bernhardt, 1985). Approximately 27,000 Americans commit suicide each year (Imhoff & Royster, 1985; Mathiasen, 1988). What is even more startling is the increase of suicide among young people. In the past 25 to 35 years, the adolescent suicide rate has tripled (Tishler, McHenry & Morgan, 1981; Rudd, 1989). Next to accidents, it is the leading cause of death in young people between 15 to 24 years of age and the second leading cause of death among college students. Some even say it …


Participative Collective Bargaining: Can It Work In An Educational Setting?, Sandra J. Waters Jan 1992

Participative Collective Bargaining: Can It Work In An Educational Setting?, Sandra J. Waters

Graduate Research Papers

Traditionally, collective bargaining in the educational setting has been likened to the industrial union model. School systems were built to reflect the industrial model of administration (Liontos, 1987). When teachers reached frustration levels over their inability to control fundamental aspects of their professional lives, they borrowed, like the school districts, a collective bargaining model from the industrial society (Glaser, 1989; Koppich and Kerchner, 1990) .


The Role Of The School Counselor In Assessment And Treatment Of Attentional Problem Students, Carole Eslinger Jan 1992

The Role Of The School Counselor In Assessment And Treatment Of Attentional Problem Students, Carole Eslinger

Graduate Research Papers

Currently, five percent of America's school-aged children are diagnosed with Attention Deficit Disorder with or without hyperactivity (ADHD), using the DSM-R III (American Psychiatric Association, 1980) classification system. Recognizing the increasing incidence of crack/ cocaine babies in the 1990's, our educators will be faced with growing numbers of behaviorally disordered children (Rist, 1990). Ross and Ross (1982) suggested that like most childhood behavior disorders, ADHD is more common in boys than in girls with sex ratios ranging from 6:1 (Friedman & Doyal, 1987). Brancaleone (1988) concluded that there is extreme difficulty in defining and diagnosing ADHD because children have various …


The Use Of Music In Facilitating Learning In The Elementary Content Classroom, Melodee Weisbrod Reineke Jan 1992

The Use Of Music In Facilitating Learning In The Elementary Content Classroom, Melodee Weisbrod Reineke

Graduate Research Papers

The use of music in facilitating learning in the elementary content classroom was investigated. Music has been noted to be a part of such subjects as reading, language, science, mathematics, physical education, and art. Integrating music with these subjects was discussed. Current pilot programs include the following: Learning to Read Through the Arts (LTRTA), rap, Suggestopedia, Soviet Sleep Learning, Tomatis Method, Accelerated Learning (SALT), and background music while studying. Practical music activities for the elementary content classroom were mentioned. Much of the literature reviewed included theoretical articles, research studies and articles of application. It was concluded that more statistical research …


Teacher-Home Communication: Fostering Emergent Writing Abilities Of Preschool And Kindergarten Children, Roxanne F. Tjaden Jan 1992

Teacher-Home Communication: Fostering Emergent Writing Abilities Of Preschool And Kindergarten Children, Roxanne F. Tjaden

Graduate Research Papers

The purpose of this paper is to explore ways teachers can explain emergent writing to parents of preschool and kindergarten children and to provide ideas for home activities that will foster children's writing abilities.


A Search For Common Beliefs And Goals: Homogeneous Grouping Of The Intellectually Gifted In The Middle School, Sara J. Youngkin Jan 1992

A Search For Common Beliefs And Goals: Homogeneous Grouping Of The Intellectually Gifted In The Middle School, Sara J. Youngkin

Graduate Research Papers

The early adolescent years, from 10-14, are a period of immense social, emotional, and physical change. Middle level educators, therefore, believe that schools must adjust and provide a different structure for these early adolescents. This belief manifests itself in the middle school concept, and this concept has grown into an organized movement as traditional junior high schools transform into middle schools. In fact, George (1988) reports that in the United States more than half of the school systems are currently following the middle school concept by adopting an appropriate middle school program.


Multimedia And Its Effects On Different Cognitive Styles In The Mathematics Classroom, Richard G. Strike Jan 1992

Multimedia And Its Effects On Different Cognitive Styles In The Mathematics Classroom, Richard G. Strike

Graduate Research Papers

Technology has provided the education world with 3 many tools to present information. Multimedia is the latest tool. Multimedia in itself is not a new concept. In the past, teachers and students have used multiple forms of media to create projects such as filmstrips, tape recordings and videos. "Today, the computer has become the conductor of the multimedia orchestra" (Epstein, 1990, p. 40).


The Relationship Among Sex-Role Categories, Self-Esteem, And Achievement: A Preliminary Study Of Taiwanese Youth, Chun-Hwei Chang Jan 1992

The Relationship Among Sex-Role Categories, Self-Esteem, And Achievement: A Preliminary Study Of Taiwanese Youth, Chun-Hwei Chang

Graduate Research Papers

The purpose of the study was to investigate different levels of self-esteem and attitude toward achievement in individuals of varying sex-role categories: masculinity, femininity, and androgyny. The subjects for this study were 125 Taiwanese college freshmen, 68 males and 57 females, at the Tunghai University in Taiwan. Three scales were used in this study: the Bem Sex-role Inventory, the Coopersmith Self-esteem Inventory (CSEI), and the Attitude toward Achievement Inventory. The results of this study indicated that the masculinity-category subjects had both higher self-esteem and greater self-concept of ability toward achievement than the non-masculinity-category subjects. Also, there were statistically significant differences …


Fostering Spelling Ability, Beth Dykstra-Van Meeteren Jan 1992

Fostering Spelling Ability, Beth Dykstra-Van Meeteren

Graduate Research Papers

Many teachers of primary-age children are seeking to implement the whole language concept into instructional programs by focusing on children's involvement in the language processes (comprehension and composition). Smith and Goodman (1971) explain that the whole language concept is based on the nature of language and how children learn language. As children engage in the language processes, language abilities emerge. Children generate their own hypotheses about the regularity underlying language, test them, and revise these hypotheses based on the feedback they receive.


The Relationship Of Attitudes Between Advisors In Advisory Roles And Advisees Of These Advisors, Kathy J. Dvorak Jan 1992

The Relationship Of Attitudes Between Advisors In Advisory Roles And Advisees Of These Advisors, Kathy J. Dvorak

Graduate Research Papers

An advisor-advisee program ls one of many fundamental concepts operating in an effective middle school. To develop a successful advisor-advisee program, schools must seriously train teachers for their role as an advisor. The purpose of this study was to determine if there was a relationship between staff and students' attitudes towards an advisor-advisee program. This study included twenty-six staff members and three hundred and twenty students. Staff and students were surveyed through the use of separate survey instruments. The surveys were used to communicate their level of satisfaction toward the advisor-advisee program. Attitudes of staff as well as students were …


The Importance Of Teaching Problem Solving, Edward Dvorak Jan 1992

The Importance Of Teaching Problem Solving, Edward Dvorak

Graduate Research Papers

Each day mathematics teachers and their students go through the daily routine of solving basic textbook mathematical problems. The teacher discusses the basic concept that is being studied and then assigns a number of problems. The assignment is generally limited to performing algorithmic computations in a rote manner. Problem solving is limited or nonexistant.


Split- And Multiple-Images In Filmic Presentations: Concise Information Or Multiple Confusion?, Barbara J. Erickson Jan 1992

Split- And Multiple-Images In Filmic Presentations: Concise Information Or Multiple Confusion?, Barbara J. Erickson

Graduate Research Papers

Because there is more than one panel with moving pictures being viewed simultaneously, many questions can be posed about the audience's ability to process and interpret the multiple images, the construction of intended messages, and the appropriateness and ramifications of the use of this type of technique in moving visual mediums. The question central to this study will deal with analyzing the split/multiple moving image technique: How does the use and arrangement of multiple images or panels influence the viewer's interpretation of the message? Further, through a review of previous studies, an attempt also will be made to learn the …


Attitudes And Understandings: The Meaning Of School To At-Risk Ninth Grade Students In A Midwestern Urban Area, Judith Brush Griffith Jan 1992

Attitudes And Understandings: The Meaning Of School To At-Risk Ninth Grade Students In A Midwestern Urban Area, Judith Brush Griffith

Graduate Research Papers

When students in small urban or rural areas are identified as at-risk, they are often visualized as possessing the same traits as at-risk students in very large metropolitan areas. This visualization is often based on both traditional quantitative studies and on qualitative interpretive research. In this study, based primarily on interpretive descriptive models, at-risk ninth-grade students from a small Midwestern urban area were interviewed to determine their attitudes and understandings about school. The data collected represents a highly localized view and indicates that these students' views seem to coincide with traditional values and beliefs.


Extending Children's Literacy Through A Thematic Unit, Sally A. Hamilton Jan 1992

Extending Children's Literacy Through A Thematic Unit, Sally A. Hamilton

Graduate Research Papers

This paper will present the rationale for extending the literature base of a reading and language arts instructional program. Implications for instruction, based on a review of professional literature, will be discussed and then applied to the development of a fifth-grade unit based on the theme of memories. Literature-based units provide children with many opportunities to engage in the functions of language, thus strengthening their thinking-language abilities.


Distance Education: The Re-Emergence Of The Telecourse, Sarah Hanuske Jan 1992

Distance Education: The Re-Emergence Of The Telecourse, Sarah Hanuske

Graduate Research Papers

The year 2000 is expected to have a fifty percent increase in total world population over 1970 (Clarke, 1974). Most of the growth is occurring in developing nations. Even though the rate of growth is less dramatic in developed countries, the social implications are just as important. The expanding numbers of school children, university and vocational-technical students, and others seeking additional training and education are straining the resources of existing traditional educational structures everywhere.


Using The Writing Portfolio To Reflect Reading Progress At The First-Grade Level, Roberta Kay Hass Jan 1992

Using The Writing Portfolio To Reflect Reading Progress At The First-Grade Level, Roberta Kay Hass

Graduate Research Papers

Maintaining portfolios of students' writings has become a popular means of assessing both students' progress and program effectiveness in writing at the first-grade level. The strong relationship that exists between writing processes and reading processes indicates that writing portfolios may provide a productive source of information for a teacher in assessing first-grade students' progress in reading processes as well as in writing ability. The purpose of this literature review is to provide a background of information and a rationale that will support the use of writing portfolios to assess both writing and reading processes at the first grade level.


A Comparison Of Student Time On Task Between Self Selected And Teacher Assigned Writing Topics, Janeen M. Jackson Jan 1992

A Comparison Of Student Time On Task Between Self Selected And Teacher Assigned Writing Topics, Janeen M. Jackson

Graduate Research Papers

The purpose of this study was to examine the amount of time on task by students who chose their own writing topics as compared to the amount of time on task by students who wrote on teacher assigned topics. Thirtyeight 7th graders from two intact language arts classes were the subjects in this study. The time on task was logged daily and measured in minutes spent prewriting, writing, revising and conferencing. At-test indicated that there was a significant difference in time on task (p < .001) between paragraphs in which students were allowed to self select topics and those in which the topic was teacher assigned. The students spent more time on self selected topics. The results of this study are significant to teachers of writing. When maximum writing time or practice in writing are desired outcomes, students should be allowed to self select topics.


Portfolio-Based Assessment In The Language Arts Curriculum, Lonni Hanson Johnson Jan 1992

Portfolio-Based Assessment In The Language Arts Curriculum, Lonni Hanson Johnson

Graduate Research Papers

The implementation of the whole language concept into language arts instructional programs has necessitated a change in assessment. This instructional concept focuses on children's involvement in the language processes to create meaning. Through engaging in these processes, children's language abilities are developed.


A Review Of The Issue Of Elitism As A Perceived Negative Characteristic Of Gifted Programs, Scott A. Jones Jan 1992

A Review Of The Issue Of Elitism As A Perceived Negative Characteristic Of Gifted Programs, Scott A. Jones

Graduate Research Papers

At some point in time almost every teacher who works with gifted children will have to deal with the issue of elitism in the programming strategies established for these children. In fact, according to Borland (1989), teachers and coordinators of gifted education programs are frequently charged with fostering elitism in the schools. He further states that, "For some people, the phrase 'program for the gifted' reflexively connotes unfair advantage and a retreat from egalitarianism" (p.83). Gardner and Hofstadter (1989) also address this problem when they say: "The linking of excellence and elitism is an ingrained national tendency, an enduring facet …


Extending The Whole Language Concept Through A Thematic Unit, Susan Carlson Nothwehr Jan 1992

Extending The Whole Language Concept Through A Thematic Unit, Susan Carlson Nothwehr

Graduate Research Papers

The purpose of this paper is to explore the process of integrating the language arts program through a literature base representative of the different genres. From the supporting professional references that will be cited, a unit utilizing these implications for instruction will be offered. The unit that illustrates the process of instructional development is Fun and Games and is appropriate for the upper elementary grade levels.