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Refugee Background Students Transitioning Into Higher Education: Navigating Complex Spaces, Skye Playsted

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Book review

Finding Their Voice: Singing And Teaching With Refugees In Australia, Skye Playsted

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

No abstract provided.

Children's Sports Participation And Self-Regulation: Bi-Directional Longitudinal Associations, Steven J. Howard, Stewart A. Vella, Dylan P. Cliff

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Early self-regulation is essential to positive life outcomes and sports are speculated to generate self-regulatory improvements. Preliminary research supports this assertion, showing some sports might yield short-term self-regulatory improvements and elite athletes tend to excel in cognitive functions underlying self-regulation. What remains unclear is whether sports improve self-regulation or better self-regulators engage in sport. We investigated whether sport participation in early childhood (4-5 years) predicted change in children's self-regulation two years later; and early self-regulation (4-5 years) predicted change in sports participation two years later. Data were drawn from the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children, which consisted of 4385 children …

Unintentional Path Dependence: Australian Guitar Manufacturing, Bunya Pine And Legacies Of Forestry Decisions And Resource Stewardship, Christopher R. Gibson, Andrew T. Warren

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Australian guitar manufacturers are increasingly competitive globally, known for quality, design, and sustainability. Also distinguishing Australian guitar making is the use of native timbers¿a result of unforeseen historical endowments of available trees from earlier eras of colonial appropriation and State-sponsored planting. We develop a critical-materialist, and historical, evolutionary economic geography to trace an example of unintentional path dependence. Present craft-based manufacturing is linked to past regimes of resource stewardship. We illustrate this through the example of the bunya pine (Araucaria bidwillii), an endemic tree with Indigenous significance now used industrially as a ¿tonewood¿ in guitar making. With limited geographic range, …

Cash Transfer Interventions For Sexual Health: Meanings And Experiences Of Adolescent Males And Females In Inner-City Johannesburg, Nomhle Khoza, Jonathan Stadler, Catherine L. Macphail, Admire Chikandiwa, Heena Brahmbhatt, Sinead Delany-Moretlwe

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Background In sub-Saharan Africa, there is growing interest in the use of cash transfer (CT) programs for HIV treatment and prevention. However, there is limited evidence of the consequences related to CT provision to adolescents in low-resourced urban settings. We explored the experiences of adolescents receiving CTs to assess the acceptability and unintended consequences of CT strategies in urban Johannesburg, South Africa. Methods We collected qualitative data during a pilot randomized controlled trial of three CT strategies (monthly payments unconditional vs. conditional on school attendance vs. a once-off payment conditional on a clinic visit) involving 120 adolescents aged 16-18 years …

Role Of Sleep Duration And Sleep-Related Problems In The Metabolic Syndrome Among Children And Adolescents, Leonardo Pulido-Arjona, Jorge Enrique Correa-Bautista, Cesar A. Agostinis-Sobrinho, Jorge Mota, Rute Santos, Maria Correa-Rodriguez, Antonio Garcia-Hermoso, Robinson Ramirez-Velez

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Background: There is increasing recognition that sleep is a risk factor for metabolic syndrome (MetS). The aim of the present study was to analyze the relationship between self-reported sleep duration, sleep-related problems and the presence of MetS in children and adolescents from Bogotá, D.C., Colombia. Methods: This is a cross-sectional analysis from the FUPRECOL study (2014-15). Participants included 2779 (54.2% girls) youth from Bogota (Colombia). MetS was defined as the presence of ≥3 of the metabolic abnormalities (hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-c], hypertension, and increased waist circumference) according to the criteria of de Ferranti/Magge and colleges. Self-reported sleep …

Cardiorespiratory Fitness And Blood Pressure: A Longitudinal Analysis, Cesar A. Agostinis-Sobrinho, Jonatan R. Ruiz, Carla Moreira, Sandra Abreu, Luis C. Oliveira Lopes, Jose Oliveira-Santos, Jorge Mota, Rute Santos

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

OBJECTIVES: To examine the association between cardiorespiratory fitness and cardiovascular indices 2 years later, and to determine whether changes in cardiorespiratory fitness are associated with cardiovascular indices at a 2-year follow-up in adolescents. STUDY DESIGN: The sample comprised 734 adolescents (349 girls) aged 12-18 years followed for 3 years from the LabMed Physical Activity Study. Cardiorespiratory fitness was assessed by the 20-meter shuttle run test. Height, weight, waist circumference, and resting blood pressure (BP) were measured according to standard procedures. RESULTS: Regression analyses showed a significant inverse association between cardiorespiratory fitness at baseline and systolic BP (B = -0.126; P …

Tren Hidup Di Apartemen Terus Meningkat, Bagaimana Keluarga Dengan Anak Kecil Beradaptasi?, Sophie-May Kerr

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Di Sydney, satu dari empat penghuni apartemen merupakan keluarga dengan anak. Tetapi desain serta bayangan akan kehidupan di apartemen belum mengimbangi perubahan demografi yang pesat ini.

With Apartment Living On The Rise, How Do Families And Their Noisy Children Fit In?, Sophie-May Kerr

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

A growing number of Australians live in apartments. The compact city model presents many benefits. However, living close to each other also presents challenges. Rapid growth in apartment developments in recent decades has led to a rise in noise-related complaints and disputes across urban Australia. Households with children are on the front line of such tensions. They are one of the fastest-growing demographics living in apartments. Analysis of the latest census data show, for instance, that families with children under the age of 15 comprise 25% of Sydney's apartment population. Apartment design and cultural acceptance of families in the vertical …

Evaluation Of The Preschool Situational Self-Regulation Toolkit (Prsist) Program For Supporting Children's Early Self-Regulation Development: Study Protocol For A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial, Steven J. Howard, Elena Vasseleu, Cathrine Marguerite Neilsen-Hewett, Ken Cliff

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Backround: For children with low self-regulation in the preschool years, the likelihood of poorer intellectual, health, wealth and anti-social outcomes in adulthood is overwhelming. Yet this knowledge has not yielded a framework for understanding self-regulatory change, nor generated particularly successful methods for enacting this change. Reconciling insights from cross-disciplinary theory, research and practice, this study seeks to implement a newly developed program of low-cost and routine practices and activities for supporting early self-regulatory development within preschool contexts and to evaluate its effect on children's self-regulation, executive function and school readiness; and educator perceived knowledge, attitudes and self-efficacy related to self-regulation. …

The Relationship Between Executive Functions And Emotion Regulation In Females Attending Therapeutic Community Treatment For Substance Use Disorder, Ely Marceau, Peter James Kelly, Nadia Solowij

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

© 2017 Elsevier B.V. Background Difficulties in emotion regulation influence the development of substance use disorder (SUD), its severity, course, treatment outcomes, and relapse. Impaired executive functions (EFs) are common in SUD populations and may relate to emotion dysregulation. The current study tested whether performance on three basic EF tasks (‘working memory’, ‘inhibition’, and ‘task-switching’) and/or inventory-based assessment of EF were related to difficulties in emotion regulation in females attending residential SUD therapeutic community treatment. Methods Cross-sectional design in which participants (N = 50, all female) completed a questionnaire battery including the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) and Behavior …

Are Carer Attitudes Toward Medications Related To Self-Reported Medication Adherence Amongst People With Mental Illness?, Frank P. Deane, Elizabeth Mcalpine, Mitchell K. Byrne, Esther Davis, Christine Mortimer

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Medication nonadherence among consumers with psychiatric disorders can significantly affect the health and wellbeing of the consumer and their family. Previous research has suggested that carers have an impact on consumer attitudes toward medication and adherence. Yet, how carer attitudes toward medication may be related to consumer attitudes and adherence has received little investigation. This exploratory study aimed to investigate the relationships between carer and consumer attitudes toward medication and consumer adherence behaviour. A cross-sectional survey assessing consumer and carer attitudes toward medication and consumer adherence was conducted amongst 42 consumer-carer dyads. Correlation analyses showed a positive association between consumer …

Changes In Infant Visual Attention When Observing Repeated Actions, Felix Koch, Anett Sundqvist, Jane S. Herbert, Tomas Tjus, Mikael Heimann

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

2018 Elsevier Inc. Infants' early visual preferences for faces, and their observational learning abilities, are well-established in the literature. The current study examines how infants' attention changes as they become increasingly familiar with a person and the actions that person is demonstrating. The looking patterns of 12- (n = 61) and 16-month-old infants (n = 29) were tracked while they watched videos of an adult presenting novel actions with four different objects three times. A face-to-action ratio in visual attention was calculated for each repetition and summarized as a mean across all videos. The face-to-action ratio increased with each action …

Second-Hand Exposure Of Staff Administering Vaporised Cannabinoid Products To Patients In A Hospital Setting, Nadia Solowij, Peter Galettis, Samantha J. Broyd, Peter De Krey, Jennifer H. Martin

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Background In many health settings, administration of medicinal cannabis poses significant implementation barriers including drug storage and safety for administering staff and surrounding patients. Different modes of administration also provide different yet potentially significant issues. One route that has become of clinical interest owing to the rapid onset of action and patient control of the inhaled amount (via breath timing and depth) is that of vaporisation of cannabinoid products. Although requiring a registered therapeutic device for administration, this is a relatively safe method of intrapulmonary administration that may be particularly useful for patients with difficulty swallowing, and for those in …

Experimenting With Agricultural Diversity: Migrant Knowledge As A Resource For Climate Change Adaptation, Natascha Klocker, Lesley M. Head, Olivia V. Dun, Tess Spaven

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Climate change poses serious challenges for agriculture and adaptation to its impacts is widely understood to be necessary - now and into the future. This paper focuses on Australia's horticulturally productive and culturally diverse Sunraysia region. Due to the high seasonal labour demands of horticulture, this region has a large population of temporary and permanent migrants. Many were farmers in their countries of origin. We bring together literature on climate change adaptation in agriculture, and migration and agriculture, to identify a common theme: experimentation. The former emphasises the need for experimentation in uncertain times, and the latter draws attention to …

Going Viral In Png - Exploring Routes And Circumstances Of Entry Of A Rabies-Infected Dog Into Papua New Guinea, Victoria Brookes, Christopher J. Degeling, Michael P. Ward

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

In this qualitative study implemented in November 2016, we elicited narratives about fictional rabies incursions from key employees (n = 16) of the National Agriculture and Quarantine Inspection Authority in Papua New Guinea (PNG) to explore the potential circumstances and routes of entry of a rabies-infected dog, and direct rabies preparedness. Although PNG is rabies free, proximity to rabies-endemic Indonesia poses a risk of introduction and it is expected that an outbreak in PNG would have devastating human health impacts consistent with other countries with similarly low human development indices and abundant free-roaming dogs. Participants used their local and professional …

Does Precautionary Information About Electromagnetic Fields Trigger Nocebo Responses? An Experimental Risk Communication Study, Christoph A. Boehmert, Adam Verrender, Mario Pauli, Peter M. Wiedemann

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

2018 The Author(s). Background: Regarding electromagnetic fields from mobile communication technologies, empirical studies have shown that precautionary information given to lay recipients increases their risk perceptions, i.e. the belief that electromagnetic fie lds are dangerous. Taking this finding one step further, the current study investigates whether precautionary information also leads to higher symptom perceptions in an alleged exposure situation. Building on existing research on nocebo responses to sham electromagnetic fields, an interaction of the precautionary information with personality characteristics was hypothesised. Methods: An experimental design with sham exposure to an electromagnetic field of a WLAN device was deployed. The final …

Early Self-Regulation, Early Self-Regulatory Change, And Their Longitudinal Relations To Adolescents' Academic, Health, And Mental Well-Being Outcomes, Steven J. Howard, Kate E. Williams

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Objective: To evaluate the extent to which early self-regulation and early changes in self-regulation are associated with adolescents' academic, health, and mental well-being outcomes.

Methods: Data were collected from 1 of the cohorts in a large dual-cohort cross-sequential study of Australian children. This cohort consisted of a nationally representative data set of 4983 Australian children assessed at 4 to 5 years of age, who were followed longitudinally to 14 to 15 years of age. Using regression within a path analysis framework, we first sought to investigate associations of early self-regulation (at 4-5 years and 6-7 years of age) …

Organised Sports Participation And Adiposity Among A Cohort Of Adolescents Over A Two Year Period, Stewart A. Vella, Dylan P. Cliff

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Background Overweight and obesity among young people is alarmingly high. While hundreds of millions of children participate in organised sports worldwide, it is currently unknown whether time spent in organised sports is associated with levels of adiposity among young people. This study aimed to investigate bidirectional associations between participation in organised sports and adiposity over a two year period.

Method Data were drawn from the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children. In total, 4033 participants (51% male) reported time spent in organised sports and had their body mass index, body fat percentage, and waist circumference measured at age 12, and again …

Does Gesture Strengthen Sensorimotor Knowledge Of Objects? The Case Of The Size-Weight Illusion, Wim T. J. L Pouw, Stephanie Wassenburg, Autumn Hostetter, Bjorn De Koning, Fred Paas

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Co-speech gestures have been proposed to strengthen sensorimotor knowledge related to objects' weight and manipulability. This pre-registered study (https://www.osf.io/9uh6q/) was designed to explore how gestures affect memory for sensorimotor information through the application of the visual-haptic size-weight illusion (i.e., objects weigh the same, but are experienced as different in weight). With this paradigm, a discrepancy can be induced between participants' conscious illusory perception of objects' weight and their implicit sensorimotor knowledge (i.e., veridical motor coordination). Depending on whether gestures reflect and strengthen either of these types of knowledge, gestures may respectively decrease or increase the magnitude of the size-weight illusion. …

"He Came Back A Changed Man": The Popularity And Influence Of Policy Tourism, Tom Baker, Pauline M. Mcguirk

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Why does policy tourism remain a popular and influential method of policy learning and mobility in an age of information abundance? Framed by a case study of homelessness policy tourism to New York City, this paper suggests that policy tourism remains popular because it allows for: (1) thinking outside the everyday strictures of the bureaucratic workplace; (2) the development of associational bonds between policy tourists, and between tourists and hosts; (3) the verification of information; and (4) the legitimation of decisions/positions. Noting the powerful influence that tourist encounters have on policy tourists, the paper then discusses the production of authenticity. …

Relationship Of Dietary Nitrate Intake From Vegetables With Cardiovascular Disease Mortality: A Prospective Study In A Cohort Of Older Australians, Alex Liu, Catherine Bondonno, Joanna Russell, Victoria M. Flood, Joshua Lewis, Kevin D. Croft, Richard Woodman, Wai Lim, Annette Kifley, Germaine Wong, Paul Mitchell, Jonathan Hodgson, Lauren Blekkenhorst

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Purpose: Short-term trials indicate inorganic nitrate and nitrate-rich vegetables may have vascular health benefits. However, few observational studies have explored the relationship between nitrate intake and long-term cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the association of nitrate intake from vegetables with CVD mortality in a sample of older Australians. Methods: A subgroup of participants without diabetes or major CVD at baseline (1992–1994) were included from the Blue Mountains Eye Study, a population-based cohort study of men and women aged ≥ 49 years. Diets were evaluated using a validated food frequency questionnaire at baseline, …

School-Home Partnerships: The Missing Piece In Obesity Prevention?, Anthony D. Okely, Megan Hammersley

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Although the prevalence of child obesity has plateaued in some demographic groups, it remains high in most high-income countries.Schools have been identified as a key setting for preventing childhood obesity and improving obesity-related behaviours.Many such school-based interventions have been tested over the past 20 years, but only a handful of these have been successful...

The Impact Of Early-Years Provision In Children's Centres (Epicc) On Child Cognitive And Socio-Emotional Development: Study Protocol For A Randomised Controlled Trial, Lynne Murray, Susie Jennings, Alicia Mortimer, Amber Prout, Edward Melhuish, Claire Hughes, John Duncan, Joni Holmes, Corinne Dishington, Peter Cooper

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Background: There are marked disparities between pre-school children in key skills affecting school readiness, disparities that commonly persist and influence children's later academic achievements, employment, and adjustment. Much of this disparity is linked to socio-economic disadvantage and its impact on the home learning environment. Children's Centres are an ideal context in which to implement and evaluate programmes to address this problem. They principally serve the 30% worst areas on the Indices of Deprivation Affecting Children, providing for families from the antenatal period up to age 5 years, aiming to promote parenting skills and provide care for children. Methods: We are …

Fostering Effective Early Learning (Feel) Study: Final Report, Iram Siraj, Edward Melhuish, Steven J. Howard, Cathrine Marguerite Neilsen-Hewett, Denise Kingston, Marc De Rosnay, Elisabeth Duursma, Xiaoqi Feng, Betty Luu

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

The 2018 Fostering Effective Early Learning (FEEL) study focuses on the importance of quality, and how to strengthen it in early childhood education and care (ECEC) settings. Extensive research demonstrates that the benefits of ECEC for children are increased when the service provider and educators are highly skilled and participate in professional development (PD), and the service is of high quality. Upskilling the workforce, including in-service professional development, is considered to be a key to improving quality, and can produce substantial and practical improvements for staff and children alike. Building on the existing body of international research, the findings of …

Children Aren't Liabilities In Disasters - They Can Help, If We Let Them, Christine Eriksen, Avianto Amri, Briony Towers, Emma Calgaro, John Richardson, Katharine Haynes, Scott J. Mckinnon

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Our world is becoming increasingly vulnerable to fire, flood and other natural hazards. While our instinct as adults may be to shield children from these possibilities, this does them a real disservice. Lessons from El Salvador and the Philippines show that when children are given accurate, clear information in accessible and age-appropriate language, they are highly motivated to help reduce disaster risks, both at home and in their communities. Indeed, there is growing evidence that children can play an active and positive role in making their communities more resilient to climate change, hurricanes and bushfires, and in improving disaster recovery.

Loneliness In Treatment-Seeking Substance-Dependent Populations: Validation Of The Social And Emotional Loneliness Scale For Adults-Short Version, Isabella Ingram, Peter James Kelly, Frank P. Deane, Amanda Baker, Dayle Raftery

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Objectives: Loneliness is a distressing emotional experience that is likely to be prevalent among people accessing treatment for substance dependence problems. The first aim of the current study was to report on the validity of the Social and Emotional Loneliness Scale for Adults-Short Version (SELSA-S), a multidimensional measure of loneliness, for use in substance-dependent treatment populations. In order to further the understanding of loneliness among this population, loneliness was examined in relation to demographic, physical, and mental health variables. Methods: Participants were attending Australian residential substance dependence treatment services provided by two nongovernmental organizations (The Salvation Army and We Help …

View Specific Generalisation Effects In Face Recognition: Front And Yaw Comparison Views Are Better Than Pitch, Simone K. Favelle, Stephen Palmisano

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

It can be difficult to recognise new instances of an unfamiliar face. Recognition errors in this particular situation appear to be viewpoint dependent with error rates increasing with the angular distance between the face views. Studies using front views for comparison have shown that recognising faces rotated in yaw can be difficult and that recognition of faces rotated in pitch is more challenging still. Here we investigate the extent to which viewpoint dependent face recognition depends on the comparison view. Participants were assigned to one of four different comparison view groups: front, ¾ yaw (right), ¾ pitch-up (above) or ¾ …

Effects Of Head-Display Lag On Presence In The Oculus Rift, Juno Kim, Matthew Moroz, Benjamin Arcioni, Stephen Palmisano

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

We measured presence and perceived scene stability in a virtual environment viewed with different head-to-display lag (i.e., system lag) on the Oculus Rift (CV1). System lag was added on top of the measured benchmark system latency (22.3 ms) for our visual scene rendered in OpenGL Shading Language (GLSL). Participants made active head oscillations in pitch at 1.0Hz while viewing displays. We found that perceived scene instability increased and presence decreased when increasing system lag, which we attribute to the effect of multisensory visual-vestibular interactions on the interpretation of the visual information presented.

Community Volunteer Support For Families With Young Children: Protocol For The Volunteer Family Connect Randomized Controlled Trial, Rebekah Grace, Lynn Kemp, Jacqueline Barnes, Emma Elcombe, Jennifer Knight, Kelly Baird, Vana Webster, Fiona Byrne

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Background: Use of community volunteers to support vulnerable families is a widely employed strategy with a long history. However, there has been minimal formal scientific investigation into the effectiveness of volunteer home visiting programs for families. There is also a need for research examining whether volunteer home visiting leads to improved outcomes for volunteers. Objective: The objective of this paper is to describe the research protocol for a pragmatic randomized controlled trial (RCT) of the Volunteer Family Connect intervention, a volunteer home visiting program designed to support families of young children who experience social isolation or a lack of parenting …