Education Commons^™

An Empirical Investigation Of Stoltenberg's Counselor Complexity Model, George Calvin Zeth Weaver Iii

Doctoral Dissertations

Supervision research has begun to focus on developmental models. The main purpose of this study was to test for possible differences in the level of self-actualization of counselor trainees who are at the four levels of counselor development as described by the counselor complexity model (Stoltenberg, 1981). Secondary questions involved the relationships between level of counselor development and the variables of trainees' perceptions of themselves and amount of trainees' counseling experience. Seventy-nine trainees from programs in counseling psychology, clinical psychology, educational psychology, social work, and U.S. Army mental health were used in this study. Trainees' supervisors rated the trainees' level …

Relationships Of Self-Concept, Food And Nutrition Attitudes And Knowledge, And Health Habits To Food Selection And Nutrient Intake, Diane Jean Palmer Libby

Doctoral Dissertations

To examine the relationships between self-concept and food- and nutrition-related behavior, information was collected from 153 single women ages 18-35. Participants were contacted through their places of employment and represented a variety of occupations. Each participant had an educational level between a high school diploma and a four-year college degree.

Participants completed a questionnaire requesting information about demographic facts, attitudes toward self, attitudes toward the importance of food and nutrition, nutrition knowledge, and health habits. Each participant also completed a three-day food record. Factor analysis of the attitudes toward self, attitudes toward the importance of food and nutrition, and health …

The Effectiveness Of Computer Assisted Instruction Of Chapter I Students In Secondary Schools, Robert Lloyd Davidson

Doctoral Dissertations

The major purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of computer assisted instruction in the mathematics classroom. Mathematics achievement scores of Chapter I students receiving only traditional instruction were compared to mathematics achievement scored of Chapter I students using computer assisted instruction. Chapter I students from grades 9, 10, 11, and 12 at Fulton High School, Knoxville, Tennessee, were chosen. Form J of the Metropolitan Instructional Mathematics Test was administered to establish the initial level of students' mathematical achievement. Thirty-six students were in the control group and 18 were in the experimental group. The 18 students in the …

Modulation Of Drug Metabolism By Food Restiction, Paul Kupen Su

Doctoral Dissertations

The effects of the level and duration of feed restriction on the in vitro activities of hepatic drug metabolizing enzyme system were examined in male weanling Sprague Dawley rats fed ad libitum or feed restricted at 15%, 30% and 45% for a period of one to five weeks (Experiment I). Increasing levels and duration of feed restriction resulted in significant progressive increases in hepatic microsomal protein, cytochrome P-450 content and the in vitro activities of microsomal aniline hydroxylase. p-chloro-methly-aniline(PCMA)N- demethylase and p-nitrophenol UDP-glucuronyl transferase activities were unaltered by the feed restriction while cytochrome c reductase activity was significantly decreased. In …

Predictors Of Life Satisfaction Among Young Adults From Low-Income, Rural Areas Of Southern Appalachia, Stephan Maxwell Wilson

Doctoral Dissertations

A person's quality of life has been assumed by some researchers to be related to material and achieved status or to the material conditions of life by other researchers. Individuals' perception of the quality of their lives, however, is an experience of satisfaction. Therefore, researchers have begun to examine how individuals perceive the quality of their lives based upon individuals' internal comparisons of their own expectations and aspirations (i.e., internal referents) as predictors of life satisfaction. These internal referents may not be tied to mainstream American standards or values. Most life satisfaction studies, to date, have concentrated on middle-class, urban …

Effects Of Cadmium, Calcium, Age And Parity On Bone Mineral, Density And Strength In Female Rats, Beverley F. Hammond

Doctoral Dissertations

Weanling female rats were fed diets containing one of three levels of Ca (0.3, 0.6 or 0.9%) and one of four levels of Cd (0, 1, 5 or 10 ppm) in the drinking water. One half of each group was bred first as adolescents (55 days) and the other half as mature (110 days) females. Approximately 10 animals from each group were sacrificed after the first pregnancy and the remaining animals after the fourth pregnancy. Reproductive performance, plasma and bone Ca and P and bone density and strength were measured.

After the first pregnancy, offspring of dams treated with 5 …

Learning Style Preferences For Design And Their Relationship To Standardized Test Results, Roger H. Siles

Doctoral Dissertations

Statement of the Problem: The emergence of the proficiency testing movement has created a situation in which schools must administer these tests in a setting most conducive to student success. Students' performance on tests depends not only on their knowledge and skills, but also on conditions under which tests are taken. "Conditions of test administration affect test performance and hence test reliability by having differing effects on different test takers."

Recent research in the area of student learning style indicates that the various environmental elements of sound, light, temperature, and design affect student learning and test performance. This research indicates …

A Study Of Fine Structure Development Of Poly(Ethylene Terephthalate) In High Speed Spinning By Using A Pneumatic Drawdown Device, Chi-Chung Bai

Doctoral Dissertations

High speed melt spinning of linear, branched, and high molecular weight poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) polymers using a pneumatic drawdown device was carried out in this study. Characterization of the structure of final spun fibers of each polymer and the structure development along the spinline for different mass throughputs and take-up velocities were studied.

The final spun fibers were characterized with various techniques: birefringence, density, wide angle x-ray scattering (WAXS), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), shrinkage, and tensile testing. A filament cutting technique was utilized and on-line temperature and birefringence measurements were performed to study the PET structure development along the spinline. …

Effects Of Cooking Method, Fat Level, And Days On Feed On The Objective And Sensory Characteristics Of Restructured Steaks, Carol A. Costello

Doctoral Dissertations

Top rounds from steers fed grain 0, 28, 56, or 84 days were removed and flaked in a Urschel Comitrol containing a plate with 1.9-cm openings. Fat (beef plates approximately 55% fat) from animals fed grain was finely ground. Flaked meat and fat were mixed and formed into 227-g restructured steaks with 15%, 20%, or 25% fat. Steaks were cooked in a microwave oven on a preheated browning dish or broiled in a conventional oven to an internal temperature of 73^oC ± 2^oC or 73^oC, respectively.

Greater cooking losses were exhibited for steaks heated …

Effects Of Carnitine On Ethanol-Induced Hepatic Steatosis, Tae Hyong Rhew

Doctoral Dissertations

The lipotropic and hypolipidemic effects of carnitine and its precursors, namely lysine (Lys) and methionine (Met), was examined in male Sprague-Dawley rats fed ethanol as 36% of the total calories for a duration of 56 days (Experiment I). Ethanol produced significant hepatic steatosis and hypertriglyceridemia as evidenced from elevated concentrations of total lipids, triglycerides, cholesterols, and phospholipids. Supplementation of the ethanol diet with 1.0% D,L-carnitine and 0.5% L-Lys plus 0.2% L-Met significantly reduced ethanol-induced elevation of the various lipid classes with the exception of free fatty acids. The triglyceride contents in liver and plasma were inversely related to the concentrations …

The Response Of Premature Infants To Parenteral Amino Acids In The First Week Of Life, Mitzi Wilkinson Davis

Doctoral Dissertations

This study investigated the response of premature infants to parenteral amino acids and related that response to gender, amino acid concentration at birth, amino acid status prior to infusion, postnatal age, caloric intake, weight, intake of individual amino acids, and gestational age. Plasma samples were collected from 21 premature infants (gestational age 31. 2 ± 2.3 weeks) before the initiation of amino acid infusion and after 24 hours of infusion. Mixed umbilical cord samples were available from 10 of these infants. Eleven (11) infants (gestational age 30.8 ± 2.8 weeks) receiving parenteral amino acids with no enteral supplementation were evaluated …

Turbot Fillet Sections Cooked By Microwave And Conventional Heating Methods: Objective And Sensory Evaluation, Karen Madeira

Doctoral Dissertations

Energy and time conservation in food preparation is of concern to consumers and the microwave oven is one appliance that has been credited with energy and time savings. Although consumption of fish by consumers has been increasing, little has been reported on the microwave-cooking of fish. Therefore, an investigation was designed to compare the energy requirements of, the effects of heating on, and the acceptability of turbot, an underutilized species of fish, cooked in a microwave oven with that baked conventionally.

The microwave oven cooked the fish significantly faster, required less cooking power and energy, and demonstrated greater relative efficiency …

Food Quality Control Methods Used In Nursing Homes And Hospitals Of 100 Beds Or Less In Kentucky And Tennessee, Laura Lee Butler

Doctoral Dissertations

In 1981 nursing homes and hospitals with less than 100 beds in Kentucky and Tennessee represented approximately 50% of the total number of these facilities. Little attention has been given in the professional literature to health care facilities of this size. Many small facilities have not employed persons with specialized education and training to manage the foodservice; thus food quality control methods may not be used. Research is needed to identify existing areas of quality control in order for needed improvements and changes to be made. The purposes of this study were to identify and compare current quality control measures …

Gender Differences Between Never-Married Adults: Sociodemographic, Psychological, And Social Support Factors, Janet Schreur Cockrum

Doctoral Dissertations

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the differences between never-married men and women on a number of social-psychological variables. Specific attention was also given to a select group of sociodemographic variables. A secondary purpose was to examine the relationship between life satisfaction as a criterion variable and the other social-psychological variables as predictor variables.

The sample consisted of 30 never-married men and 30 never-married women, between the ages of 27-46. The average age of both the men and women was 31. Individuals had to be caucasian and currently "not cohabiting, not emotionally, sexually, or financially dependent on …

Clinical Dietetic Practice In Hospitals And Public Health Agencies In Tennessee: Implications For Educational Development, Lynne Maria Roberson

Doctoral Dissertations

This research focused on a comparison of clinical dietetic practice in hospitals and in public health agencies, and a comparison of clients' needs and problems in high-priority performance situations in actual practice with those anticipated for the future in Tennessee. Information about clinical practice was explored using role theory and systems methodology to relate concepts and processes in development.

Two surveys were conducted to obtain information about current practice and expectations for future events in Tennessee. Generally, the nature of clinical dietetic practice in short-term care hospitals and in public health agencies could not be differentiated by considering the nature …

Comparison Of Food-Related Behavior Of College And Post-College Young Married Couples, Phyllis Bowman Conklin

Doctoral Dissertations

The study was an ex post facto exploratory field study designed to investigate the food-related behavior of husbands and wives of college and post-college married, childless couples ages 18 to 31. Respondents were or had been students at the University of Northern Iowa. The major purpose was to examine food-related behavior in social episodes.

The investigation was conducted in 2 phases. In Phase I, husbands and wives of 10 college and 10 post-college couples were interviewed individually to elicit food-related episodes and appropriate types of foods for those episodes. That information then was used to develop questionnaires to be administered …

Factors Influencing The Counseling Behavior Of Clinical Dietitians, Audrey Lynn Hay

Doctoral Dissertations

A survey of clinical dietitians in accredited clinical and generalist dietetic internships was conducted to construct a socio-demographic profile and to investigate influences on the counseling behavior of clinical dietitians. The Ajzen and Fishbein (1980) model was used to identify relationships between external variables, preparedness to use, attitude and subjective norm toward use, intention to use, and behavior toward use of counseling strategies. External variables included demographic characteristics, situational characteristics, and attitude toward targets. The five categories of counseling strategies were: assessment, educational, motivational, behavioral, and evaluation.

Respondents felt most capable using counseling skills requiring active interaction and least capable …

A Study Of The Predictive Value Of The Diagnostic Reading Scales And The Woodcock Reading Mastery Testes For Instructional Level Basal Placement, Sandra Zecchini

Doctoral Dissertations

The present inquiry assessed the predictive value of the DRS and WRMT in the determination of instructional reading levels for basal placement. The rationale for this study was that teachers who receive clinical reports from reading specialists designating the instructional level may place the student in the basal reader corresponding to the report’s stated instructional level. This study sought to determine if children placed in basal materials on the instructional grade level(s) diagnosed by the WRMT and DRS would be capable of reading selections from these materials. Comprehension scores of 75% or greater constituted “fit” or correct basal placement by …

A Study Of Phased Retirement Programs At Land-Grant Colleges And Universities And The Development Of Phased Retirement Models For The University Of Tennessee, Katherine Huggins Bertelsen

Doctoral Dissertations

The University of Tennessee (UT) may face a severe faculty flow problem between now and the end of the 20th Century. Seventy percent of the faculty have tenure. Seventy-five percent of the tenured faculty are between the ages of 35 and 55. If these tenured faculty remain with The University of Tennessee until mandatory retirement, there will be very few faculty slots available for young scholars.

The purpose of the study was to investigate a way for The University of Tennessee to ease this potential faculty flow problem. Specifically, this study examined phased retirement as a possible solution to the …

Elemental Times For Estimating Clinical Instructor Demand In A Coordinated Dietetic Program, Erskine Ray Smith

Doctoral Dissertations

During the initial phase of clinical training, dietetic students require close supervision. Low faculty/student ratios have been used to achieve adequate supervision. Academic administrators have expressed concern about increased faculty demands associated with coordinated programs as such programs do not conform to the traditional formula used to fund academic units. The purpose of this research was to develop a methodology for estimating time demands of clinical instructors using different instructional strategies and to study the effects of the strategy mixes on total clinical instructor time in relation to class size and competency level students could achieve. Clinical instructor elemental times …

Model For Implementing An International Educational Cooperative Program In Hotel Administration Between Egypt And The U.S.A., Mostafa El Zaghl

Doctoral Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to design a model for an International Educational Cooperative Program in Hotel Administration between Egypt and the U. S. A. Such a program is needed to assist the hospitality industry in Egypt in facing its shortage of qualified personnel and to elevate the existing standard of service which now endanger the projected tourism revenue and the national economy as well.

The research procedure included the following steps: (A) A model was developed for implementing the proposed international program and sent with a questionnaire for evaluation to 60 two-year and four-year hospitality education programs in …

Preferences For The Ideal Classroom Environment: A Comparison Between Gifted And Nongifted Students, John R. Adams

Doctoral Dissertations

Two major questions were addressed in this study: 1) What is the ideal classroom environment most preferred by students in a gifted and talented program?, and 2) Do preferences for the ideal classroom environment differ between students enrolled in a gifted and talented program and a comparison group of nongifted students?

The subjects were 147 eighth grade students selected from three middle schools in a large suburban school system. Seventy-three subjects were actively enrolled in a gifted and talented program, with the remaining 74 students randomly selected from the general population for comparison purposes. Schools were chosen because they were …

A Comparative Analysis Of Existing Management Systems Utilized In Budget Control And Resource Allocation In Higher Education, Betty Ann Hardison Cox

Doctoral Dissertations

Due to effects of current inflation, university administrators have been forced to cope with increased costs and decreased earnings. Those responsible for budget control and resource allocation have tried to administer their finances with respect to fiscal dilemmas and yet preserve the quality of higher education . In order to accomplish this objective, various types of management systems adapted to practical financial planning and budgetary techniques have been utilized by universities. This study was conducted to determine the types of management approaches employed by institutions of higher education.

Specifically, the purposes of this study were: (1) to identify existing management …

Food-Related Behavior Of Young Childless Couples, Diane S. Traver

Doctoral Dissertations

Socio-cultural, cognitive-affective, and situational variables affecting the food-related behavior of young, childless, Southern couples were explored. Couples were married less than 18 months. Each spouse was less than 34 years of age; neither had been previously married.

Seventy couples were interviewed; 55 couples completed diaries on the cost, types, and amounts of food purchased. Husbands and wives each completed questionnaires on food-related values, attitudes, and beliefs; food preparation and buying knowledge; food-related decision-making and tasks; and meal practices.

Wives' food preparation knowledge scores were higher than husbands' scores; both were related negatively to expenditure for convenience foods. Food-related decisions and …

The Effect Of Dietary Sulfur On: I. Glutathione S-Transferase Activity In Rat Lung And Liver; And Ii. The Hepatic Metabolism And Urinary Excretion Of Acetaminophen In Adult Male Rats, Diane Helen Morris

Doctoral Dissertations

In Part I, the effect of dietary sulfur on glutathione S-transferase (GDH S-T) activity was evaluated in male Sprague-Dawley rats. The animals were fed diets containing inorganic sulfate (SO₄⁼) at the levels of 0.0072%, 0.027%, or 0.427%. At each level of SO₄⁼, there was either no organic sulfur supplementation or supplementation with cysteine or methionine.

There was no effect of dietary SO₄⁼ GSH S-T activity in lung and liver supernatants when the group means were analyzed by the method of planned comparisons. There were significant interaction effects between treatments.

Supplementation of diets …

Projecting The Hospitality Needs Of International Visitors To The Knoxville Area During The 1982 World's Fair, Youssri Allam

Doctoral Dissertations

The 1982 World's Fair in Knoxville, Tennessee (May 1st to October 31st), thereafter designated as Fair, is projected to host more than half a million international visitors. International visitors will come from every part of the world. They have different cultures, habits, attitudes and needs. The hospitality industry in Knoxville might face guests who do not speak English, have no American dollars, and have never eaten American food. The research was aimed to project the hospitality needs of the international visitors to the Fair who would be staying in hotels and motels in Knoxville, Gatlinburg, Alcoa, Pigeon Forge, Maryville, and …

Barriers To Implementation Of Energy Conservation Opportunities In Food Service Facilities, Dorothy Susan Mitchell

Doctoral Dissertations

In 1978, expenditures for energy resources represented approximately 8% of the total operating budget in food service facilities (Barclay, 1979; Skaggs, 1980). Due to increasing energy costs, erratic availability of energy supply, environmental restrictions, federal and state regulations, energy management programs take on special significance. Energy management programs, which can include energy audits, frequently lead to a 10-30% reduction of energy consumption and subsequent cost reductions (Snyder and Symonds, 1977; Shirley and Turner, 1978). The audit permits an opportunity to determine potential energy conservation opportunities (ECO's). The purposes of this study were to determine the extent of exposure to energy …

An Investigation Of The Differences In Religious Conflict And Anxiety Among Religiously Fundamentalist Students Enrolled In Hiwassee College, Johnson Bible College, And The University Of Tennessee, Knoxville, Clarence Victor Mccall Jr.

Doctoral Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in religious conflict and anxiety among religiously fundamentalist students enrolled in three institutions in East Tennessee. It was felt that such an inquiry would provide insight into the difficulties encountered by the religiously fundamentalist student as that person moves and functions in higher education.

The subjects were 301 freshman students. The study was accomplished in two phases. Phase one involved meeting with freshman English classes at two of the institutions and introductory Sociology classes at the other institution and asking the students to provide certain biographical information as well as …

A Comparative Investigation Of Selected Attitudes Of Dual Career Couples In Which The Wife Earns More/Earns Less Than The Husband, Sandra Shoun

Doctoral Dissertations

The major purpose of this study was to investigate attitudes of dual career couples in which the wife earned a higher income than the husband compared to couples in which the wife earned a lower income than the husband. The sample was comprised of dual career couples in the East Tennessee area: 79 couples in which the wife earned the higher income and 105 couples in which the wife earned the lower income.

The dependent variables used in the study included self-esteem, marital satisfaction, job satisfaction, and three dimensions of gender roles. The independent variable, income, was used to classify …

Some Interrelationships Between Acetaminophen Detoxication And Dietary Sulfur Sources, Julie Catherine Hodges

Doctoral Dissertations

This investigation was conducted to study the effect of acetaminophen on sulfur constituents in livers of rats fed various diets differing in respect to inorganic sulfate and methionine. Sodium ³⁵SO₄ = was administered to label ester sulfates, ³⁵S-cysteine to label ester sulfates and neutral sulfur compounds other than methionine and ³⁵S-methionine to label ester sulfates and neutral sulfur and by a precursor relationship give an indication of the effect acetaminophen may have on the remethylation pathway. Time of isotope injections were varied so that immediate synthesis of sulfur compounds could be evaluated as well as the …